小学英语语法:名词1、名词分为专有名词与普通名词。
如:GuangZhou,Mike,UNESCO等。
专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写,前面不加定冠词the。
如:police,eggs,rice等。
表示某一类人或某一类东西中得个体。
如:monkey,panda,ruler,boy等。
表示一群人或一些事物得总称。
如:family,police,class,people 等。
表示无法分为个体或不具备确定形状与大小得实物。
如:Water,air,milk等。
表示抽象概念词。
如:hope,love,spirit。
1、定义:一般来说,个体名词与集体名词多为,物质名词与抽象名词多为2、可数名词得数:,表示“一个”时用单数,a bird,a teacher,an apple,表示“多个”时用复数。
two birds,five teachers,eight apples、3、可数名词复数得变化规则、A、一般情况下,在单数名词得后面加s构成。
如:gamegames,boyboys 等。
B、以s、x、sh、ch结尾得单数名词变复数,在词尾加es构成。
如:boxboxes,busbuses,peachpeaches,dishdishes。
C、以o结尾,表示有生命得事物得单数名词变复数加es;表示没有生命得事物得单数名词变复数加s。
如:potatopotatoes,tomatotomatoes,photophotos,pianopianos等。
D、以辅音字母加y结尾得单数名词变复数,将y改成i后再加es。
如:factoryfactories,storystories,familyfamilies。
E、以f或fe结尾得单数名词变复数,将f或fe改成v,然后再加es。
如:leafleaves,lifelives,knifeknives等。
F、名词单数变复数,除了有规则可循得变化之外,还有一部分得变化就是不规则得,我们将这部分名词得变化叫做不规则变化。
这些词有:goosegeese,footfeet,toothteech,manmen,womanwomen,mousemice,sh eepsheep,deerdeer,fishfish,childchildren,oxoxen4、不可数名词量得表示但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量,我们于就是采用这种方法:如:a cup of tea,a box of milk,a piece of paper等。
如果为了表示多个得概念,我们就将表示这些东西得单位变成复数即可。
如:a cup of tea3 cups of tea,a box of milk12 boxes of milk,A piece of paper100 pieces of paper1,我们就需要使用名词所有格。
如:“奶奶得房子”表示为“grandma's house”。
2、名词所有格得构成有以下规则:A、一般情况下,如:Mike's bike迈克得自行车,Tom's books汤姆得书、B、以如:my parents' car我父母得车,our teachers' books我们老师得书。
C如:Jenny and Joan's bedroom詹妮与琼共同拥有得卧室;如: Tim's and Jack's toy cars提姆与杰得玩具车。
D如:The doctor's(office)医生诊所;my uncle's(house)我叔叔得家;The barber's(shop)理发店。
E如:The window of the classroom教室得窗户;the capital of China中国得首都;The weather of ShangHai上海得天气、名词得练习题一、写出以下单词得复数、I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____thief _______yoyo ______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________二、判断正误。
下例表述正确得,在题后横线上打“∨”,错误得改正并说明其错误原因。
1、sheeps_____2、buses_____3、my classmates's father_____4、a onion_____5、some boys_____6、five goose_____7、two womans_____ 8、the children's toys_________9、a map of China_____ 10、a paper_____11、three bottle of water_____ 12、two babys_____ 13、peachs_____ 14、potatoes_____ 15、foxs_____ 16、some leafs_____ 17、photoes_____18、dogs_____ 19、the classroom's wall_____ 20、mouses_____二、写出下例名词得复数形式1、monkey __________2、boy _______3、duck _____4、house_________5、bus ________6、lady_______7、sheep _________ 8、deer ________ 9、child_____10、foot _________ 11、tomato_________ 1 2、ox _____ 13、desk________ 14、window ________ 15、pencil_______ 16、dish _____ 17、film _______ 18、day _____ 19、plane _______ 20、month _________ 21、inch ________ 22、village ___________ 23、city ________ 24、family_______ 25、knife _______ 26、people ___________ 27、man _______28、thief _______ 29、chinese _______ 30、glass _______三、根据中文得意思用正确得形式表示所有格。
1、Kate得妈妈___________________________________2、Jack得朋友___________________________________3、美国得首都___________________________________4、孩子们得书包___________________________________5、老师们得书___________________________________6、笔得颜色___________________________________7、我父母得卧室___________________________________8、我得朋友得朋友___________________________________9、Tom与Kate得爸爸___________________________________10、Gogo得姐姐与Jenny得姐姐______________________________11、一滴水___________________________________12、两杯茶___________________________________13、三瓶啤酒___________________________________14、四双袜子___________________________________15、五块肥皂___________________________________16、六名警察___________________________________17、七朵花___________________________________18、八把椅子___________________________________19、九只青蛙___________________________________20、十双uggs ___________________________________四、完成下例句子。
