张培基英译现代散文选11. Phrasal Expression & Words… amid(st) thunderous applause a bare subsistence A be characteristic of B = B be characterized by A A bend in a river / mountain A blind alley A brass drum 小铜鼓 A bygone age a clot of blood A cobbled path A confused mass of … A faint scent of A forgone conclusion 预料中的必然结局 A hired hand on contract A jumble of … 一大堆 A keen sense of A long-timer of Beijing A loose community of smaller family A man of profound learning A mere drop in the ocean A niche in the temple of fame A passing glance A philosophical approach to life a positive outcome A scene of poetic charm A sensation of blissfulness A speck of mud A ston e’s throw A trace / shade / tint/ sprinkle of … A Treasury of Best Chinese Prose 古文观止 A vast tract of land A virtuous man / a man of supreme virtue / moral integrity A widening expanse of water abandon … to fate Ache/agonize with pain Adjoining room admire sb for sth affected 做作 aim high amiable by nature Amuse one self by… = do … for fun Amusing episode an enlightened king An odd-jobber An opportune moment 合适时机 Ancestral home Approach senility aptly 恰如其分地 Art troupe 文工团 At a stretch/sitting At one ’s command at the present moment Avaricious desires 贪念 Bark up the wrong tree 攻击错了目标 bashful Bask in the sunshine Be ablaze/aglow with light be advanced in years be an encumbrance to … Be beset/troubled with/by Be blurred by … Be bogged down = be trapped Be bound up with …密切关联 be central/indispensable to sb. Be cooped up = be caged be deeply grieved to learn of … be distinguished by Be engrossed in … Be exquisite and nicely arranged be forever cherished / treasured Be hale and hearty Be havened from be humanly impossible Be imprinted/carved/engraved/ingrained on/upon … be in a fix Be instrumental in Be interwoven with 交织着 be irrelevant / foreign to Be keenly aware of be keyed up 紧张 Be led by the nose be of southern breed Be off and on be on an equal footing with … Be on the lips of … Be on the minds of.. be out to do … be overgrown with wild woods be packed with … Be plagued = annoyed = upset Be possessed Be possessed of be reconciled to … be reduced to be saddled with be sent to gallows Be short of/devoid of Be shrouded in = be covered in = be enveloped in Be sloppy in thinking Be strewn/covered/festooned with … Be stumped by = baffled Be tantamount to …= equal Be tinted / colored by … Be troubled / seized with … Be tucked away in … Be weaned 断奶 Be weighed down/ troubled with be wet with perspiration/… Be wide of / far from the mark 离谱 Be wild with excitement / joy Be worthy of … 无愧于 Beam = a big smile on face Bear a thin coating of … begin by degrees 逐渐开始 Beguile = while / idle / fritter away Bibliomania bicker Birds of a feather flock together Blackout: (战时)灯火管制 Blurt 脱口而出 bookish / pedantic / impractical view Border sth on the west boudoir 闺房 Bountiful free gifts Bow down to Brazenly claim / credit 厚颜无耻邀功 Break into uncontrolled sobs Brilliant talent burst with vitality Bury the hatchet Button up clothes By dint of 凭借 Capon Carcass: slaughtered animal for food Cavernous mouth Chant ancient Chinese books 诵读古籍 chicken-and-egg 因果难断的 Chit chat Click away the seconds Come dimly into sight Come out exceedingly well Come to pass 出现，发生 Come up against Come upon a windfall Come/be of age Confirmed = habitual Confirmed = habitual Congenial disposition 天性 convulsive sob cool one ’s heel Cordiallycotton-padded gown 棉衣 Court ladies = palace maid Crackling: sound made by burning wood Crane one ’s necks Credit A with B = attribute B to A Crumble into dust Curl up curtly = rudely Cut down on = economize on decadent 颓废的 Decorated archway 牌楼 degeneration of public morality Deliberately make a mystery of … depart one ’s life Develop a liking for … diehard 顽固分子 Dignitary dingy = dark + dirty Discontinuation of heartbeat disheveled hair Dispel darkness dissipate one ’s fatigue Dizzy = giddy Do … a / an + adj + justice Do one ’s bit Do sb a good turn Do.. by instinct dog-tired double sure = fully convinced Drab = dull, boring, monotonous Drag on : (neg.) last Drain one ’s teardrops / blood Draw an analogy between A and B Drawn-out = prolonged dream = longing = aspiration 憧憬 Dwell