九年级人教版英语学习笔记Revised final draft November 26, 2020Unit 1 How can we become good learners1、How引导的特殊疑问句：①询问方式或手段：“怎样”如：How do you study English?---I study by reading aloud.②用于彼此间打招呼、问候、询问身体状况：如：How do you do---How do you doHow are you---I’m fine/ well/ Ok.③询问天气或程度：如：How’s the weather?=What’s the weather like?----It’s sunny/ cloudy/raining.④询问年龄：如：How old is she?=What’s her age?---She is 15 (years old)⑤征求意见或建议用：How about= What about + n/ 代词/ V-ing.如：How about _______(play) basketball?⑥询问频率用：How often如：How often do you exercise---Once a day.⑦询问可数名词的数量用：How many如：How many students are there in your class?---There are 50 students in our class⑧询问不可数名词的数量用：How much.如：How much meat ____(be) there in the fridge?---Only a little.此外：How much还可以用于询问价格。
How much is your coat---It’s 50 yuan.注：询问价格用：How much is/ are sth = What’s the price of sth?东西有贵(expensive = dear)贱(cheap = inexpensive)，价格(price)有高(high)低(low)如：This coat is very cheap.The price of this coat is very low.⑨询问次数用：How many times“多少次”如：How many times do you go to the park a week?----Three times.⑩询问长度、时间长短用：How long如：How long is the boat----About 3 meters.How long will you stay there?---For 2 days注：用How long提问，用：For+时间段或since+时间点回答（其中，for可以省略）。
⑾询问将来时间多久用：How soon如：How soon will you come back?---I’ll be back in ten minutes.注：用How soon提问，用：In+时间段回答。
⑿询问距离远近用：How far “多远”如：How far is it from your home to school?---It’s about 2 kilometers (away) It’s about 10 minutes’ walk/ ride.It’s about 10—minute walk/ ride. 2、V + by + V-ing ：表示方式，手段。
“靠做…怎么样”如：How do you study English?----I study by __________(listen) to tapes.3、voice, noise, sound的区别：“声音”①voice：主要指人的笑声、歌声、说话声。
强调人的“嗓音”，多指乐音。
如：Her voice sounds very sweet.②noise：指“嗓音”，其形容词是noisy.如：Don’t make so much noise, father is sleeping③sound：指“物体”的声音”，自然界的一切声音。
如：The sweetest sound in the world is birds’ singing.4、too, also, either, as well的区别：①too：用于肯定句，放在句末，且前面有逗号。
如：I like apples, too.②either：用于否定句。
如：I don’t like oranges, either.③also：用于肯定句，放在句中。
置于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。
如：I can also swim.I also like pears④as well：用于肯定句，放在句末，但前面没有逗号。
如：I like apples as well.5、little, a little, few, a few的区别：①有a表示肯定，“有”，无a表示否定，“没有”；②little修饰不可数名词，few修饰可数名词。
如：Can you speak English---Yes, only____A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few6、find的用法：①find sb do sth 发现某人做…(全过程)②find sb doing sth发现某人做…(正在发生)③find + 宾语+adj 发现…怎么样如：He finds watching movies ___ __(interest) .此外：find还有：Sb find it + adj + to do sth “某人发现做…怎么样” (此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式)如：I find it easy to study English well.7、-ed型adj和-ing型adj的区别：-ed型形容词修饰人；-ing型形容词修饰物。
如：The __________(excite) news makes us __________(excite)8、疑问词+不定式作宾语如：I don’t know how to do it.I don’t know what to do.注：用how+不定式作宾语时，how后面的动词后面必须有词（间接宾语）如：Can you tell me how to use computer?9、instead和instead of的区别：“代替，相反，而不是”①instead：放在句首或句末。
如：We didn’t go fishing, we went to the park instead.②instead of：放在句中，of是介词，后接名词，代词，动名词。
如：We go to the park instead of going fishing.10、①watch/see/ hear/ notice/ find sb do sth （强调动作的全过程）②watch/see/ hear/ notice/ find sb doing sth （强调动作正在发生）如：I watched them _____(play)football on the playground this morning.I saw them ______(play) football whenI got to school.11、动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。
如：Reading ____(be) interesting for me.Helping others ______(make) me happy.12、It + be + adj + to do sth 做某事怎么样（It 做形式主语，动词不定式做真正的主语）如：It’s easy ________(study) English well.注：It + be + adj + for/ of sb+ to do sth 对某人来说，做某事怎么样选择for或of的关键是看：adj①若adj修饰人（sb）,用of；如：It’s very nice of you to help me.(此句为表示感谢的句子，相当于Thank you，用You’re welcome 或That’s all right 来回答)②若adj修饰物（to do sth），用for如：It’s very important for us to study English well.13、adj修饰名词，adv修adj/ adv/ v如：We should study __________(happy)This is ______(she) book.14、have some trouble / problems/ difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难如：I have some trouble ______(learn) grammar15、adj和adv的比较级和最高级：比较级：er结尾或more+原形最高级：est结尾或most+原形a. adj/ adv变为比较级和最高级的规则：①一般在adj/ adv词尾加er/ est.②以字母e结尾的加r/ st.③以辅音字母加y结尾的，先变y为i，再加er/ est.如：friendly—friendlier—friendliest④以重读闭音节结尾的，则先双写最后一个字母，再加er/ est.如: hot--hotter—hottest; thin--thinner—thinnestbig—bigger---biggest注：什么是重读闭音节：以“一个辅音字母+一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾，且最后两个发音发元音音素和辅音因素的词。
⑤以ly结尾的adv，除了early，加more/ most.如：slowly---more slowly---most slowly 注：early---earlier---earliest⑥多音节或部分双音节词，在前面加more/ most.如：outgoing, beautiful, outgoing, famous, creative注：fun—more fun—most fun①若甲=乙，用“as+原级+as”表示“前者与后者一样”如：Tom is as tall as Jim.②若甲<乙，用“not as/ so+原级+as”表示“前者不如后者”如：This apple is not as/ so big as that one.d. adj/ adv比较级的考点：①出现than用比较级。