个性化教学设计方案教师姓名上课日期学生姓名年级学科课题学习目标教学重、难点师生活动设计意向教学过程初中英语冠词的分类和用法讲解不定冠词的用法冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。

英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the DefiniteArticle），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。

不定冠词a（an）与数词one 同源，是“一个”的意思。

a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。

1）表示“一个”，意为one；指某人或某物，意为 a certain。

A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.2）代表一类人或物。

A knife is a tool for cutting with.Mr. Smith is an engineer.3）词组或成语。

a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那（这）个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。

1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Take the medicine.把药吃了。

2）上文提到过的人或事：He bought a house.I’ve been to the house.他买了幢房子。

我去过那幢房子。

3）指世上独一物二的事物：the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth4）单数名词连用表示一类事物：如：the dollar 美元；the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人；the living 生者。

5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：Where do you live？I live on the second floor. 你住在哪？我住在二层。

那正是我要找的东西。

That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for.6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师）They are teachers of this school. （指部分教师）7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：她抓住了我的手臂。

She caught me by the arm……8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：中华人民共和国the People’s Republic of Chinathe United States美国9）用在表示乐器的名词之前：She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。

10）用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the Greens格林一家人（或格林夫妇）11）用在惯用语中：in the day，in the morning （afternoon，evening），the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday，the next morning，in the sky （water，field，country）in the dark，in the rain，in the distance，in the middle （of），in the end，on the whole，by the way，go to the theatre零冠词的用法1）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary；2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；They are teachers. 他们是教师。

3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。

4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠第一卷选择题（60分）一. 选出能替代划线部分的正确答案。

（1×5）1. Lucy is wearing a red coat today.A. inB. putting onC. at2. The box is very heavy .A. lightB. not lightC. not heavy3. I would like to have a cup of tea.A. wantB. is likeC. look like4. Have some water, please.A. EatB. WantC. Drink5. He is at work.A. workingB. to workC. go to work二. 单项选择，从各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入题中空白处的正确答案。

（1×15）6. Tom, you must __________ your things.A. lookB. look atC. look afterD. look like7. It's five in the afternoon. It's time __________.A. to go to schoolB. go to schoolC. to go homeD. go home.8. ------ What's Jim doing?------ He's __________ a book.A. seeingB. readingC. watchingD. looking9. There are __________ on the floor.A. four bags of riceB. four bag of riceC. four bags riceD. four bag rice10. These photos are his. They aren't __________.A. myB. herC. meD. mine11. ------ __________ they __________ an English class?------ No, they aren't.A. Are, havingB. Are, haveC. Do, haveD. Can, have12. Where's my school bag ? I can't ___________ it.A. look atB. findC. look forD. find out13. ------What's that woman?------__________?A. She' 40.B. She' fine.C. She's a teacher.D. She's tall.14. There ___________ a pen and two pencils in the pencils.A. areB. isC. hasD. have15. _________ can you see on the table?A. How many orangeB. How much bottles of orangeC. How many bottle of orangeD. How many bottles of orange16. These are your socks, you must __________.A. put away themB. to put away themC. put them awayD. to put them away17. This bag of rice is too heavy ? Can you __________ it?A. takeB. carryC. getD. put18. Can you play _________ or _________?A. basketball, volleyballB. the basketball, volleyballC. basketballs, volleyballsD. a basketball, a volleyball19. There is __________ rice in the pot.A. not someB. no anyC. not muchD. not many20. ------__________?------ Yes, some apples, please.A. What do you wantB. Nice to meet youB. How are you D. Can I help you三. 阅读理解.（2×15）（ A ）Li Ming is a kind boy. He is going to the zoo. Now he is waiting for abus at the bus stop. Suddenly he finds a watch on the ground. He asks somepeople, "Whose watch is it?" But the watch isn't theirs. So he gives it tothe policeman.Now Li Ming gets on the bus. There are many people in it. He is sittingnear the window. An old woman gets on the bus. She has no seat. So Li Mingstands up and says," Here is a seat for you, Granny. Please sit here."根据短文内容，判断正误。

正确的写T，错误的写 F.21. Li Ming is going to the park.22. Li Ming gives the watch to a policeman.23. There aren't many people in the bus.24. Li Ming is sitting near the door.25. Li Ming stands up and gives his seat to the old granny.( B )Look! That is our school. It is very nice. There are many trees and many flowers in our school garden (花园). Our school is not big. There are fifteen classes in our school. There are about fifty students in every class. We h ave forty teachers and we have one headmaster (校长). The headmaster is Liu Ming.In class, we listen to our teachers carefully (认真地). We s tudy hard.After class, we often play basketball or football. Our school like is verynice. We like our school, our headmaster, our teachers and our class.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。