Eugene•A•Nida
张帅 王晓林
The Contents of This Presentation
Brief Introduction of Eugene. A. Nida
Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory 2.1 Conceptions of Functional
Example:
“If I slapped someone he’d see the way to Krakow.”
—Issac Bashevis Singer：Gimple the Fool
The sentence can be at least put into two versions (a)要是我给谁一巴掌，准会把他扇到克拉科去 (b)要是我掴谁一把掌，他就会给打到西天去
奈达认为，“意义是最重要的，形式其次”。简 单粗暴版的理解：此处所说的功能对等多少有些意 译的意味，意思是原文的内涵不依靠每个单词的堆 砌，而是隐藏在字里行间，因此一味死抠词义、句 法和修辞是不可取的。
Example:
“你难道没听见人说，‘嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗’？ ——《红楼梦》
(a) “Surely you know the saying— “marry a cock and follow the cock；marry a dog and follow the dog.” × (b) marry a pig and follow the pig√
2.3 Four Aspects of Functional Equivalence
① Lexical Equivalence (词汇对等)
一个词的意义在于它在语言中的用法。在实际翻译 中．让我们困惑的是怎样在目的语里找到对应的意义。 英汉词汇对等包含了字词对等、多词同义、一词多义、 词义交织和无对等词语等五种对应情况，其中字词的 完全对等主要是专用名和技术词汇。尽管在两种语言 之间，没有哪两个词的意义是完全相同的，但语言可 以使用不同的形式来表达相同的意义。 Confused; to find the corresponding meaning in target language
2.1 Conceptions of Functional Equivalence
First put forward in1964． Emphasis: the functional equivalence of
information instead of the direct formal equivalence in translation The relationship between the target language receptor and the target text should generally be equivalent to that between the source language receptor and the source text
没差啦
2.1 Conceptions of Functional Equivalence
奈达理论的核心概念是“功能对等”（即动 态对等）。所谓“功能对等”，就是说翻译时不 求文字表面的死板对应，而要在两种语言间达成 功能上的对等。要求在意义上和风格上都贴近原 作。这相当于中国翻译论中的既“达意”又“传 神”，与我国的“神似”说不谋而合。简单粗暴 版的理解就是：别被禁锢在字字句句里，译得对 不对味儿才关键。
Errors will arise, if we ignore functional equivalence, only taking literal meaning into consideration.
2.2 Literal Translation vs. Functional Equivalence
童鞋们，这张 看腻了吧~~？ 看看下一张怎 么样啊\(^o^)/~
1. Brief Introduction of Eugene. A. Nida
an American linguist, translation1914 Ph.D. degree in
linguistics at University of Michigan American Bible Society (ABS)
Equivalence 2.2 Literal Translation and Functional
Equivalence 2.3 Four Aspects of Functional
Equivalence The Translation History of Bible
1. Brief introduction of Eugene. A. Nida
365字幕组出品，版权所有，盗版必究 (⊙_⊙)
2. Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory
2.1 Conceptions of Functional Equivalence 2.2 Literal Translation and Functional Equivalence 2.3 Four Aspects of Functional Equivalence
Example:
to teach one’s grandmother to suck eggs; to teach fish to swim (a) 教祖母吸吃鸡蛋；教鱼游泳（direct formal equivalence） (b) 班门弄斧；关公面前舞大刀（functional equivalence）
OR
2.2 Literal Translation vs. Functional Equivalence
The first person to handle the disputable problem between literal translation and functional equivalence.