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(完整版)英语中最常用的词根词缀

英语中最常用的词根词缀1、词根1) aer, ar, 含义是“空气,大气” aeroplane, aerial,2) ag, act, ig, 含义是“做,动作” active, agent, reaction,3) alt, 含义是“高”,altitude4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是“其它,变更” alternate,6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是“短” brief, abbreviation, abridge(节略)7) cap, capt, cept, cip, 含义是“取,获” capture, except, concept, capacity8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是“行,让步” proceed, succeed, exces过s(度)9) centr, centr, 含义是“中心” concentrate, eccentric偏( 心的)10) claim, 含义是“呼喊” claim, proclaim, exclaim11) clos, clud, 含义是“闭合” conclude, enclose, icnlude12) col, cult, 含义是“耕耘” colony, cultivate, agriculture13) cor, cord, 含义是“心” cordial, record, accord14) curr, cur, cour, 含义是“跑,动作” current, occur, concurrence同( 时发生)15) dic, dict, 含义是“说,示” dictate, edit, indicate, predict16) doc, doct, 含义是“教” docto,r document.17) duc, duct 含义是“引导,传导” introduce, produce, conduct, deduct( 推论)18) fact, fac, fect, dic, dit, 含义是“做,创造” factory, effect, profit, faculty, perfect19) fend, fens, 含义是“打,击” defence, offence20) fer, 含义是“搬运,移转” ferry, transfer, defer迟( 延)21) fin, finit, 含义是“终,极” final, finish, confine22) firm, 含义是“坚固” firm, confirm, affirm(断定)23) fix, 含义是“固定” prefix, affix(附加)24) flect, flex, 含义是“弯曲” flexible, reflex25) flor, flour, flower, 含义是“花” flower, flourish26) form, 含义是“形” uniform, formula, transform, reform, deform27) forc, fort, 含义是“力,强度” force, enforce, effort28) gen, genit, 含义是“生产,发生” generate, generation29) gram, graph, 含义是“书写,记录” telegram, diagram, photograph30) grad, gress, gred, gree, 含义是“步,阶段” gradually, degree, progress31) hab, habit, hibit, 含义是“保持,住” inhabit, exhibit, prohibit32) her, hes, 含义是“粘附” adhere, cohesion33) ject, jet, 含义是“抛射” project, inject34) jour, 含义是“日,一天” journal日( 记), journey, adjourn( 延期)35) jug, junct, 含义是“结合,连合” conjunction, junction(连合)36) labour, labor, 含义是“劳动,工作” labourer, elaborate, collaborate37) lect, leg, lig, 含义是“挑选,采集” collect, select, lecture38) lif, liv, 含义是“生活,生存” life, alive, live39) loc, 含义是“场所,位置” location, dislocate脱( 位)40) long, leng, ling, 含义是“长的” length, prolong, linger41) loqu, locut, 含义是“说话”c olloquial, eloquent,42) mand, mend, 含义是“命令” command, demand, recommend43) man, manu, 含义是“手,手法” manage, manual44) memor, menber, 含义是“记忆” memory, remember, memorial45) mind, ment, 含义是“心” mind, remind, mental46) merc, merch, 含义是“贸易” commerce, merchant47) meas, mens, meter, metr, 含义是“测量,度量” measure, meter, diameter48) min, 含义是“小” diminish, minority49) miss, mit, 含义是“派遣,送” mission, dismiss, transmit, missile50) mob, mot, mov, 含义是“动” movement, motion, mobile, remove51) nect, nex, 含义是“捆扎” connect, discnonect, annex(合并)52) not, 含义是“记号,注意” note, denote, annotation注( 释)53) onom, onym, 含义是“名字” synonym, antonym, anonymous54) pair, par, 含义是“ a相) 同,对等b)准备” compare, prepare55) pel, puls, 含义是“追逐” expel, impel推( 进)56) pend, pens, pond, 含义是“悬挂” depend, independen, texpense(支付)57) phon, 含义是“声音” symphony, telephone, microphone58) plac, 含义是“位置,场所” place, replace59) peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民,民众” public, republic, popular, people60) port, 含义是“搬运” export, import, deport(输送)61) press, 含义是“压,压制” pressure, express, oppress, impression62) prob, proof, prov, 含义是“实验,验证” prove, approve,63) quer, quest, quir, quis, 含义是“寻找,探问” inquiry, question, inquisition(调查,追究)64) rang, rank, 含义是“排列” arrange, rank65) rect, right, rig, 含义是“正,直” correct, direct, erect66) riv, 含义是“河流,流远”,river, arrive, derive67) rupt, 含义是“破坏,毁坏” eruption, bankrupt, corruption68) sci, 含义是“认识,知识” science, conscious69) scrib, script, 含义是“书写,记录” describe, script70) sens, sent, 含义是“感觉,情感” sensation, sentiment71) sign, 含义是“标记,符号” signal, signature, design72) sembl, simil, 含义是“相似,类似” similar, resemble, assimilate同( 化)73) soci, 含义是“结合,社交” social, association74) spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看,视” inspect, spectator, conspicuous, respect75) struct, 