兰州一中2018-2019-2学期高一年级5月月考英语第I卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10 小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

AMother Teresa (August 26, 1910-September 5, 1997) was a great woman, who did a lot to improve the social condition of mankind. Due to her contribution in serving the society, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize aged 69.She was brought up in a Catholic family. When she was only seven, she lost her father. Even as a young child, she was interested in the life of missionaries (传教士). At the age of 18, she decided that she would become a nun. She left her home and went to join the Sisters of Loreto. It was the first step that she made towards providing services for mankind.On the 7th of October in the year 1950, Mother Teresa received Vatican permission to start the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, the mission of which would be to take care of the needy, the homeless, and people who were shunned by the society. Then it had a number of branches all over the country. The journey o f Mother Teresa’s Missionaries of Charity started with the setting up of homes for "the Dying".In the year 1983, Mother Teresa suffered from a serious heart attack, while she was in Rome. However, she recovered. But, later in 1989, she again got an attack. Her health went worse and in the year 1991, she suffered from pneumonia. Taking her health problems into consideration, Mother Teresa decided to resign (辞职) from the post of head of the order.A secret vote was conducted in which all the nuns voted for the stay of Mother Teresa except herself. So, she agreed to continue serving as head of the Missionaries of Charity. Day by day her health was getting worse. On September 5, 1997, exactly nine days after her 87th birthday, this great soul departed for heaven.1．Why did Mother Teresa devote her life to the religious life?A．Because her parents had a deep influence on her.B．Because she wanted to provide services for others.C．Because she thought the life of missionaries simple.D．Because she came to know the Sisters of Loreto.2．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word "shunned" ?A．Cared. B．Concerned.C．Ignored. D．Affected.3．Why did Mother Teresa decide to resign from her post?A．She realized she couldn’t fully serve the people in need.B．She was only worried about her health condition.C．She wished to lead a more comfortable life.D．She knew a heart attack would take her life away at any time.BGenetic engineering, in its broadest definition, means to control a species so that a particular trait is increased in the population. A trait is how an organism (有机体) looks oracts or what it does. Having brown eyes is a trait. Flying in circles is a trait. Climbing trees isa trait.The earliest forms of genetic engineering occurred on farms. People selected seedsfrom plants that had more fruit production or tastier leaves than other plants of their types. Then they chose to save the seeds from the best of that group to sow the next year. So, year by year, the farmers produced better and better crops. This type of activity probably hasbeen going on since mankind first settled in villages and began making a life for themselvesin one location, about 12,000 years ago!The same sort of thing would have also happened with animals. For example, people chose to eat the animals that didn’t have favorable traits and let the animals with the favorabletraits reproduce. It was thousands of years before mankind figured out how plants and animals reproduce themselves. With this knowledge, people could pollinate (授粉) plantsby hand or keep a pair of animals together in order to deliberately cause an increase in afavorable trait.It was only in the last 250 years that scientists began figuring out chromosomes (染色体) and genes and the role they play in the way one generation passes its traits on to thenext. And it’s only been in the last 30 years that scientists have been able to cut out specific genes from one organism and put them in another. It is this 30- year-old technology that is described by the narrow definition of genetic engineering. Mankind has long been able tohave a deliberate impact on the world around him. He now possesses the tools todeliberately impact himself. Some people are afraid of what might be done with that power. 4．The text is mainly developed by ______.A．asking questionsB．examining differencesC．making comparisonsD．giving examples5．Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ______.A．the spread of genetic engineeringB．the advantage of genetic engineeringC．the original application of genetic engineeringD．the popularity of genetic engineering6．The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to ______.A．specific genes B．special traitsC．chromosomes D．scientists7．What can we learn about genetic engineering from the last paragraph?A．It has a history of 250 years by the narrow definition of genetic engineering.B．Scientists don’t know how to make good use of it.C．People have a misunderstanding of it in the past 30 years.D．It is becoming a powerful tool of mankind.CAmerican high school students are terrible writers, and one education reform groupthinks it has an answer: robots. Or, more accurately, robot-readers—computersprogrammed to scan students’ essays and spit out a grade.Mark Shermis, professor of the College of Education at the University of Akron, ishelping to hold a contest, set up by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (WFHF),which promises $ 100,000 in prize money to programmers who write the best automateda high school teacher and you give a writing task, you’re walkin grading software. “If you’rehome with 150 essays,” Shermis said. “You’re going to need some help.”Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s, but computers back thenwere not up to the task. In the late 1990s, as technology improved, several textbooks andtesting companies jumped into the field. Today, computers are used to grade essays onSouth Dakota’s student writing assessments and a handful of other exams, including theTOEFL test of English fluency, taken by foreign students.The Hewlett contest aims to show that computers can grade as well as Englishteachers—only much more quickly and without all that depressing red ink. “Automateddiately. If students finishessay scoring is objective,” Shermis said. “And it can be done immean essay at 10 pm, they will get a result at 10: 01 pm.”Take, for instance, the Intelligent Essay Assessor, a web-based tool marketed by Pearson Education, Inc. Within seconds, it can analyze an essay for spelling, grammar, organization,and help students to make revisions. The program scans for key words and analyzessemantic (语义的) patterns, and Pearson claims that it can understand the meaning of textmuch the same as a human reader.8．The text is written to introduce ______.A．education reform in AmericaB．robot-readersC．Hewlett contestD．William and Flora Hewlett Foundation9．From Paragraph 3, we know that in the 1960s ______.A．Computers were not easy to getB．Automated grading software was popularde essays automaticallyC．Computers couldn’t graD．People refused automated essay grading10．The Intelligent Essay Assessor can ______.A．Rewrite essaysB．Underline the mistakes in red inkC．Correct key words and patternsD．Understand the meaning of text第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。