动词及动词短语【2007全国Ⅰ】Does this meal cost $50? I_______ something far better than this!A. preferB. expectC. suggestD. suppose【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。
expect期望, 期盼。
句意：这顿花50美元？原以为这顿饭会更好一些。
prefer更喜欢；suggest建议，表明, 暗示；suppose认为。
题中表明说话者失望的心情。
【语言学习】expect1. 预期，预料Hunter expects that she will come. 亨特预料她会来。
2. 期望，希望，指望Parents usually expect too much of their children. 父母通常都对子女寄予过大希望。
Don't be too critical. We can't expect it to be perfect. 别太挑剔了，我们不能期望它完美无缺。
【2007全国Ⅱ】I have_______ all my papers but I still can’t find my notes.A. looked throughB. looked forC. looked afterD. looked out 【答案】A【解析】考查短语动词辨析。
look through浏览, 检查，审核，仔细查看。
句意：我仔细查看了我所有的试卷, 但仍没找到我的笔记。
look for寻找；look after照顾；look out当心, 注意。
【语言学习】look through1.穿过……看去Look through this window and you'll see a beautiful garden. 透过这扇窗户你会看到一个美丽的花园。
2. 看透；看穿；识破How did she look through his trick? 她是怎么识破他的把戏?3.检查；审核The committee looked through his proposal before approving it. 委员会审查了他的提议以后才通过了它。
4. 浏览；(从头到尾)粗略地翻阅；温习(功课等)She spent the whole night looking through the student's homework. 她花了一晚上看学生的作业。
He looked through his notes before the final examination. 他期末考试前温习了自己的笔记。
【2007全国Ⅰ】“Goodbye, then, ”she said, without even_______ from her book.A. looking downB. looking upC. looking awayD. looking on 【答案】B【解析】考查短语动词辨析。
look up 抬头, 向上看。
句意：“再见,” 她说，甚至没有抬头。
look down俯视，向下看；look away把脸转过去；look on旁观。
【语言学习】look up1. 向上看，抬头看When he looked up, he saw the boss.他抬起头时看到了老板。
2. 查阅(词典或参考书)，(在词典、参考书等中)查找：I have looked it up in the encyclopedia.我已经在百科全书中查到它了。
Ellen said that she did not know Robert’s number but that she would look it up in the telephone book. 艾伦说她不知道罗勃的电话号码，但是她呆以从电话簿上查出来。
【2007全国Ⅱ】Why don’t y ou just _______ your own business and leave me alone?A. makeB. openC. considerD. mind【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
mind your own business管你自己的事情，别多管闲事。
句意：为什么你管你自己的事情，把我放在一边？mind1. 照料，看管；照看；照管Our neighbour is minding our dog while we're on holiday. 我们出去度假时，邻居照看我们的狗。
2. 注意；留心，当心，留神Mind that step; it's loose! 当心那块踏板，它松开了。
3. 专心于to mind one's study 专心于学习4. [多用于否定句或疑问句] 介意；反对：Do you mind my closing the window? 我关窗您不会介意吧?5. [多用于否定句或疑问句]介意；反对I'm sure she won't really mind. 我相信她不会真正介意的。
6. [非规范用语]要紧You've taken away our best teachers, but that did not mind. 你把我们最好的老师都弄走了，但是那不要紧。
【2007天津】Lucy has _______ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.A. acquiredB. finishedC. concludedD. achieved【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
achieve实现(目标、目的等)。
句意：露西在高中已实现了自己制定的所有目标, 并准备在大学迎接新的挑战。
acquire获得，取得，学到；finish完成，结束，用完；conclude推断，作结论。
achieve 完成任务等；实现目标、目的等；赢得胜利She hoped to achieve her ambition to become a singer. 她希望实现当歌唱家的抱负。
He achieved his goal by peaceful means. 他通过和平手段达到了他的目的。
to achieve victory取得胜利【2007上海】At minus 130℃, a living cell can be_______ for a thousand years.A. sparedB. protectedC. preservedD. developed【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。
preserve保存。
句意：在零下130℃, 一个活细胞可以保存一千年时间。
spare节约，吝惜，饶恕；protect保护，防卫；develop开发，使成长，使显影。
【语言学习】Preservepreserve1. 保护；防护；维护Wax polish preserves wood and leather. 上光蜡可以保护木材和皮革。
2. 保存；防腐；保藏The ancient Egyptians knew ways to preserve dead bodies from decay. 古埃及人懂得保存尸体，使之不会腐烂的方法。
3.保留，留存Few of her early articles are preserved. 她早期的文章没有几篇留存下来。
【2007天津】Hardly could he_______ this amount of work in such a short time.A. get throughB. get offC. get intoD. get down【答案】A【考点】本题考查动词短语辨析。
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。
get through完成工作。
句意：在如此短的时间内他几乎不能完成这些工作。
get off动身，下车，免于受罚；get into进入，染上(习惯)，陷入；get down使沮丧；记下。
【语言学习】get through1. 通过The woman was so fat that she couldn't get through the doorway. 这女人胖得连门都通不过。
2. 通过考试John has got through the examination. 约翰已经通过考试了。
3.通过法案Buy now before the tax increase gets through next week! 在下周的增税法案通过前，现在就购买吧!4. (电话等)打通，接通The operator finally got me through. 接线员最终给我接通了电话。
5. 到达，使送到：If more supplies do not get through, thousands of refugees will die. 如果没有更多的物资送到，上千名难民将会死亡。
6. (使)被理解；(使)被接受：We can't get it through to him that using drugs is bad for his health. 我们没法使他明白吸毒对他健康的危害。
7. 处理工作；完成工作I have a pile of papers to get through before my leaving. 我离开之前有一堆文件要处理。
8. 度过，熬过困难时期等I don't know how they get through these cold winters. 我不知道他们是如何熬过这些寒冷的冬天的。
【2007安徽】—Didn’t you have a good t ime at the party?—Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to_______ so quickly.A. go byB. go awayC. go outD. go over【答案】A【解析】考查短语动词辨析。
go by (时间)逝去，过去。
句意：—在晚会上难道玩得不高兴吗?—当然高兴。
事实上,我感觉很高兴,以至于时间很快就过去了。
【语言学习】以go为中心go about开始做某事；忙于某事 go across度过，越过go after 追逐，追求，跟随go against反对，不利于go ahead前进，进展，继续go along with 陪伴，和……一道走go away离开，走掉go by经过，过去go for支持，赞成；适用于，去(取、拿) go off走开；爆炸go on继续，接下去go out 出去；熄灭；送出；播出go over温习，检查go through审查，履行；通过；经历，忍受go up上升，上涨；攀登go without 没有……也行。