含义是“建筑,构造” structure, construct, instruct, destruction76) tect, teg, 含义是“遮蔽,掩盖” detect, protect77) temp, tens, 含义是“时间,时机” tense, contemporary, temporal78) tend, tes, tent, 含义是“倾向, 伸张” tendency, intension, extend, intend79) test, 含义是“证明,证实” testify, protest, contest争( 论)80) text, 含义是“编织,构成” textile, texture, context81) tract, trail, 含义是“拖拉,吸引” attract, tractor, abstract, contract收( 缩)82) tribut, 含义是“给予” contribution, distribute83) us, ut, 含义是“用,使用” usable, utilize, abuse84) vac, van, 含义是“空,虚” vacancy, vanity, evacuate清( 空)85) vad, vas, wad, 含义是“走,去” invadew, ade, evade(逃避)86) vers, vert, 含义是“旋转,反转” convert, inversion倒( 转),reverse, divert( 使转向)87) vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看,看见” television, visible, evident, interview, survey 88)viv, vit, 含义是“生,活” vivid, vital, survival89)war, ward, 含义是“注意,保护” aware, wary谨(慎),ward(守护)90)way, 含义是“路” way, away, subway, always 二、词缀(一)前缀1. 表示否定意义的前缀1)纯否定前缀a-, an-, asymmetry(不对称)anhydrous(无水的)dis- dishonest, dislikein-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, nonsense neg-, neglectun- unable, unemployment2)表示"错误"的意义male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调) mis-, mistake, mislead pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience(伪科学)3)表示"反动作"的意思de-, defend, demodulation(解调) dis-, disarm, disconnect un-, unload, uncover4)表示"相反,相互对立"意思anti-, ant- antiknock(防震), antiforeign(排外的) contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow(逆流) ounter-, counterreaction, counterbalance ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy with-, withdraw, withstand2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀1)a-表示“在⋯⋯之上”,“向⋯⋯”aboard, aside2)by- 表示“附近,邻近,边侧” bypath, bypass弯(路)3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围,环绕,回转” circumstance, circuit4)de-, 表示“在下,向下” descend, degrade5)en-, 表示“在内,进入” encage, enbe上d(床)6)ex-, ec-, es-,表示“外部,外” exit, eclipse, expand,e xport7)extra-,表示“额外” extraction 提(取)8)fore- 表示“在前面” forehead, foreground9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内,在内,背于” inland, invade, inside, import10)inter-, intel-, 表示“在⋯⋯间,相互” international, interaction, internet11)intro-, 表示“向内,在内,内侧” introduce, introduce12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中,中间” Mediterranean, midposition13)out-,表示“在上面,在外部,在外” outline, outside, outward14)over-, 表示“在上面,在外部,向上” overlook, overhead, overboard15)post-,表示"向后,在后边,次” postscript附(言)16) pre-,表示"在前”在前面” prefix, preface, preposition17) pro-,表示“在前,向前” progress, proceed18) sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-,表示“在下面,下” subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement19) super-, sur-,表示“在⋯..之上” superficial, surface, superstructure20) trans-, 表示“移上,转上,在那一边” translate, transform, transoceanic21) under-,表示“在⋯..下面,下的” underline, underground, underwater22) up-, 表示“向上,向上面,在上” upward, uphold, uphill(上坡)3. 表示时间,序列关系的前缀1) ante-, anti-,表示“先前,早于,预先” antecedent, anticipate2) ex-,表示“先,故,旧” expresident, exhusband3) fore-, 表示“在前面,先前,前面” foreward, dorecast, foretlel( 预言)4) mid-, medi-, 表示“中,中间” midnight, midsummer5) post-" 表示“在后,后” postwar6) pre-, pri-, 表示“在前,事先,预先” preheat, prewar, prehistory7) pro-,表示“在前,先,前” prologue序( 幕),prophet(预言家)8) re-, 表示“再一次,重新” retell, rewrite4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀1) by-,表示“副,次要的” byproduct, bywork(副业)2) extra-, 表示“超越,额外” extraordinary3) hyper-表示“超过,极度” hypersonic超( 声波), hypertesion(高血压)4) out-,表示“超过,过分” outdo超( 过), outbid(出价过高的人)5) over- ,表示“超过,过度,太” overeat, overdress, oversleep6) sub-, suc-, sur-,表示“低,次,副,亚” subeditor, subordinate, subtropical亚( 热带)7) super-, sur-表示“超过” supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass8) under-,表示“低劣,低下” undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足)9) vice- 表示“副,次” vicepresident, vicechairman5. 表示"共同,相等"意思的前缀1) com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示“共同,一起”。

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