绝密 ★ 启用前咸阳市第一中学2018-2019学年上学期高一第一次月考试卷英 语 （A ）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
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第Ⅰ卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和D ）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AIt has long been thought that elephants rely on their large ears and bathing in rivers to stay cool in hot climates. New research ，however ，has showed that the world's largest land animals have a secret trick of controlling their body temperatures.Scientists have long been puzzled by temperature regulation(调节)in elephants. Generally ，animals with large bodies tend to hold more heat because ，compared to their size ，they have a small surface area for heat to escape from. Elephants ，with their heavy-weight frames ，would appear to be at a disadvantage in the heat of their African and Asian habitats ，especially because they have thick fur to protect them from bushes and trees.Scientists thought that these creatures ，which weigh up to 13 tons when fully-grown ，grow large ears to help them stay cool. The skin on the ears is thinner ，so blood which flows into them cools down more easily. But findings by researchers at two universities in Vienna have showed that elephants are also able to cool down by increasing the blood flow to skin patches(斑) in other parts of their bodies.The researchers studied six African elephants at Vienna Zoo as they moved between outdoor and indoor environments to see how the temperature on their skin surface would change. They found up to 15“hot spots” all over an elephant's body surface ，in addition to large patches on the ears. The study shows how these patches expand as the air temperature increases and more blood flows nearer to the skin surface. Other experiments show that elephants in the wild use the same “windows” to control their body temperature.Elephants have two additional ways to stay cool: flapping(拍打)the ears and bathing. Together with these tricks ，the skin hot spots allow the animals to keep their body temperature always at about 36degrees —one degree less than humans'.21. What can we know about the elephants? A. They have thick fur to protect them. B. They live in cool areas in Africa and Asia. C. They can weigh up to 3 tons when fully-grown. D. They are afraid of water and rivers.22. The function of the thinner skin on elephants' ears is to________. A. control their body temperature B. help hold more heat C. drive away insects D. keep sensitive hearing 23. The new research________. A. studied six Asian elephantsB. studied elephants in a zoo and in the wildC. aimed to discover the elephants' disadvantagesD. proved that scientists' earlier beliefs were totally trueBMySpace ，the social networking website ，is different from other websites which only provide stories about other people. MySpace is a place that allows you to broadcast your own stories and personal information to as many people as you like. Started two years ago ，it is a big source of information for and about American kids.Teenagers and their parents feel very different about it. Teens are rushing to join the site ，not sharing their parents’ worries. It signals yet another generation gap in the digital era.For teenagers ，it is reliable network to keep in touch with their friends. They will often list their surnames ，birthdays ，after-school jobs ，school clubs ，hobbies and other personal information.“MySpace is an easy way to reach just about everyone. I don’t have all the phone numbers of my acquaintances. But if I want to get in touch with one of them ，I could just leave them a message on MySpace ，”said Abby Van Wassen. She is a 16-year-old student at Woodland Hills High of Pittsburgh ，Pennsylvania.Parents on the other hand are seriously concerned about the security problems of MySpace. “Every time we hold a parents meeting ，the first question is always about MySpace ，”said Kent Gates ，who travels the country doing Internet safety seminars(研讨会)．The National Centre for Missing and Exploited Children此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号has received at least 288 MySpace - related complaints，according to Mary Beth Buchanan，a lawyer in Pittsburgh.“Your profile on MySpace shows all y our personal information to anyone on the Web. And MySpace even lists this information by birthplace and age. It’s like a free checklist for troublemakers and it endangers children，” Buchanan said.24. From the passage, we can learn that MySpace ________.A. brings about the generation gapB. is very careful about people’s privacyC. encourages you to list your personal informationD. lists the telephone numbers of your friends25．Why are some parents against MySpace?A. Because they think MySpace has a bad influence on their children.B. Because they don’t want to pay so much money for MySpace.C. Because it takes up too much of their children’s spare time.D. Because troublemakers can easily reach their children through the site.26．What can we infer from “Every time we hold a parents meeting，the first question is always about MySpace”？A. MySpace has become a top problem troubling parents.B. MySpace often holds parents meetings.C. MySpace is quite popular with parents.D. Parents have lots of questions about the website.27．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A. Internet SafetyB. MySpaceC. Generation GapD. The Digital EraCKids are natural scientists. That may be why they ask so many questions.Younger kids take up science and math with amazing enthusiasm，yet as they get older they often lose their excitement. Children look on scientific exploration as play，but as they get older they start to connect it with big heavy books，long worksheets and a lot of really confusing words.What a tragedy！We had their attention，they were listening，they were participating，they were learning and then we lost it to boredom.We need our kids to play more. More play brings up basic scientific concepts(概念)．Being familiar with basic scientific concepts brings about exploration which leads to research. Once they are researching，they are completely into the learning.My boys built a small 9-hole golf course next to our driveway one day. It was a great product of science. They dug out the holes and channels to guide the golf ball. They played with architecture(建筑学)with a series of pipes they had found in the garage. They tested speed and momentum(动量)by creating one of the holes across the driveway. They experienced biology when deciding which front yard plants could be used as a part of the course and which needed to be pulled up.If I had sent them out to the yard to build a 9-hole golf course，it would have never happened. It was because it was their idea that it worked. I try to tell them some of the concepts after the fact. When they ask about something，I try to relate it back to something they have built，experienced，or felt. I try to give them a vocabulary around what they already know.An afternoon can change the way kids look at the world. Not bad for a day of play.28. What can we learn about kids' attitudes towards science from the first three paragraphs?A. Kids think they are born to work as scientists.B. Younger kids begin to learn science on purpose.C. Older kids often link science with boring things.D. Children's taking an interest in science is a tragedy.29.By building the small golf course，the writer's boys learnt about all of the following thingsEXCEPT________.A. speedB. momentumC. biologyD. agriculture30.If the writer had forced the boys to build a small golf course，they might have _______.A. asked her some related scientific conceptsB. made a better golf course than the one they had builtC. asked their friends to help them with the workD. got bored and refused to follow the writer's directions31. In which part of a newspaper is the article probably included?A．Architecture. B. Education. C．Health. D. Sports.DNot all think laughter is the best medicine, but it seems to help. So scientists carried on a new study of diabetes (糖尿病) patients who were given a good dose of humor for a year to prove it.Researchers divided 20 high-risk diabetic patients into two groups. Both groups were given standard diabetes medicine. Group L viewed 30 minutes of humor of their choice，while Group C，the control group，did not. This went on for a year of treatments.By two months into the study，the patients in the laughter group had lower level of the hormones epinephrine (肾上腺素)，considered to cause stress，which is known to be deadly. After the 12 months，HDL cholesterol rises 26 percent in Group L but only 3 percent in Group C．In another measure，C-reactive proteins，a maker of heart disease，drop 66 percent in the laughter group but only 26 percent in the control group.“The best doctors believe that there is a physical good brought about by the positive emotion，happy laughter，”said study leader Lee Berk of Loma Linda University. And other research has found that humor makes us more hopeful. Still，more study is needed，Berk said. The research by Berk found that humor can bring about similar changes in body chemistry，which was proved in the new study. The research。