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初一英语家教资料

【Text】I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they 、understandmodern art. They always tell you what a picture is 'about'. Of course, many pictures are not 'about' anything. They are just pretty patterns. Welike them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven,but she always tells me whether my picturesare good or not. She came into my room yesterday.'What are you doing?' she asked.'I'm hanging this picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's a new one. Do you like it?' She looked at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down?'I looked at it again. She was right! It was!【New words and expressions】(13)art n. 艺术critic n. 评论家 paint v. 画 pretend v. 假装 pattern n. 图案curtain n. 窗帘,幕布 material n. 材料 appreciate v. 鉴赏 notice v. 注意到whether conj. 是否 hang v. 悬挂,吊 critically adv. 批评地upside down 上下颠倒地(两个同样的音连在一起时, 前面的音声去不读)【Multiple choice questions】4 What is it about? =Tell me ____ .a. what is it aboutb. what it is aboutc. what about it isd. what about is it疑问句的直接引语变间接引语要注意:①特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导②时态:主句的谓语动词是过去时时, 其从句的谓语动词应为相对应的时态③疑问句变成间接引语时, 要变成陈述句语序④人称的变化5 She tells me ______ my pictures are good or not.a. weatherb. thatc. ifd. unless unless6 Do you like my picture? It's _____ .a. a newb. one newc. new oned. a new one10 Young children often appreciate modern pictures.= They ______ them.a. estimateb. esteemc. valued. understand and enjoy9 This curtain material is very good _____ .a. clothesb. clothc. substanced. matter clothes11 They notice more. =They ______ more.a. remarkb. observec. sayd. take care12 It's upside down. It isn't ______ .a. upb. downc. the right way downd. the right way up(not the right way down = the right way up upside down与the right way up意思相反)Grammar:初一英语语法可数名词与不可数名词一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。

可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体,如worker, farmer, desk, factory 等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如people, family 等)。

如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。

不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质,如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念,如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。

二、关于可数名词名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下:1. 一般的名词词尾直接。

如: book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 结尾的名词,在词尾加。

如: bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watchesdish → dishes box → boxes3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词,要。

如: city → cities body → bodies factory → factories等等。

4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词,要.如: half → halves leaf → leaves5. 特例① child → children② man → men woman → womenpoliceman → policemen (规律:man → men)③ tomato → tomatoes potato → potatoes[ 初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es]photo → photo.④ foot → feet tooth → teeth [oo变成ee。

]⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义,要求谓语动词用复数;people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。

三、关于不可数名词1. 不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

如:The food is very fresh. 食品很新鲜。

2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义往往发生变化。

如:water (水) → waters (水域) orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子)3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数,表示种类时就可数,但意义大多不发生变化。

如:fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。

如:two apples, four books 等。

不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。

如: a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。

不可数名词前有复数"单位词"时,谓语动词要用形式。

There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有两杯茶。

注意:1.对可数名词前的修饰语提问用; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用。

如: apples are there in the box?tea is there in the cuppieces of bread are there on the plate?2.some, any, a lot of, lots of 等用来修饰可数名词还是不可数名词?There are some oranges on the desk.There is a lot of water in the bottle.二.There be 句型1、定义: There be 结构主要用以表达“某地有某人(某物)”2.基本结构:(1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.(2) There are + 复数名词+ 地点状语.3.句型变化:(1)、否定句:there be的否定式通常在be后加not。

(2)、一般疑问句及其答语:1、一般疑问句:把be动词提前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。

2、回答时,“用什么问,就用什么答”,用Is / Are there来提问,就用there is / are 来回答。

4注意要点:1、some和any在“there be”句型中的用法:some 一些(some用于肯定句)any 一些(any用于否定句和一般疑问句)所以There be句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时,要注意把句中的some变成any。

2.就近原则: there是个近视眼。

若句子中有几个并列的主语时, be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。

3、“there be”和“have”的区别There be表示“存在有”;have(has)表示“所属有”。

他们翻译为“有”,但具体用法不相同,且两种结构不能同时合用。

E.g.1、I have a book .我有一本书。

(注:书归我所有,我是书的主人。

→所属有)2、There is a book on the desk .在桌子上有一本书。

(注:书只是存在于桌子上,但书不属于桌子所有。

→存在有)4.8、常见的的介词和介词短语:介词:at 在..... in 在......里面 on 在......上面under 在......下面 behind 在......后面 near 在......附近介词短语举例:home 在家() the box 在盒子()the floor 在地板上()the tree 在树下 ( )the door 在门后面() the zoo 在动物园附近 in () of 在……前面Exercises:1. The deer has four _________.(foot)2. Her two brothers are both _________(policeman).3. There are four ___________ (Japanese) and two _________(German) in the group.4. Can you see nine _________(horse) in the picture?5. The boy has two _________ _ (watch).6. There are lots of _________(potato) in the basket.7. The cat caught( 抓住了) two__________ (mouse) last night.8. There _________ (is)some __________(milk) in the bottle.9. I want to have some __________(food).10. He gives me some __________(money) as a reward(奖赏)。

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