2013年高考英语试题单项选择解析福建卷【2013福建21】The “Chinese Dream” is _______ dream to improve people’s well-being and _______ dream of harmony, peace and development.A. the; aB. a; aC. a; theD. the; the【答案】B【解析】考查冠词。
句意:“中国梦”是一个改善民生的梦想,是一个和谐、和平与发展的梦想。
根据句意两空都用不定冠词表示泛指。
【语言学习】well-being幸福,康乐;harmony协调,和睦,调和live in perfect harmony with与……和谐相处The conversation should be in harmony with the surroundings. 谈话的内容应该与周围的环境相协调。
We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment. 我们必须确保旅游的发展与环境相协调。
【2013福建22】_______ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having knownC. KnowingD. Being known【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句中谓语为will help,空格处为主语,动词做主语用动名词。
句意:了解基本的急救技巧将帮助快速反应紧急情况。
【语言学习】respond1. 作答,答复She responded briefly to the questions. 她对这些问题作了简要的答复。
2. 响应;做出反应How did the editor respond to our suggestion? 编辑对我们的建议反应如何?He responded to our suggestion with a smile. 他对我们的建议一笑置之。
3. 有反应;(药物等)有效He responded quickly to the new medicine. 他服了这种新药很快就有效。
【2013福建23】The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited【答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。
题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as之前的musician,故谓语使用单数;句中信息at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo表明时态用一般过去时态。
句意:那位著名音乐家,以及他的学生被邀请参加开幕式的2012台北花卉博览会。
【语言学习】perform1. 进行;完成The doctor performed the operation yesterday. 昨天大夫进行了一例手术。
2. 执行;履行One should always perform what one promises. 一个人应该说到做到。
3. 演出;表演;演奏I have never seen Beijing Opera performed so brilliantly. 我从来没看过京剧表演得如此精彩。
4. 运行;表现Our team performed very well in the yesterday's games. 在昨天的运动会上我们队表现出色。
【2013福建24】Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _______ spending quite a lot of time with students.A. enjoysB. involvesC. practicesD. suggests【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。
involve需要,包含,包括。
句意:米歇尔找到一份做高中教师的工作,需花很多时间与学生在一起。
【语言学习】involve1. 牵涉,牵连,使卷入;使陷入(麻烦、困境等)to be involved in a scandal卷入丑闻to be involved in the trouble陷入麻烦2. 使参与;使参加to involve employees in the management使职员参与管理3. 包含,含有,包括This project involves much difficulty.这一项目有许多困难。
4. 需要;必需a project which involves years of work一项需要若干年工作的工程5. 使专心于;使忙于;使从事于to be involved in research忙于研究【2013福建25】The Forbidden City attracts a _______ stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.A. constantB. mainC. powerfulD. shallow【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。
constant持续不断的。
shallow浅的;肤浅的。
句意:紫禁城每天都会吸引源源不断的客流,尤其是在国庆节假期。
【语言学习】constant不变的;恒定的;经常的Constant indulgence in bad habits brought about his ruin. 经常沉溺于恶习导致了他的毁灭。
Constant vigilance is necessary in order to avoid accidents. 为了避免意外事故,必须经常保持警惕。
【2013福建26】The girl has a great interest in sport and _______ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.A. tookB. is takingC. takesD. has been taking【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。
句中结构over the last three years表示空格处用完成时态。
句意:这个女孩对运动很有兴趣,在过去三年中每周两次羽毛球课。
【2013福建27】The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______ lives were affected.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。
从句中those为先行词,定语从句中缺少lives的定语,用whose。
句意:这本书从那些生活因地震受到影响的人们角度讲述地震故事。
【2013福建28】Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters. A. turn down B. turn out C. break down D. break out【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
break down出故障,分解。
turn down调小,拒绝;turn out结果证明……;break out爆发。
句意:当发生灾难无线网络无法用的时候,老式的电话就有作用了。
【语言学习】与turn, break相关的动词词组1. “turn on”打开,使高兴、兴奋;“turn off”关上电视、收音机、自来水等,扫某人兴致;“turn over”打翻,移交(turn over to);“turn to”向某人寻求帮助;“turn down”拒绝,将电视、收音机、自来水等的开关扭小些;“turn away”拒绝进入某地;“turn out”结果是,证明为;“turn up”出现,出席,到达,将电视、收音机、自来水等的开关扭大些。
Some girls turn on easily. This music really turns me off.2. “break down”机器出故障,谈判破裂,身体或精神衰弱,分解句子或化学成分等;“break out”战争,疾病,暴乱等突然发生;“break up”瓦解,分散人群,关系的破裂等;“break in”强行进入,打断谈话等;“break though”突破,克服;“break away from”脱离;“break into”闯入建筑物,突然发出(大笑)等;“break with”与…断交。
【2013福建29】Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always ______ whenever she tries to.A. in the wayB. on watchC. in sightD. on the line【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语。
in the way挡道,妨碍。
句意:史密斯夫人发现很难收拾那些乱七八糟的东西,因为每当想要做的时候她的那些孩子总是妨碍她。
【语言学习】on watch值班,监视;in sight在即,看得见,被看到;on the line处于危险中,模棱两可,在电话线上。
1. Suddenly the man on watch shouted, Look out! Iceberg! Iceberg! Iceberg in front! 突然,负责的人喊到:“注意!冰山!冰山就在前面!”2. Free-trade negotiations between India and Japan have dragged on for years, with no deal in sight. 印度和日本自由贸易的协商已经拖滞了数年,没有可以预见的交易达成。
【2013福建30】—Do you think George has passed the driving test?—No. If so, he _______ his car to our college yesterday.A. would driveB. droveC. would have drivenD. had driven【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。