• 元音是指发音时气流通过口腔或鼻腔时，不 受任何阻碍，同时声带振动。英语中的元音 共有20个。
• 辅音是指发音时，气流从肺部压出来后，通 过口腔或鼻腔时受到各发音器官的阻碍，如 受到唇、齿、舌、咽喉等的阻碍而形成的音。 英语中的辅音音素按发音时声带是否振动可 以分为11个清辅音和17个浊辅音。
• 清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声 带振动。
very beautiful
/ ɜ:/
her [hə:] bird [ bə:d ] work [ wə:k ] shirt [ ʃə:t ] girl [ ɡə:l ] skirt [ skə:t ]
• /Ə:n/ /nƏ:s/ /tƏ:m/ /hƏ:/ /sƏ:/ /hƏ:d/ /Ə:n/
/sƏ:v/
/ə/
★注意事项 /ə/不出现在重读音节中，在词首或词中时发
音较模糊，在词尾时适当拖长。 ★发音练习
ago [ ə'ɡəu ] panda [ 'pændə ] brother [ 'brʌðə ] sister [ 'sistə ] winter [ 'wintə ] river [ 'rivə ] breakfast [‘brekfəst ]
/ɪ/
★发音要诀 （1）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，音短促。 （2）双唇扁平，牙床半合，上下齿之间可放
入一个小指尖。口腔肌肉松弛。 ★发音练习
/ⅰ / /ⅰ / /ⅰ / /ⅰ / /ⅰ/ /ⅰ /
pig 猪 bi g 大的 dig 挖 ki d 小孩子
kick 踢 pick 采摘
/ⅰ / kiss 吻 /ⅰ / sit 坐 / ⅰ / clip 回形针 /ⅰ / six 六 / ⅰ / chips 炸薯条
注意事项◆/ɪ/与/i:/发音的不同
（1）这是两个不同的音素， /i:/不是/ɪ/的单纯加长。
它们的发音口腔部位不完全相同。 （2）发/ɪ/音时，口腔肌肉松弛；发/i:/时口腔肌肉紧张。 （3） /ɪ/是短元音，发音短促； /i:/是长元音，发音细长。
/e/
★发音要诀 （1）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬高。 （2）双唇中常，上下齿间可容下一食指，口腔肌肉
going to take his mother to visit the Great Wall.
/ɑ:/
art [ ɑ:t ] hard [ hɑ:d ] star [ stɑ: ] card [ kɑ:d ] dark [ 'dɑ:k ] arm [ ɑ:m ] start [ stɑ:t ]
朗读下面的句子
(1)What colour is this bus? (2)Her son loves nothing but money. (3)It’s Sunday, but you must get up now. (4)Her cousin cut her finger last Monday. (5)He doesn’t have enough money, but he is
/ɔ:/
door [ dɔ: ] law [ lɔ: ] call [ kɔ:l ] more [ mɔ: ] small [ smɔ:l ] story [ 'stɔ:ri ] tall [tɔ:l]
朗读下面的句子
(1)Look before you leap. (2)It’s warm today. (3)Please open the door. (4)George saw a door on the wall. (5)Your daughter who is tall has bought four
/hƏ:t/
/bƏ:d/
朗读下面的句子
(1)The early bird catches the worm. (2)There are thirteen girls in the third picture. (3)Please turn to page thirty and read the
first dialogue. (4)The nurse in a dirty skirt is feeding the
朗读下面的句子
(1)Her younger sister is a teacher. (2)Did you forget the famous writer’s name? (3)After supper, he went to visit his younger
brother. (4)There is an eraser under the computer. (5)The second picture drew by my brother is
Milk/milk/ 牛奶 hit/hit/打，击中
minute/minit/分钟 city/siti/城市
fish/fiʃ / 鱼
hill/hil/小山
window/windəʊ/窗 happy/kæpi/快乐
fit /fit/ 适合的 thin/ θ in/瘦的
rabbit/ræbit/兔子 live/liv/居住
朗读下面的句子
(1)As a matter of fact, the man is fat. (2)The cat catches a fat rat. (3)A fat man ran after a black cat. (4)She has a black bag. (5)Mack comes back very late.
/i:/
★发音要诀
(1)舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量抬高。 (2)双唇扁平，牙床几乎半合。 (3)这是长元音，发音时嘴角向旁伸，做微笑
状，并要有一定的延长。
★发音练习
me [ mi:] see [ si: ] meet[ mi:t ] need [ ni:d ] feel [ 'fi:l ]
sea [ si: ] heat [ hi:t ] free [ fri: ] bee [ bi: ]
松弛。 ★注意事项 （1）发/e/ 音时，口不能张得太大。 （2）要避免舌头随便移动，从而发成其他的双元音。 ★发音练习
朗读下面的单词
leg [ leɡ ] tell [ tel ] desk [ desk ] bed [ bed ] bread [ bred ]
Leg/leg/腿 egg/eg/鸡蛋 Bed/bed/床 desk/desk/桌子 Pen/pen/笔 elephant/elifənt/大象 get/get/获得 seven/sevən/七 Yes/jes/是的 eleven/ɪlevən/十一
朗读下面的句子
(1)There is a large park near the farm. (2)A fast car passed through the park. (3)Her father is counting the stars in a dark
house. (4)He didn’t pass the exam, for it’s rather
hard. (5)Her farther put the card into the basket.
/ɒ/
hot [ hɔt ] stop [ stɔp ] not [ nɔt ] box [ bɔks ] sorry [ 'sɔri ] what [wɔt ]
fox dog pot clock
朗读下面的句子
(1)I got a job as a pop song singer. (2)Barking dogs do not bite. (3)---What’s this?
---It’s a clock. (4)There are many hot dogs in the shop. (5)The dog stopped on the top of the hill.
/ / bed 床 / / belt 腰带 / / pet 宠物 / / egg 蛋 / / leg 腿 / / desk 书桌
朗读下面的句子
(1)It is never too late to mend. (2)He has already passed the test. (3)Fresh vegetables are good for our health. (4)So many men, so many minds. (5)Let’s get ready for the lesson.
Is/iz/
是
this/ðis/这个
music/mju:zik/音乐
his/hiz/ 他的
fifteen/fifti:n/十五
朗读下面的句子
(1)This is a pig. (2)Jim is as thin as a pin. (3)Dick often sits on the hill. (4)Bill lives in this village. (5)It is a pity, this city is too noisy.
right foot.
/U:/
shoe [ ʃu: ] food [ fu:d ] cool [ ku:l ] room [ ru:m ] noodle [ 'nu:dl ]
• 国际英文26个字母及发音音标
• 26个英文字母 [bi:] C c [si:]
We/wi:/我们 me/mi:/ 我（宾格） she /ʃi: /她 knee/ni:/膝盖 We/wi:/我们 Tree/ tr i:/树 Chinese/tʃaini:z/ Sheep/ʃi:p/羊 three /θri:/三
canteen/cænti:n/ These/ði:z/这些
朗读下面的句子
balls.