Part IＶ:CｏmｍｏｎｌｙUsｅd ＰrofesｓionalＴerms ｏf Civil Eｎgｉｎｅeｒｉｎｇｄevelopment orｇａnizａtion 建设单位deｓigｎoｒganｉzａtｉｏn 设计单位ｃｏnstrucｔｉｏn oｒganizatｉoｎ施工单位reiｎforced concreｔe钢筋混凝土piｌｅ桩stｅｅl ｓtructuｒｅ钢结构aｌumiｎium aｌlｏy 铝合金maｓonｒｙ砌体（工程）reinforcｅd~ 配筋砌体lｏaｄ-bearｉng～承重砌体ｕnreinfoｒced ~非配筋砌体peｒmissiｂlｅstress(ａlloｗablｅsｔress) 容许应力pｌywood 胶合板ｒｅtainiｎg waｌl挡土墙finiｓｈ装修finishing ｍatｅrial装修材料vｅｎｔilaｔion 通风ｎａturaｌ~ 自然通风meｃhaｎｉcal~ 机械通风diａphrａgm waｌl (contｉnuｏus cｏｎcrｅte ｗａll)地下连续墙villa 别墅mｏmｅnt of inｅrtiａ惯性矩torque 扭矩stｒesｓ应力noｒmａl ～法向应力ｓｈeaｒ~ 剪应力strain应变ageｈardｅning 时效硬化air-conｄiｔioniｎg ｓyｓtｅｍ空调系统(aｉr)vｏid ｒation(土）空隙比albery壁厨，壁龛a l merｙ壁厨，贮藏室aｎchoｒage length锚固长度antiseismic joint 防震缝arcｈitｅｃturaｌapｐearance 建筑外观aｒchitectural ａrea 建筑面积arｃhitectural ｄesign 建筑设计fiａshinｇ泛水woｒkaｂｉlity （pｌａceabiliｔy) 和易性safeｔyｇlａss安全玻璃tempered glasｓ(reinfｏｒｃed glａss) 钢化玻璃fｏamed glａsｓ泡沫玻璃asｐhalt沥青fｅｌt(malｔhｏid）油毡rivｅｔed connecｔion 铆接welｄing焊接ｓｃrｅwed conｎection 螺栓连接ｏａkum麻刀,麻丝tee三通管tap存水弯esｔhetics美学foｒmwoｒk 模板(工程）shoｒｉnｇ支撑bａtchｉｎg 配料ｓlｉpfoｒm consｔｒｕｃtion(ｓlipformiｎg) 滑模施工ｌfit－slaｂｃonｓｔructｉon 升板法施工ｍａss ｃoncrete大体积混凝土teｒrａｚzo水磨石constructioｎjoint 施工缝honｅycomb蜂窝,空洞,麻面piｌed foｕｎｄation桩基ｄeeｐｆoundatｉon 深基础ｓhallow fｏundａtiｏn浅基础foｕｎdatioｎdeptｈ基础埋深pad fouｎｄａｔion独立基础ｓｔｒip foundaｔion 条形基础ｒaｆt foｕndatioｎ筏基boxｆoｕndatiｏn箱形基础BSMT=bａｓeｍent 地下室lift电梯ｅｌｅctric eｌevaｔorlift well电梯井escaｌator 自动扶梯Pｏｉssｏn’s ｒａtiｏ泊松比μＹoｕng’s modulus, modulｕs of eｌaｓtiｃiｔy 杨氏模量,弹性模量E safｅtｙcoeｆficient 安全系数fatiｇue ｆaｉlure疲劳破坏beａｒｉng caｐaciｔy of foｕnｄａtioｎs地基承载力beａｒinｇcａｐａcity of a pｉｌｅ单桩承载力ｔwo-wａy－ｒeｉnforcement 双向配筋reinforced coｎcrete two-way slabs钢筋混凝土双向板sｉnｇlｅwａy sｌａb单向板winｄow bｌind 窗帘sun blｉndwiｎd load 风荷载curing 养护ｗaｔertighｔconcrete 防水混凝土whiｔe cｅｍenｔ白水泥separａtｉng of conｃrｅte混凝土离折ｓeｇreｇａtion of concrete ｍoｒtar 砂浆~ joint灰缝pilaｓｔeｒ壁柱fire raｔｉng耐火等级fire bｒick 耐火砖stａndarｄｂriｃk标准砖tｅrra cotta琉璃瓦mosａic 马赛克ｃeramiｃｍosａic陶瓷锦砖，马赛克，ceraｍiｃmosaｉc tileceｒamic tｉle 瓷砖ruｂble wall毛石墙mａrble 大理石，大理岩granｉtｅ花岗石,花岗岩rｅady－mixed conｃrete商品混凝土，预拌混凝土ｒeａl ｅsｔａｔe房地产reinfoｒcｅment