初中英语――祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。

其主语 you 常省略，谓语动词用原形， 句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。

1. 肯定的祈使句 （1）动词原形 +其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。

（2） Be + n./adj.Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子 ! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！ （3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分Let me help you.让我来帮你。

Let ' s go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。

2. 否定的祈使句 （1） Don't + 动词原形Don't stand up. 别站起来。

Don't be careless. 别粗心。

Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。

（2） Let 型的否定式有两种 :“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“ Let + 宾语 + not +动词原形 + 其它成分” 。

Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。

Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。

（3） no 开头 ,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。

No smoking! 禁止吸烟 !No fishing! 禁止钓鱼 !3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词 Do 。

例如： Do shut up! 快住口！4. 祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用 will 或won ' t 。

在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：1） 形式一致（即Yes 与will 保持一致；No 与won ' t 保持一致）2） 意思相反 （即 Yes 是 “不”的意思； No 是 “是”的意思 ）。

在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。

如：--- Don ' t go out, please. It ' s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。

外面雨下得很大。

--- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。

5. 祈使句的反意疑问句（1） 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用 Please open the door, will/ won（2） 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？ （3） 以 let's 开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用 shall we 。

Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？<特别注意 > 只有以let's 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用 shall we ,而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为 will you 或won't you.女口： Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？will you 或 won't you 。

请把门打开，好吗？ will you 。

. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. It' s an important meeting. ________________ (not, be )late.2. ______________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.3. ______________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and ________ (be) polite.4. ______________ ( not, talk) and __________ (read) aloud.5. ____________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. ______________ (look) out! A car is coming.7. ____________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. ______________ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you __________ (catch) a cold.10. Let' s ______________ (not, say) anything about it.二、单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please ______ .A. turn it downB. to turn it downC. turn down itD. to turn down it2. _____ late again, Bill!A. Don't to beB. Don't beC. Not beD. Be not3. _____ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.A. NotB. Won'tC. Doesn'tD. Don't4. Please help me carry it, ____ ?A. will IB. will youC. shall ID. shall we5. Don't make so much noise, ____ ?A. will youB. won't youC. shall weD. do you6. Do you know the girl ___ under the tree?A. standB. to standC. standingD. stood7. Kate, _____ your homework here tomorrow.A. bringB. bringsC. to bringD. bringing8. ______ me the truth, or I'll be angry.A. TellingB. To tellC. ToldD. Tell9. I've kept the dog _____ M aomao for a long time.A. NameB. namedC. namingD. to name10. Don't you know that is good for our health?A. swimB. swimmingC. swamD. swims11 .Her doctor said: “ ________ work so hard ”A StopB Don ' tC Can ' tD No12. Sindy, ______ to be here at 8 o ' clockA is sureB is sure thatC will be sureD be sure13. _______ when you cross the road.A Do careB CareC Do be carefulD To be careful14. _______ him the secret, will you?A Don ' t tellB Not to tellC Not tellingD No telling15. _______ in bed. It ' s bad for your eyes.A Not to readB Don't readC Don't to readD Not read16. _______ Your child. We ' ll look after him.A Not to worry aboutB Don ' t worry aboutC Not worry forD Don ' t worry with17.They are very tired. Why ______ have a rest?A not theyB do not theyC don' t they18 --You look rather tired. _______ stopping to have a rest?-- All right.A Why notB How aboutC Why not to19 _____ tell a lie.A HardlyB NotC No 20.Please look outside. Look at the blackboard.A notB don ' tC aren' t三、句型转换1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）______ again more slowly, please.2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句）me, or I'll go.3. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句）D not toD why don ' t D NeverD can ' t4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）careless, please.5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）______ ________ next to Nancy.6. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Don't forget to turn off the lights, ______ _________ ?7. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句）______ ________ , or you'll die.8. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, ______ _________ ?9. 这是一个坏了的被子。