高考题型重组练(二)Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2019·黑龙江省质量检测]“If you are cold, it will warm you; if you are too heated, it will cool you; if you are depressed, it will cheer you; if you are exhausted, it will calm you.” The poem best identifies the passion for tea in Britain. Outside of the United Kin gdom, many people refer to afternoon tea as “high tea”. Afternoon tea, also known as low tea, is what most people think of when they hear “high tea”. It involves things like manners, lace (蕾丝) and light meals such as cookies and finger sandwiches. It is ty pically served in the midafternoon and it was traditionally served on low tables, hence its two names.Legend has it that afternoon tea was started in the mid1800s by the Duchess of Bedford. Around that time, kerosene (煤油) lamps were introduced into wealthier homes and eating a late dinner (around 8 or 9 p．m.) became fashionable. This increasingly late dinner was one of the only two meals each day, and the other was a midmorning one. The story goes that the Duchess found herself with a “sinking feeling”. This came from hunger during the long wait between meals. She decided to invite friends over for various snacks and tea. The idea of an afternoon tea gathering spread across high society and became a favorite pastime of females for leisure. Later, it spread to other social groups.However, the British working population did not have afternoon tea. They had a meal about midday, and a meal after work, between five and seven o'clock. This meal was called “high tea” or just “tea”. Traditionally eaten early eve ning, high tea was a substantial meal that combined delicious sweet food, such as cookies, cakes or tea bread, with heavy food, such as cheese on toast, cold meats and poached eggs on toast. This meal is now often replaced with a supper due to people eating their main meal in the evening rather than at midday.体裁：说明文题材：社会文化主题：英国的下午茶【语篇解读】本文用一首诗歌引出话题，然后通过传说介绍了英国下午茶的来历。
比较正式的下午茶除了有许多好吃的东西之外，在礼节和服饰方面也有一定的风俗习惯。
1．What is the author's purpose of using a poem at the beginning of the passage?A．To introduce a topic.B．To present a puzzle.C．To describe the phenomenon.D．To clarify his writing purpose.答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。
本文作者在开头引用了一首诗歌，联系诗歌后面的“The poem best identifies the passion for tea in Britain.”及下文的介绍可以推知，引用诗歌的目的是为了引出本文话题。
故选A项。
2．What led to the appearance of afternoon tea?A．Kerosene lamps were used at home.B．Upper class had more free time.C．Drinking tea makes people feel good.D．Duchess of Bedford was influential in social circle.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。
根据第二段第二句“Around that time, kerosene lamps were introduced into wealthier homes and eating a late dinner (around 8 or 9 p．m.) became fashionable.”及下文内容可知，煤油灯的使用使人们的晚饭用餐时间更晚，因此人们开始在下午享用下午茶，即煤油灯的使用导致了下午茶的产生。
故选A项。
3．What was the most important feature of afternoon tea in the mid1800s?A．Simple food and tea.B．A ladies' social occasion.C．Being served on low tables.D．Serving time.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。
根据第二段最后的“The idea of an afternoon tea gathering spread across high society and became a favorite pastime of females for leisure.”可知，那时候女士们在闲暇时间通过下午茶消磨时间，是其最重要的一个特征。
故选B项。
4．What is the best title for the text?A．Origins of High TeaB．Ways of Low TeaC．Traditional Afternoon TeaD．High Tea and Low Tea答案与解析：D 考查主旨大意。
本文主要介绍了英国下午茶的起源和发展，包括礼节、服装和食品，不同起源的下午茶被称为“high tea”或者“low tea”，故D项为最佳答案。
B[2019·四川省诊断]“Hope has proved a power ful predictor of outcome in every study we've done so far，” said Dr. Snyder, a psychologist.In a study with 3,920 college students, Dr. Snyder found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first term was a more accurate predictor of their college grades than their SAT scores or their grade point averages in high school. “Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them，” Dr. Snyder said. “When you compare the equal learning ability and past school achievements of students, you will find that what sets them apart is hope.”In seeking a way to assess hope scientifically, Dr. Snyder went beyond the usual belief that hope is merely the sense that everything will turn out all right. “This idea is not concrete enough; it fails to clarify two key components of hope，” Dr. Snyder said. “Having hope means believing you have both the will and the way to accomplish your goals, whatever they may be.”Despite the wisdom in the old saying “where there's a will,there's a way”，Dr. Snyder has found that the two are not necessarily connected. In a study of people from 18 to 70 years old, Dr. Snyder discovered: only about 40% of people were hopeful in the technical sense of believing they typically had the energy and means to accomplish their goals; about 20% of the people believed in their ability to find the means to attain their goals, but said they had little will to do so; another 20% had the opposite pattern, saying they had the energy to motivate themselves but little confidence that they would find the means; the rest had little hope at all, reporting that they typically had neither the will nor the way.“It's not enough just to have the wish for something，” said Dr. Snyder. “You need the means, too. On the other hand, all the skills to solve a problem won't help without the willpower to do it.”体裁：说明文题材：文化教育主题：希望是成功的动力【语篇解读】心理学家通过研究发现：怀有希望的人在学习上会取得更好的结果，而怀有希望代表相信自己兼具实现目标的方法和意志。