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初一英语上册(人教版)重点语法总结

初一英语上册(人教版)重点语法总结名词:所有事物的名称1,名词的种类:专有名词:首字母大写(山脉,河流,国家等)China普通名词:首字母不大写(普通的事物的名称)desk ,pen2,名词的数:可数名词:可以数的名词(有单复数)ruler,pen,pencil不可数名词:不可以数的名词(没有单复数)bread,meat,water,可数名词变化规则1,一般加s,例如:pen---pens2,以s,sh,ch,x结尾加es,例如:bus—buses,brush—brushes,watch—watches,box—boxes3,以辅音字母加y结尾,去掉y为I 加es 例如:baby---babies4,以f,fe 结尾,去掉f,fe 加ves life---lives,leaf---leaves5,以有生命的o 结尾加es 例如:hero---heroes,tomato---tomatoes,potato---potatoes,mango---mangoes6,复合名词遇见man,woman两个词时,两个名词都要加复数A man teacher---two men teachers不规则的变化Is,am----are,his,her,its----their,does---do,has---have,his,hers,its---theirs,Isn’t ---aren’t ,I ---we,you---you,me---us,he,she,it---they,him,her,it---them,Your---your,yours---yours,my---our,mine---ours,that---those,this---these,fish—fish,sheep---sheep,deer---deer,Chinese---Chinese,Japanese---Japanese,man---men,woman—women,tooth---teeth,foot---feet,mouse---mice单数句变成复数句This is my book--- These are our books不可数名词的量化A cup of 一杯。

,a glass of 。

一玻璃杯,a tin of 。

一听。

,a can of 。

一罐。

,A box of 。

一盒子。

,a bag of 。

一包。

,a bar of 。

一条。

,a piece of 。

一片。

例如:I have a cup of water 我有一杯水I have two cups of water 我有两杯水I have a box of apples 我有一箱苹果,I have two boxes of apples 我有两箱苹果名词所有格:人:名词+‘s 或者名词s +’例如:Tom’s bag,Teachers’ desks物:名词+of +名词例如:a bag of my school双重所有格:s’+of a friend of my father’sLily and Lucy’s room 丽丽和露西的房间(共有的)Lily’s and Lucy’s rooms 丽丽和露西的房间(各自有的)介词和时间的搭配:at<on<inat 点时间,at 7:00 在七点on 具体日期on Monday 在星期一in 年,季节,世纪in 1998,in July,in this century介词和地点的搭配At 具体的地点:at the airport 在机场,at the doctor’s 在医院On 在平面上,on the farm 在农场上In 在。

里面,in the park 在公园里,in Guiyang,在贵阳There be 句型:某地有某物,(就近原则)There is a pen and two pencils =There are two pencils and a penAsk 。

about 询问关于I ask you about my school我询问你关于我的学校Ask 。

for 向。

要。

I ask you for some books 我向你要一些书Thanks for sth 谢谢某物Thanks for your book 谢谢你的书Thanks for doing sth 谢谢做某事,Thanks for giving me a book 谢谢你给我一本书句型转换肯定句----否定句有be,be后加not,有情(can),情后加not,没be 和情时,don’t ,doesn’t 来充数,位置放在动词前,动词还原要牢记,doesn’t 跟着他,她,它。

He is happy ---He is not happyHe can run---He can’t runHe likes apples ---He doesn’t like applesI like bananas ---I don’t like bananas肯定句---一般疑问句有be,be 句首,有情(can),情句首,没be 和情时,Do,Does 放句首,动词还原要牢记,Does 跟着他,她,它He is happy---Is he happy?He can run ---Can he run ?He likes apples ----Does he like apples ?I like bananas ---Do you like bananas ?Be动词的搭配,am 跟我,are 跟你,单数is ,复数are ,is 跟着他,她,它I am ,you are ,he is ,she is ,it is ,we are ,they are ,Tom is , Boys are冠词的用法:定冠词:the,不定冠词:a,an定冠词的用法:特指:There is a pen on the desk那儿有一支钢笔在书桌上2,文中第二次提起:I have a pen ,the pen is blue 我有一支钢笔,这支钢笔是蓝色的。

3,世界上独一无二的事物:The sun is red 太阳是红色的4,在西洋乐器前,I can play the piano我能弹钢琴5,在姓氏复数前,表示一家人The Greens 格林一家6,形容词前,表示一类事物,The young are happy年亲人很开心7,形容词的最高级:He is the tallest boy 他是最高的男孩8,序数词前:The second boy is Peter 第二个男孩是皮特9,部分专有名词:The Great Wall 长城不定冠词的用法辅音用a,元音用an,可数单数才用它A pen,an orange ,an apple ,an egg ,an ice cream ,an umbrella ,a useful book ,a“u”,an “F”,an“L”,an“M”,an“N”,an“x”,an“s”不用冠词:1,一日三餐前:I have lunch 我吃中餐2,球类,棋类,I play chess 我下象棋,Iplayfootball我踢足球3,星期I go to school on Monday 我在星期一去上学4,月份:Children’s Day is in June儿童节在六月5,年份He was born in2002他出生于2002年6,节日前:On Teachers’ Day 在教师节7,学科前:I have math class 我上数学课8,语言:I speak English well 我说英语很好代词:人称代词:主格:I you he she it they we我你/你们他她它他们/她们/它们我们宾格:me you him her it them us位置:主在前,宾在后,介词,动词在中间I like apples 我喜欢苹果My teacher likes me 我的老师喜欢我物主代词:形容词性物主代词:my your his her its our their 我的你的/你们的他的她的它的我们的他们的名词性物主代词mine yours his hers its ours theirs位置:形物放在名词前,名物放在动两边My book is here 我的书在这里Mine is good 我的很好I like yours 我喜欢你的Many 和much 的区别I have many books 我有许多书(可数名词复数)I have much water我有许多水(不可数名词)How much is the book?这本书多少钱?(价钱)Some和any 的区别I have some books 我有一些书(肯定句)Do you have any books ?你有书吗?(疑问句)Idon’t have any books 我没有书(否定句)Can I have some water ?我能喝些水吗?(请求)数词序数词:first,second ,third (有顺序的数词)基数词:one ,two,three(基本的数字的词语)基数词---序数词:One---first,two---second ,three---third,four---fourth,five---fifth,eight---eighth,nine---ninthTwelve---twelfth,twenty---twentieth,twenty—one---twenty-first’基数词+名词复数:I have two books 我有两本书序数词+名词单数:He is the third boy 他是第三个男孩。

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