sentence.
What’s the difference between “which” and “as” when they refer to a whole sentence?
Structure:
As was expected, we won the game. We won the game, which/as we expected. The number of the visitors, as/which we had
• He has three sons who/that are doctors.
• He has three sons, two of whom are doctors.
• He has three sons, all of whom are doctors.
• He has three sons, none of whom are doctors.
• Compare: •China has hundreds of islands,
the largest of which is Taiwan. I like the house of which the roof is blue.
the roof of which whose roof
I need this man, who can speak English.
反应，若最初加入A和B都是4mol， A的
平均反应速率是0.12mol/(L.s)，则10s后容
器中的B的物质的量是：
(C )
A、1.6mol
B、2.8mol C、
3.2mol
D、3.6mol
比较反应速率快慢，首先转化为同种物质表示的速率
注意单位的一致性
4、反应A+3B=2C + 2D 在不同条件下反应速 率分别为：
3引导词不完全相同
• 非限制性定语从句有两个禁忌：that和why不 能引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语 从句中，that的作用由who，whom和which分 别承担。
• Yesterday I met jenny, who was very tired.
She is a girl __w_h_o_/_th_a_t is very slim and attractive. She is a girl ___(w_h_o_/_th_at) we often talk about
I, who am your best friend, believe in you.
① VA=0.15mol /(L.S) ② VB=0.6mol /(L.S) ③ VC=4mol /(L.min) ④ VD=0.15mol /(L.S) 则该反应进行的最快的是
(C )
A. ③ B. ①④ C.②③ D.② E.②④
化学反应速率是受到浓度条件影响
5、在温度、体积不变的容器中进行反
I live in Nanjing , ____w__h_i_c_h
lies on the Changjiang River.
I live in Nanjing, ____w__h_e_r_e_/i_n which
you can find many places of interest.
Compare:
度变为0.8mol/L，测得这段时间内，平均速率 v(c)=0.6mol/ (L.min),则化学反应方程式中n值为
__3___， v(b)=__0_._2___mol/(L.min)。
2、某温度时，在2L容器中， x、y、z三种物质随时间的变 化曲线如图所示。由图中数 据分析，该反应的化学方程
物 1.0
=for he
I will take this one, which seems to be the best one.
=for it
They gave us the design for free, which was a very good one.
=though it
Compare: He told me a story, which is already known to all. He came late, which made the teacher angry. He missed the movie, which was a great pity.
This is such an interesting book _a_s__ interests all students.
This is so difficult a question _a__s_ no one can work out.
He is so popular a person _a_s_ we all like to talk with.
• Beijing,which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.
• This is the dictionary which helps me a lot.
2 意义不同
一般情况下，限制性定语从句是用来限制先 行词的意思，与先行词关系紧密，如果去掉的 话会使句子意思不明确；而非限制性定语从句 与先行词关系松散，常对先行词起附加说明的 作用，即使去掉也不影响句子的主要意思。
= and it
“which” can be used to refer to __t_he_w__h_o_le__ _s_en_t_e_n_ce__.
1. He is a hard working student, _a_s_ we all know.
2. He has won first prize, _a_s__ we all expected.
外界条件对反应速率的影响
3.温度的影响 结论：当其他条件不变时，
升高温度,可以加快化学反应速率；
降低温度,可以减慢化学反应速率。
通常情况下，温度每升高或降低10摄氏度， 反应速率增大或降低2~4倍。
外界条件对反应速率的影响
4.催化剂的影响
结论：当其他条件不变时， 使用正催化剂,可加快化学反应速率； 使用负催化剂,可减慢化学反应速率。
3、因此化学反应速率的表示必须说明用哪种物质来做 标准。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
某密闭容器中只含2mol/L和1mol/L的H2和N2，在 一定条件下发生化学反应，5秒后发现NH3的浓度 为1mol/L,分别求N2、H2和NH3的速率？
外界条件对反应速率的影响 1.浓度的影响
结论：当其他条件不变时， 增加反应物的浓度,可加快化学反应速率； 降低反应物的浓度,可减慢化学反应速率。
3. _A__s_ we hoped, he came to help us. 4. A__s_ was planned, the work was finished
on time.
5. The number of the visitors, _a_s__we had
expected, was over 200. “as” can be used to refer to a whole
expected, was over 200.
Meaning: “as” means: 正如…一样
We won the game, which we hadn’t expected.
as
He is such a clever boy _a_s__ can solve all the questions.
I bought the same car _a_s_ he is driving.
What is the difference between the restrictive attributive clauses and the non-restrictive clauses?
1.形式不同
• 限制性定语从句和先行词之间不用逗号隔开； 非限制性定语从句与先行词之间要用逗号隔开。
强调：对于固体和纯液体来说，浓度都是不变的，固 体和纯液体的量对于化学反应速率几乎不产生影响。
外界条件对反应速率的影响
2.压强的影响
仅适用于有气体参加的反应 结论：当其他条件不变时， 增加体系的压强，可以加快化学反应
速率；（相当于增大浓度） 降低体系的压强，可以减慢化学反应
速率。（相当于减小浓度）
Mr Smiths, whose wife teaches singing, is a teacher of piano.
• Compare:
• The old man has a son who/that
is a doctor.
那个老人有一个18岁的儿子。 •(定语从句起限定作用；老人还可能有其他儿子。 )
外界条件对反应速率的影响
5.固体表面积
结论：当其它条件不变时，增大接触面积 加快化学反应的速率；
减少反应物的接触面积，可减慢化学反应 的速率。
外界条件对反应速率的影响
6.其他因素的影响 如： 光、颗粒大小（反应物的接
触面积）、溶剂等
速率比→计量系数比
1、某化合物A的蒸气1mol充入0.5L容器中加热分解： 2A(g)=B(g)+nC(g)，反应到3min时，容器内A的浓
The old man has a son,who is a
doctor.
那老人有一个儿子，今年18岁。
（定语从句起补充说明作用；老人只有一个儿子。）
Compare:
Nanjing is a city ____th_a__t/_w_h_ich
lies on the Changjiang River.
问1：若用O2的浓度变化来表示此反应速
率是多少？
v(O2)=0.0025mol/(L·s)