bar钢筋ｖeinｆorcemenｔmｅal，reinｆoｒcing ｂa ｒ，reｉnfｏrcｉng stｅelreinfｏrceｍｅnt coｖeｒ混凝土保护层reinforｃｅmeｎtｍat 钢筋网, reｉnｆorcing ｍeshreinforｃinｇratio配筋率reiｎforceｍent perｃentaｇｅｒeinfoｒcing work钢筋工程residential buｉldiｎg居住建筑rigiｄｆoｕndation刚性基础rooｆ屋顶,屋盖，屋面; roof bｏaｒd屋面板; roof garden屋顶花园rｏof lｉve lｏad 屋面活荷载ｒustic terraｚzo粗面水磨石，水刷石ｓaｎd cｕsｈiｏn砂垫层saw-tｏｏth skylｉgｈt锯齿形天窗ｓcａｆfolｄ脚手架sill窗台sｉlty soil粉质土ｓinｇlｅｄoｏr单扇门ｄｏubｌe door双扇门sｉngｌｅｒeｉnｆorceｍen单筋tsｌiｄiｎｇdooｒ推拉门slidｉng wｉndoｗ水平推拉窗sｔaircase楼梯间stａir raｉl(ing) 楼梯栏杆,楼梯扶手ｓｔair steｐ楼梯踏步stａｉr ｓｔrｉｎg (ｅｒ)楼梯梁stair clearanｃe 楼梯净空高度stair headroomsteel forｍs钢模板sｔore rｏoｍ贮藏室sｔruｃtuｒaｌｄrａwingｓ结构图sofｔsｕｂsｔratuｍ软弱下卧层ｓun louver遮阳板suｐpoｒtinｇblｏｃｋ支座ｓuｐｐoｒting lａyer持力层ｔｅnsｉlｅrｅinｆorceｍent 受拉钢筋teｎsile sｔeel，teｎsion reｉｎｆｏrcｅmentterraｃe roof 平屋顶thermal insulaｔｉon隔热tｈrougｈｖentilatioｎ穿堂风timｂer structure 木结构ｗｏod ｓtructurｅtｏiｌeｔ盥洗间,浴室，厕所,便池traｃing papeｒ描图纸lａwn 草坪treaｔmｅnt of eleｖation立面处理ｄｒａｗing ｂｏard 绘图板triaxｉaｌcomｐressiｏn ｔesｔ三轴压缩试验ｔubular steel scaffoｌｄiｎg钢管脚手架uｎｉfoｒmly disｔributed load均布荷载uｎｎotcｈed baｒ光面钢; ｔhreａdbａｒ螺纹钢筋ｕrinal 小便池，小便斗，小便槽vaｌley天沟venｔｉｌａting ｓｋｙlighｔ通风天窗waterproof barrｉｅr防水层aquataｒdＴｅrｚaghi bｅaring ｃaｐａciｔy thｅoｒy太沙基承载力理论Terzａghi consoｌidatｉon theoｒy 太沙基固结理论ｆｏundatｉon trｅａtｍenｔ地基处理founｄatioｎｐrｅssure 基底压力span 跨度spｅcifｉc gｒａｖitｙ比重qｕiｃklｉme生石灰，氧化钙hｙdratｅｄliｍe 熟石灰,消石灰hｙdｒation 水化作用pｌａster of Parｉs熟石膏pｏrｔland ceｍent 波特兰水泥，硅酸盐水泥,普通水泥poｒtｌaｎd ｂlastfuｒｎacｅslag ceｍenｔ矿渣水泥ｐoｒｔland fly-ash ceｍent粉煤灰（硅酸盐)水泥poｒtland-ｐozzolａｎa cement火山灰质硅酸盐水泥gａｓ－foaminｇａdmｉxture发泡剂retardｉng ａｄｍixture缓凝剂wａter-rｅdｕｃiｎｇagent减水剂air-enｔrａｉned agenｔ加气剂slump坍落度water－cemｅnt rａｔｉo水灰比ｗ/carchitectuｒａl ligｈｔｉnｇ建筑采光,建筑照明aｒｃhiｔectｕrａｌperｓpectｉve建筑透视图archｉｔecｔuraｌsectiｏｎ建筑剖面图archｉｔｅｃtural speｃifiｃatｉoｎs建筑规范arｃhitｅcｔｕrａl wｏrkiｎｇdｒａwing 建筑施工图arcｈitectｕre sketcｈ建筑草图aｒｃweｌdinｇ电弧焊ｓｔｒeｓs concentratｉon 应力集中multｉｓtoried ｂuｉldｉng 多层建筑settｌemenｔｏｆfounｄａtion 地基沉降ｔensｉｌe streｎｇth抗拉强度coｍｐrｅsｓive strength抗压强度bendｉｎg ｓtrｅngth抗弯强度ｃｏnstructiｏn mateｒial建筑材料buｉlding materialｃｏntinuｏus ｂeam连续梁tower crane 塔式起重机，塔吊SPＴ=standａrd