不规则动词变化表：( 原形→过去式→过去分词)be(am,is)was been lose lost lostbe(are)were been make made madebeat beat beaten may mightbecome became become mean meant meantbegin began begun meet met metblow blew blown mistake mistook mistaken break broke broken must mustbring brought brought pay paid paidbuild built built put put putbuy bought bought read read Readcan could ride rode riddencatch caught caught ring rang rungchoose chose chosen rise rose risencome came come run ran runcost cost cost say said saidcut cut cut see saw seendig dug dug sell sold solddo did done send sent sentdraw drew drawn set set setdrink drank drunk shall shoulddrive drove driven shine shone shoneeat ate eaten show showed shownfall fell fallen shut shut shutfeel felt felt sing sang sungfind found found sink sank/sunk sunk/sunken fly flew flown sit set setforget forgot forgot/forgotten sleep slept sleptfreeze froze frozen smell smelt smeltget got got speak spoke spokengive gave given spend spent spentgo went gone spill spilt spiltgrow grew grown spoil spoilt spoilthang hung/hanged hung/hanged stand stood stoodhave(has) had had sweep swept swepthear heard heard swim swam swumhide hid hidden take took takenhit hit hit teach taught taughthold held held tell told toldhurt hurt hurt think thought thoughtkeep kept kept throw threw thrownknow knew known understand understood understood lay laid laid wake woke/waked woken/waked learn learnt/learned learnt/learned wear wore wornleave left left will wouldlend lent lent win won wonlet let let write wrote wittenlie lay lain名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。

现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：规则例词1一般情况在词尾加-s清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音和元音后读/z/map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es读/iz/class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches,dish-dishes3以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives,wife-wives, half-halves加-s chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es 读party-parties, family-families, story-stories,city-cities5以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays,Henry-Henrys6以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-esNegro-Negroes, hero-heroes, potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos,kilo-kilos, solo-solos两者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：规则例词1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice2单复数相同sheep, deer, means, works, fish, yuan, jin, 3只有复数形式trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, 4一些集体名词总是用作复数people, police5部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）class, family, crowd, couple, group, government,population, team, public, party6复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜)7表示“某国人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks,Swedes, Europeans单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen8合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers,boy friends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 将两部分变为复数women singers, men servants代词可以分为以下七大类：1人称代词主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them2物主代词形容词性my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs3反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 4指示代词this, that, these, those, such, some5疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever6关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as7不定代词one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little,other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either动词(主动语态)的时态变化一览表：现在时态一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时现在完成时谓语动词构成动词用原形(单三加s / es)(问句和否定句借用助词do / does)amis +动词-ingarewill + 动词原形amis +going to+动原arehave +过分has过去时态一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时谓语动词构成动词用过去式(问句和否定句借用助词did)was+V-ingwerewould + 动词原形was+going to+动原werehad +过去分词。