一、高中英语任务型阅读1．Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Spacewalk!Most people don't know that the anniversary of an important event in space exploration occurred last month. On March 18, 1965, spaceman Aleksi Leonov became the first human to complete an Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) or spacewalk. It marked the first time that a human was able to leave a spacecraft and operate in the emptiness of space. It is a dangerous procedure, but one that is vital for the success of manned space missions.________ In space, a spacesuit must protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide. ________ Too much of it, and the spacesuit becomes firm and difficult to move in. Too little of it, and astronauts can become dangerously sick after returning to their spacecraft.Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits. They have logged many hours repairing and upgrading equipment on satellites during EVAs. ________ On July 20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity—about 17 percent of Earth's, which means Neil needed a special suit for walking on the moon's surface. Suits for the moon are equipped for exploration far from any vehicles, including tough boots that can resist cuts from the rough surface while walking. But sharp rocks weren't the only danger to astronauts.The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles (颗粒) left over from the numerous meteorite(陨石) strikes on the moon. ________ When astronauts would leave the moon's gravity, the dust on their suits began floating all over. It got into delicate equipment inside the spacecraft and the astronaut's eyes and lungs. As different space agencies plan for returning people to the moon, new EVA suit designs will have to take something else into account. Keeping astronauts safe also means keeping their suits clean.A. However, EVAs don't just happen in empty space.B. It sticks to everything, eventually causing joints and seals to fail.C. Spacesuits also have to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk.D. Unfortunately, most people have no idea about space exploration or spacesuits.E. Without the ability to work in space, we are unable to keep our space programs functional.F. There are a few things that must be taken into account to make an EVA both safe and effective 【答案】 F；C；A；B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。
1965年3月18日，宇航员阿列克谢·列奥诺夫成为完成舱外活动(EVA)第一人。
现在，宇航员穿着现代宇航服在太空从事许多复杂的工作。
为了保证宇航员的安全，新宇航服的设计也有更高的要求。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后" In space, a spacesuit must protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide."可知宇航服必须保护人们免受极冷和极热的伤害，提供空气，并去除多余的二氧化碳。
F.There are a few things that must be taken into account to make an EVA both safe and effective“为了使舱外活动在太空中既安全又有效，有几件事必须被考虑进去”承接上文，a few things就是指后文的protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide. 故选F。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“Too much of it, and the spacesuit becomes firm and difficult to move in. Too little of it, and astronauts can become dangerously sick after returning to their spacecraft.”可知（气压）太高的话，宇航服就会变硬，很难穿进去。
如果（气压）过低，宇航员回到飞船后可能会生病。
连接下文， C. Spacesuits also have to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk.“宇航服还必须在（宇航员）太空行走时保持理想的气压。
”切题。
C项的air pressure与下文的代词it相呼应。
故选C。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前"Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits"可知宇航员现在穿着现代宇航服，在空旷的太空中从事复杂的工作；再根据空后“On July 20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the firs t time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity”可知除了在太空工作，1969年美国宇航员阿姆斯特朗第一次登上月球。
承上启下，月球上没有大气，但有地球引力。
A. However, EVAs don't just happen in empty space.“然而，舱外活动并不只是发生在广阔的太空中。
”切题，故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前"The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles(颗粒) left over from the numerous meteorite (陨石) strikes on the moon"可知月球表面覆盖着一种灰尘，这种灰尘由撞上月亮的陨石留下的小颗粒组成的。
承接上文，B. It sticks to everything, eventually causing joints and seals to fail.“它可以粘在任何东西上，最终导致连接和密封（的东西）没法用。
”切题。
B项的it代指前文的a fine and flour-like dust。