penetraｔion ｔｅｓt 标准贯入度试验wall betweｅn twｏｗindｏｗｓ窗间墙stabilitｙ稳定性stｒesｓ-stｒainｃurve应力－应变曲线sｔress-strａｉn diaｇram应力－应变图damｐ-ｐｒoof coａting防潮层ｏｓｍoｓｉs渗透osｍotic co-efｆicｉenｔ渗透系数oｓmoｔic prｅssｕｒe渗透压力ｆｉnitｅｅleｍｅnt metｈod 有限单无法finｉtｅ-difｆerence mｅthod有限差分法finite ｓｌiｃe methoｄ条分法defｏｒmation 变形dispｌaceｍｅnt位移alｌowable bearing capaｃity 容许承载力ｔotal anｄdｉfferentｉal settleｍｅnt总沉降量和沉降差Moｈｒ’s cｉrｃlｅoｆｓtｒess 摩尔应力圆snow laod雪(荷)载beｎt reinｆorcemeｎt ｂaｒ弯起钢筋bent steel 弯起钢筋beｎｔ-ｕｐbａr 弯起钢筋bid 投标,标书bid caｌｌ招标ｂid ｏpeｎing开标bidｄing sｈeｅt 标价单bｉd pricｅ出价，投标价格ｂinｄｉng ｒeinｆｏrｃement 绑扎钢筋ｂlｏckinｇcoｕｒse檐口墙，女儿墙pａｒａｐｅｔ(wall)ｂlooｄｗoｏd 红木redwoodbｒｉcｋliｎtel 砖砌过梁ｂrick ｍasonry struｃtｕre 砖石结构ＢRKT =ｂｒaｃket 牛腿bｕildiｎg height 建筑高度ｂuildiｎｇinduｓtrializａtion建筑工业化buildiｎg-ｉn fitｔｉng 预埋件buｉldｉｎg ｌaw建筑法ｂuiｌdｉｎｇlｉnｅ建筑红线buｉlｄing moｄule 建筑模数ｂｕiｌding orieｎtation 建筑物朝向bｕilｄing permitｓfor cｏnstruction建筑施工执照buildingｅquｉpmenｔ建筑设备buiｌdiｎg ｐhysｉcs建筑物理ｂｕiｌdｉｎg ｒuｂble 建筑垃圾ｂuildｉnｇstｏrm seｗer房屋雨水管buｉlt –in cｕｐｂｏａｒｄ壁厨cable structｕre 悬索结构ｃablｅ-suｐportｅd cｏｎstrucｔion悬索结构caｎopy雨篷casｔ-in－placｅconcrｅtｅ现浇混凝土cａsｔ-in-situ cｏnｃrｅte 现浇混凝土caterｐillａｒｃrａne履带式起重机cavitｙｂｒiｃk空心砖caｖｉty wall空心墙ceiliｎg 顶棚，吊顶，天花板ceｍent floor水泥地面ceｍenｔmortar水泥砂浆cｅntｅr-to-center中心距（中到中间距）chain－pulｌswitch拉线开关cromａｔｉcs色彩学ｃｉtｙplａnninｇ城市规划civiｌarcｈitecture民用建筑ｃiviｌbｕｉｌｄinｇ民用建筑civil engｉneｅrｉng土木工程clay brｉck粘土砖clｅreｓｔory天窗cｌｅrｅstoｒｙwinｄoｗs高侧窗cloｓet 盥洗室，厕所，卫生间coaｔed gｌａss 玻璃幕墙gｌasｓｃｕｒｔaiｎwaｌl collaｐsibｌｅｌoess 湿陷性黄土ｓlumpinｇloesscoｌlar tie bｅaｍ圈梁combination beaｍ组合梁combinaｔｉon constructiｏｎ混合结构shear waｌｌ剪力墙shｅar strengtｈ抗剪强度tｒanｓom （门上的）亮子bａr 棒,条,杆件，(粗）钢筋bｅam梁fｒaｍｅwork 框架trｕss桁架sｔaticaｌｌy deteｒmｉnate～静定桁架ｓtａtically indｅterminate ~ 超静定桁架elａsticiｔy弹性plastｉciｔｙ塑性stiffnｅｓｓ刚度ｆｉeｘiｂility挠度bendiｎｇmｏｍeｎt弯矩~ｄiagram 弯矩图~ ｅnvelｏpe弯矩包络线inｆlueｎce liｎe 影响线aggregatｅ骨料coarse ～粗骨料fine~ 细骨料ａｄmixtｕｒe外加剂ｃoncreteｍiｘeｒ混凝土搅拌机ｐaint 油漆ｄｅnsｉｔy密度viｓcoｓity粘度，粘滞性geology地质eａrtｈｐrｅｓsurｅ土压力actiｖｅ～主动土压力cｏaｒse sａnｄ粗砂；medium sand中砂；fine saｎd细砂ａｒtiｆicｉaｌｄａylight人工采光artｉficiａl 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