①I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.
我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学 成了好朋友。
6．(2015·四川高考改编)The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
7．(2015·陕西高考改编)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.
(3)关系词只用which而不用that的情况： ①关系词引导非限制性定语从句时。 The boy was away from home for a week, which worried his parents very much. 这个男孩离家一个星期了，这使他父母很担心。 ②当从句中的介词提前，构成“介词＋关系代词”结构 时。 We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。
第四讲 定语从句
单句语法填空 1．(2 a dream
place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _th__a_t/_w_h_i_c_hare pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
8．(2015·重庆高考改编)He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.
一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who, whom, whose 引导的定语从句 (1)who 或 whom 均可指代人，但 who 在从句中作主语 或宾语，whom 在从句中作宾语；两者在引导限制性定语从 句时常可用 that 替换。作主语时，who/that 不可省略；作宾 语时，whom/who/that 可以省略。
②I have many friends to whom I’m going to send post cards.
我有很多打算寄贺卡给他们的朋友。
(2)whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中 作定语。指物时相当于of which；指人时相当于of whom。
The school shop, whose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.
这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生，放假时商店关门。 2．that, which引导的定语从句 (1)which指物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语，也可作定 语，作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物均可，在从句中可以 作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。
She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before.
The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。 ④先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 They will never forget the things and persons that they’ ve seen or heard of during their long journey. 他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过 的人和事。
她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。
(2)限制性定语从句中，关系代词只用that 不用which的 情况：
①先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, something, everything, all, some, none, little, few, the one等时。
I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.
2．(2015·广东高考语法填空)When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market where people from the towns met regularly.
3 ． (2014·全 国 卷 Ⅰ 语 法 填 空 )Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit which/that
is driving your family crazy. 4．(2013·广东高考语法填空)Nick’s guests, who had heard
我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。 ②先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容 词最高级或序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
③先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, all等修饰时。
their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.
5．(2015·江苏高考改编)The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.