on dwindle away Eat into … Eat with gusto 津津有味地吃 edge away 慢慢离开 eke out a living 勉强度日 Elegiac Address to My Nephew Shi’erlang 祭祀十二郎文 Emaciated = fragile Embellishment 点缀 Empty into 注入，流入 Enormously magnificent / generous Entertain ambition Every hook and cranny 每个角落 Exemplary 模范的 Expanses of vacancy Extol 称赞 Fall through = bubble = be disillusioned Falteringly 结巴地 Family rules of good behavior Fare likewise Fascinating=imposing =peerless=breath-taking fawn on / flatter / toady to Feebly Fickle man 薄情男子 Fierce-browed Fighting scene First-hand experience Flagstone flower cultivation Follow one ’s bent/inclination/will for one ’s part 就某人而言 Forsaken roses Frame/state of mind Frolic 嬉闹，玩耍 Frostbitten fruits of labor Gain access to Gentle gracefulness Gesticulate = gesture Get up to mischief Get wind of … Gloomy sternness gloomy sternness Gnaw at sb = afflict / torture sb go out of one ’s way 特地 Go out to …(be emotionally drawn to) Go soldiering 军旅生涯 go through the wringer 历尽幸苦 God of Longevity Grove 树林，果园 Grow by/in leaps and bounds grow in luxuriance Grow in rich abundance Guileless 老实的，不奸诈 Hang on to one ’s presence 不肯离开 hardier species Harp on Harp on 唠叨 have … to one ’s name = be in one ’s possession Have attachment for … Have blind faith in … Have designs on… Have no claim to … 对…无拥有权 Have nothing to live on hawk one ’s wares Heart-rending = grievous Heavenly abode Herculean strength Hoary-headed 头发花白 Hoodwink = cajole household chores humor editors 应付编辑 I find them all. 尽收眼底 Impassioned speech / essayIn all earnest 再三，尽力，竭力 In anticipation ofIn defense of …= in one ’s defense in every way 彻头彻尾 in line with 符合In spite of oneself 不由自主 In the boom / prime of youth In the morning haze In the prime of life In unisonInadvertently 无意间 indomitable = steadfastingratiate sb with …= toady to sb ingratiate 讨好 Inkling = hint In-lawsInspiration gushes/comes gushing to one ’s mind. Intermittently = continually InwardlyIrreparable loss Jeer at 奚落 jeering voice Jujube tree 枣树Jump down one ’s throat 猛地回击 keep a wary eye Keep early hoursKeep one ’s body and soul together Keep up appearances Kitchen-maidKnack of farming 劳作技能 LabyrinthLack of propriety = impropriety Lackluster 单调的Lament with a deep sigh Languid = lethargic = sluggish Laud sb to the sky lavish attention on lazybones Lie wasteLie/remain unknown Liken / compare sb to … Limpid brookListless 无精打采 Literati 文人学士 Locust tree 槐树Longing note 杜鹃啼血 look askance at 斜视 Look over one ’s shoulder loving/fond memories Make a clean break with … Make a fanfare Make for … 有助于 Make light of 无视 malicious squintmalingerman of lettersmandarin jacketmean everythingMeritorious servicemist-shroudedModel … after…Money-shopmoral excellenceMore dead than aliveMorning glory 牵牛花Moult one’s shellMyriads of fireflies荧光千点Mysterious lorenameless fear/atrocity/loneliness Negotiate gorgesNext to noneNot sleep a winknuptial chamber 洞房Obsequious = flattering Octogenarian 八十岁的人Old homeOmenon sentry duty 站哨On the pretext of…以…为借口/理由OstrichlikeOverflow with material desirepack the hallPalpable = noticeable = tangible Parting sorrowPass for = be regarded asPass out of existencepeaceful calmnesspendant 坠饰People of all strataPerennially youngPersonal inclinationPersonal liking = preference perspire / blood profuselyPerusalPet phrasepetticoat influence = nepotism pigstyPit – a – pat = pitter – pattering Pitch-darknessPlay up to = fawn on bigwigs pleasure of lifePly sb with sth 不断供应Pounce on…猛地扑向Prostrate oneself 顺重Prowl 潜行Puddles of rainwater雨水坑Put sb in the mind of…Quite a few varieties of…Reddening glow of setting sun Reed Refrain from…Reign supreme 占优势Render a service to…respect = reverent = well-manneredReverberating bellRhapsody on E’pang Palace 阿房宫赋rosary 念珠Royal edictRubble 碎石Rules and regulationssafe haven = soft / peaceful shelterSallow 蜡黄，灰黄Sapphire mountains and emerald riverssave up forsb grow out of …长大Scarlet cloudscheme against each otherScrape along/by艰难度日Scurry/hasten homewardssedan-chairSee the light of day 出版问世Seek a livingseek solaceSentimental value 纪念价值Servant girlSet one’s mind on sth/ to do sthShadow boxingshed tears over…shoulder pole 扁担Shout / yell one’s head offShrug off