GbE and 10GbE
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Wave-1 allows up to 80 MHz channel bonding
802.11n can bond up to 40 MHz
Controller Discovery Order • Layer 2 join procedure attempted on LWAPP APs (CAPWAP does not support Layer 2 APs) Broadcast message sent to discover controller on a local subnet
802.11ac 性能 智能手机 210 Mbps*
第一代产品
平板电脑 460 Mbps*
* 假设 ~70% MAC 层效率
高端笔记本电脑 680 Mbps*
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1.73 Gbps 4 256 QAM 20, 40, 80 MHz Multi User a, n, ac
2.6 Gbps 3 256 QAM 20, 40, 80, 80+80, 160 MHz Multi User a, n, ac
3.5 Gbps 4 256 QAM 20, 40, 80, 80+80, 160 MHz Multi User a, n, ac
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WEP
WPA WPA2
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• 有限等效加密（RC4）
• 802.11i 标准的前期版本(RC4) • 通常使用TKIP方式进行加密 • 802.11i 标准最终版本 • 通常使用AES进行加密
Measured Strength
指纹采集）
• 在实际位置计算中RSSI计算+指纹对比会
D1
取得更好的精度
D3
D2
Signal sent by Tag or Clients
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• CAPWAP: Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points is used
between APs and WLAN controller and based on LWAPP
• CAPWAP carries control and data traffic between the two
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*符合802.11ac标准的产品会分成两个阶段进入市场 ，即1代和2代产品 * 两个阶段的产品都需要不同的芯片，因此需要新的硬件。 特性 第一代 – 2013 第二代 – 2014/2015
802.11n 标准
2.4 GHz and 5 GHz 65 Mbps – 600Mbps 45 Mbps – 420Mbps 4 64 QAM
802.11ac
5 GHz only 290 Mbps - 6.9Gbps 194 Mbps - 4.8 Gbps 8 256 QAM
信道宽度
MIMO 类型 802.11 协议支持
Measured Strength S3
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• 在定位计算中要考虑多径效应 • 在部署完成后需要进行RF校准（即所谓的
Wi-Fi Access Point
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无线网络架构
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Third Party Server
Management Station (Client Browser)
至少3颗AP能够侦听到客户端，每个AP都会 检测到客户端的RSSI值。通过后台的函数 算法来确认客户端的位置。
Wi-Fi Access Point #1
Derived D2
Measured Strength S2 D1 D2
Wi-Fi Access Point #2
D3
Derived D3
Wi-Fi Access Point #3
Wi-Fi联盟（全称：国际Wi-Fi联盟组织），英语：Wi-Fi Alliance，简称WFA），是一 个商业联盟，拥有 Wi-Fi的商标，网址为 Wi-Fi CERTIFIED是国际公认的产品认证标准，表示产品在互操作性、安全性和一系 列应用专有协议方面，达到了行业认同的标准。
无线网络培训
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2.4G有三个非干扰信道为1，6，11，所以一般不在2.4G频段开启40Mhz信道捆绑
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
A WIFI device seen by one AP could be located on anywhere in this circle
When a device is seen by two AP then location must be in this line
When a device is seen by four AP then location must be at this point.
5
802.11ac – 千兆无线网
• 驱动力
–高密度客户端部署， BYOD 和移动设备在网络中的爆炸 性增长 –日益增长的视频流量（尤其是高清是视频）对带宽的需 求
8SS
–增加性能和吞吐
1SS
2013 1997
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SOAP/XML/REST over HTTP/HTTPS
Location API via SOAP/XML, and REST over HTTPS
WLC
WLC
AP
Wireless Clients
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20, 40 MHz
Single User MIMO b,g,n and a,n
20, 40, 80, 80+80, 160 MHz
Multi User MIMO a, ac, n
* : MAC throughput calculated @ 70% the defined PHY capability
Control plane is DTLS encrypted Data plane is DTLS encrypted (optional)
• LWAPP-enabled access points can discover and join a CAPWAP controller,
and conversion to a CAPWAP controller is seamless
5725 MHz
Special OOBE must be met
149 153 157 161 165 169 173 177 181
UNII-3 5825 MHz 5925 MHz
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PHY 数据速率 空间流数量 调制方式 信道宽度 MIMO类型 802.11 协议支持 以太网上连
1.3 Gbps 3 256 QAM 20, 40, 80 MHz Single User a, n, ac GbE
1.3 Gbps 3 256 QAM 20, 40, 80 MHz Multi User a, n, ac
Accuracy highest when a device is seen by at least 4 Access points
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• CAPWAP is not supported on Layer 2 mode deployment
Access Point Wi-Fi Client Data Plane Business Application
CAPWAP
Controller
Control Plane
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