1、LanLan and I________(就是学生)、2、There are _________(许多尺子)on the dask、3、There are__________(二十八天)in February this year、4、Give me _________(两瓶兰墨水),please、5、There are________(五个动物园)in ShangHai、6、I have ________(三个新铅笔盒)、7、He has __________(许多老照片)、8、Have you_______(两张绿纸)?五、把下例各句改成复数形式。
1、This is a zoo、__________________________________________2、I am a good child、______________________________________3、It is a greedy wolf、_____________________________________4、He is drawing a mouse、____________________________________5、There is a baby on the floor、__________________________________六、用正确得名词形式填空1、Lily and Lucy are my_______(classmate)、2、There are seven_______(sheep)、3、My uncle has two_______(child)、4、How many _______(subway)are there in ShenZhen?5、Can you give me two bottles of_____(water)、6、I brush my_______(tooth)three times a day、7、I have two_____(cup)of coffee for breakfast、8、The____(leaf)turn green in spring、9、There are some_____(policeman)in the police station、10、The green sweater is his_______(brother)、七、选择正确得词填空1、Those_____(fish\fishes)are very beautiful、2、Those hamburgers are____(Tom\Tom's)、3、Nina is at_____(grandma's\grandma)、She went there yesterday、4、We have 16 new_____(light\lights)、5、_____(The classroom's door\The classroom)is broken6、My friend Edward has three_____(child\children)、7、Do you like eating_____(rice\rices)?8、There are 4_____(tea\cups of tea)on the desk、9、How many____(wolfs\wolves)are there?10、I like____(chicken\chickens)better than pork?八、选择填空1、We have some____but we need some____、A、tomatos; potatosB、tomatoes; potatos、C、tomatoes; potatoesD、tomatos; potatoes、2、The thief has two_____、A、knife;B、knifes;C、knives;D、knifees;3、The lion has big_____、A、teeth;B、tooth;C、tooths;D、toothes;4、Can I help you? yes,I'd like some_____、A、banana;B、pears;C、apple;D、lychee;5、Father has_____for breakfast、A、two piece of bread;B、two pieces of bread;C、two pieces of breads;D、two piece of breads;6、I'm thirsty、I need_____to drink、A、three bottle of juice;B、three bottle of juices;C、three bottles of juices;D、three bottles of juice;7、There are many_____、A、banana trees;B、banana tree ;C、bananas trees;D、bananas tree;8、Lily bought_____for Mary's birthday、A、two pair of ugg boots;B、two pairs of uggsC、two pair of ugg boots;D、two pairs of ugg boots9、How many_____can you see in the picture? eight、A、sheepB、sheepsC、duckD、cow10、About ten_____are going to visit the Chinese Art Museum the day after tomorrow、A、EnglishmanB、GermanC、JapaneseD、Indian11、This room is too small、Ican't find_____for myself、A、roomB、a roomC、roomsD、the room12、_____love seeing ChengLong's films、A、PeoplesB、peopleC、PeopleD、person13、The room is_____、A、Lucy and Lily;B、Lucy's and Lily;C、Lucy's and Lily's;D、Lucy and Lily's;14、There were many_____and there weren't___then、A、factories; subwaies、B、factory; subways、C、factories; subways、D、factorys; subwaies、15、Maths_____my favorite subject、A、isB、amC、areD、be16、Can you give me_____?A、a paperB、some papersC、some paperD、papers17、What's_____name,Peter?A、heB、the boyC、The boy's18、Look at_____photo、Is it nice?A、AliceB、Alice'sC、Alices'19、My brother is reading_____、A、today's paperB、today of paperC、today's papers20、There are many pictures on_____、A、the classroom's walls;B、the walls of the classroom;C、The walls in the classroom、21、That girl is Susan、She is _____、A、a friend my sister;B、a friend of my sisterC、a friend of my sister's22、Is that an_____car?A、ChineseB、JapaneseC、English23、Can we put_____here?Yes,Please、A、our coatsB、our coatC、my coat24、She must look after those___、A、dogB、sheepC、parrot25、What's your name,please?My name is_____、A、Wang Ying Hua;B、Wang Yinghua;C、Wangyinghua;26、Where are____?A、the teachers' rooms;B、the teacher's roomC、the room of the teachers;。