one’s words = distrustShy away from…= avoid…Sicken to seesidelong glancesideway growthSign with regretSit bolt uprightSize sb upSleep on/oversmart alecksnatch awaySocial strataSodden 浸湿的Sound trailed off.Sparkling starSpeak volubly 口若悬河Spell disasterSpell disasterspin cotton into yarn 纺纱Spring drizzleSpur oneself onStand to benefit in …可能/将会有利于Starry= star-studded= a constellation of performers and artistsStereotyped essaySth be ingrained 根深蒂固sth be written all over one’s faceStrengthen/toughen/brace up one’s spiritsstride over / brush / whiz / flit pastStroke the scar / chinSuperb attractionsupercilious 高傲的supplicate 恳求Supreme duty 最大责任swagger 昂首阔步走sweat streams down face.TadpoleTake … at face value 只看表面take … very much to heartTake sb to task= severely reproach/reprimand sbtake to sth/doingtaste of = look likeTattered clothesTear itself away fromTemple太阳穴，鬓角That’s final.the asking price 要价The hooting of an owlThe long night wore onamid(st) its dripping sound.The sea of mortals = the livingThere’s no limit to learning.Thinning hairTime and money he had noneTo complicate matters= to worsen the situationTo one’s heart’s contentto the effect that…大意是To the neglect of meals and sleepTo the tune of…touch off = sparkTower to the skyTram 有轨电车Treat sb/sth to…让某人享受…Tricolor 法国三色国旗Tumultuous = turbulentTurbid, sordid, corpulentTwig 树枝twine and climb 盘旋而上Twinkle / sparkle with…Twist and turnUmbilical cord 脐带unbosom oneselfUnder one’s wing / protectionUndiminished= remain strong = not recedingUnflinchinglyUnkempt = untidyunruffled = calm = placid unsettled lifeUnshirkable responsibility Usurp the throneUtter/let out a sound Venerable Guovenomous = malicious verandaVermin = harmful people / object Vie in doing sth wane = pine away = wear awayWayside flower 路边野花Waywardness 任性Wear an air of casual indifferenceWear and tear of timeWeeping willowWell upWheat in the ear 芒种whetstone 磨刀石Whimper = sobWhims and desires 奇思幻想white poplar 白杨Wide erudition 博学Wind up staying…With no strings attachedWither away in solitude 在孤寂中凋零Without a soul in sightwryly = ironically2.SentenceA feeling of forlornness will begin to creep up on you.A glimmer of light filters into …A keen / biting/ stinging / cutting / savage satireA life free from worries and caresA matter of survival or extinctionA soldier knows no compromise.As fresh as ever in my memoryAs smooth as a mirror道滑如拭Be beside oneself / overwhelmed with joy / rageBe entranced / attracted / enthralled / enticedBe fraught with (dreams/concerns)Be more than eager to do…Be reserved and content to live in obscurityBe worthy of remembranceBring… into closer contact with…Convey one’s regards to…Cries gradually recede from hearing.discredit / disgrace sb in publicDrink nonstop to…= propose repeated toasts Endure countless hardshipsGraduate with honorsHarbor/have an enmity against…Hardly be able to escape censureHave sth to recommend itself 总是好的He never made enough money.His debts mounted with each passing year.how many days I’ve got = I’m entitled toI feel duty-bound to… = I feel it incumbent on me to…It filled me with much concern to learn of your indisposition. Lapse into sympathetic silenceMake a still better place of…Merge into a harmonious wholemuffledMy heart was tramping / racing / pounding.My heart’s throbbing with gratitude.nocturnal merry-making under candle-lightsRegister/record the days of youthrelive old days/timesSee through the vanity of human societyThe choice is yours / lies in you.There reigns peace and quietness.There’s no denying the fact that…There’s nothing but stillness there.A strip of water should have become so vast a distance=keep us poles apartBe representative/typical/symbolic/emblematic/quintessential of…Climb (up) the social ladder = rise to power and positionFulfill the task imposed on you and your father by historyIf I were the sea-tide, I’d marshal rolling waves to cleanse the beach of all accumulated filth. Lots of things are apt to fade away as one’s life experience accumulatesPlunge/throw/thrust/thrash the house into deep darknessthe greatest / best … that ever breathed since time immemorialWith/have a slight touch/portion/shade/trace/tint of regret 微叹。