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中考英语语法课件--祈使句、感叹句
what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式: 1. What +a(an) +(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
What an apple this is! What a fine day it is! 2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! What kind women they are! What nice music it is!
➢ 1.在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t,构成Don’t+行为动词 原形+其它成分。例如:
➢ D的肯定祈使句前加Don’t,构成Don’t be
+其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。例如:Don’t be careless.不要粗心。 ➢ 注意:在这种句型中be不能省略;否定副词not不可置于 be之后。 ➢ 3.在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用No+名词/Ving形式结构,表示禁止做某事。例如: ➢ NO PHOTOS!禁止拍照!
there?
反意疑问句的一般情况
➢ 1.Tom is good at English, isn’t he? ➢ 2. Mike likes playing basketball, doesn’t he? ➢ 3. I can play basketball, can’t I ? ➢ 4. My father has been to Beijing twice,
She has few friends, does she? She has never been there,has she? There was nothing in the box, was there? None of us knows it, do we?
➢ 2,当陈述部分否定意义的词如:unhappy, dislike,careless 等含有否定词缀在派生词时,仍 按肯定句对待,疑问部分用否定形式。
➢ 表示喜、怒、乐等强烈感情时用感叹句。感叹句 分为两种:一种以what引导,一种以how引导。 句尾用感叹号“!”通常用感叹号。
➢ 例:What a clever boy he is! ➢ 多么聪明的男孩啊!
➢ 例:How clever the boy is! ➢ 这个男孩多聪明啊!
What引导的感叹句!
➢ --- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside.
➢ 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。
➢ ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.
➢ 不行,我得去机场接我弟弟。
hasn’t he ? ➢ 5. This/that is a table, isn’t it? (these,
those-> they)
反意疑问句特殊情况
1,当陈述部分含有 little/few/never/hardly/seldom/no/neither/nobo dy/nothing,none等表示否定意义的词时,疑问部分要 用肯定形式。
How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)
前肯后否 前否后肯
➢ Jim is doing his homework, isn’t he? ➢ Tom wasn’t watching TV at 8 yesterday,
was he? ➢ You went to Beijing yesterday, didn’t he? ➢ You knew nothing about him, did you? ➢ There is little water in the cup, is there? ➢ There are a few apples in the bag, aren’t
How引导的感叹句
由How引导的感叹句。 how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。 其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语! How hard the worker are working!
How clever the girl is! How quickly the boy is writing! 注意:当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。
How the runner runs!
what与how引导的感叹句,可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。 What an interesting story it is!=How interesting the story is! What a beautiful building it is!=How beautiful the building is! 在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如: What a nice present!(省略it is)
祈使句的回答
➢ 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作, 所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t。在回 答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:一 是形式一致,即Yes与will保持一致;No与 won’t保持一致。二是意思相反,即Yes是不的 意思;No是“是”的意思。在回答时,要注意 分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。
五种特殊句型
祈使句 感叹句 反义疑问句 It(形式主语、形式宾语、强调句) 倒装句
祈使句的肯定句式
➢ 祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型: ➢ 1.行为动词原形+其它成分。例如: ➢ Make sentences after the model.根据例句
造句。 ➢ 2. Be动词+其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短
语等)。例如: ➢ Be careful when crossing the street.过马路
时要小心。 ➢ 3. Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分。例如: ➢ Let him go back now.让他现在回去吧。
祈使句的否定句式
➢ 祈使句的否定句式,通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或 Never,一般分为以下三种类型: