辽宁省沈阳市2017-2018学年高二英语上学期期中试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AVenice, one of the cities in Italy, was founded in A.D.811 by the people of Malamocco. It was said that they were guided by pigeons carrying little crosses, and settled where now Venice lies.Venice is built on 117 islands. It has 150 canals and 400 bridges. The narrow streets, with their historic names, are covered with stones, but have no footpaths. They are dotted with flower shop signs and lanterns. Shops and palaces stand by side. The brick bridges are high enough to allow boats to pass freely under them.The center of public life is St. Mark’s Square where tourists and citizens sit in the famous Florian and Quadri cafes to listen to music, enjoying themselves. The Quadri is more popular but the Florian, founded in 1720, is the best-known cafe because it has received such great persons as Byron (an English poet) and Goethe (a German poet).Unfortunately, the special position of Venice is threatening its own existence. The terrain（地势）on which it is built began to sink while the level of the surrounding waters is constantly rising. However, many measures have already been taken to prevent the city from sinking.21. In the second paragraph, the author ______.A. told us who built the city of VeniceB. described what Venice is likeC. showed up where Venice isD. talked about why Venice is surrounded by waters22. Which of the following shows the right relationship? (○=Italy;△=Venice;□=St.Marks Square)A B C D23. Why is the Florian the famous cafe? Because ______.A. it appeared in Byron and Goethe’s poemsB.Byron and Goethe were once its customersC. it was founded in 1720, much older than the QuadriD. it is more close to St. Mark’s Square than the Quadri24. From the article we can see that ______.A. many people have fled because Venice’s existence is being threatenedB. the level of the surrounding water is constantly rising because the city ofVenice began to sinkC. many steps have already been taken to prevent the terrain from risingD. the government has already taken many measures to save the city from going downBWhy do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age. The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity(长寿) may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.“Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,” said Goldspink. “This is part of the ageing process.” What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-oldwoman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.“This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men,”said Goldspink.They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease.The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart, said Goldspink.The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.25. The text mainly talks about ______.A. hearts and long lifeB. women’s ageing processC. the gender differenceD. men’s heart cells26. According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ______.A. women have more cells than man when they are bornB. women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beatC. the female heart loses few of the cells with ageD. women never lose their pumping power with age27. If you want to live longer, you should ______.A. enable your heart to beat much fasterB. find out the reason for ageingC. exercise regularly to keep your heart healthD. prevent your cells from being lostCEveryone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh, and do things with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We don’t always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.No two people are the same. Sometimes friends don’t get along well. That doesn’t mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will makeup and go on being friends.Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very sad. We miss them very much. But we can call them and write to them. It could be that we will even see them again. And we can make new friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.Families sometimes name their children after a close friend. Many places are named after men and women who have been friendly to people in a town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools. We think of these people when we go to these places.There’s more good news for people who have friends. They live longer than people who don’t. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares about you, you take better care of yourself.28. The first paragraph tells us ______.A. nobody needs friendsB. we always need friends aroundC. making friends is a need in people’s livesD. we never need to be alone29. Which of the following is most probably the place people name after friendlypeople?A. A cityB. A roomC. A town.D. A library30. Why do people who have friends live longer than people who don’t?A. They feel happier.B. They take better care of themselves.C. Their friends care about them.D. All of the above.31. The man idea of this passage is ______.A. that people are all friendsB.that people need friendsC. how to get to know friendsD. how to name a placeD4 Coolest Underground HousesWe started off living in caves and seem to have come back to the same point. This is because we finally realized that it is actually a very eco-friendly way to live. However, building a house underground is not an easy task. The following underground homes are so incredible that they’ll make you want to build your own underground house!Flower Petals(花瓣)Located in Bolton, the UK, this house belongs to British football star Gary Neville. It is hidden under the ground except for the petal-shaped openings designed to allow the light to enter and light up the entire house. It covers about 8,000 sq ft and was designed by Make Architects to keep energy consumption to a minimum.Swiss Mountain Underground HouseThis unique house has been designed by the architects of SeArch, Netherlands and Christian Muller. It is located in the Swiss village of Vals and is hidden on all sides save for one. This magnificent structure has been planned in such a way that it completely eliminates the need of cooling in summers and heating in winters.The Cave HouseCarved out of a mountain, this house is located in Festus, Missouri. It has been used for many different purposes over time. This 15,000 square foot residence was originally used as a mine for decades. It was also used as concert venue and a roller skating rink. The cave house needs no air conditioning for cooling and heating the house due to its intelligent design.Stone Desert HomeThe Stone Desert Home is built in such a way that it looks more like a half-buried ruin than a modern home. Designed by Deca, this eco-friendly house is built between the slopes of two hillsides next to each other and barely rises above the desert level surrounding it. As the house is half-hidden in the earth, it makes use of natural light and heat as well as cooling crosswinds.32. It can be learned that Flower Petals ______ .A.was probably designed by a companyB. cannot be seen from the earth at allC. is in the possession of Make ArchitectsD. has an obviouspetal-shaped floor33. The underlined word “eliminates” in the passage means “______”.A. adjustsB. removesC. controlsD. increases34. Compared with Stone Desert Home, the Cave House ______.A. has less natural light in the dayB. shows moreintelligent designC. was once used in many waysD. has an owner with rich experience35. What can we infer from the passage?A. The author is advertising for the above houses.B. The future of residence will go underground.C. All of the four houses use only natural light.D. The houses mentioned are all eco-friendly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。