初中英语名词讲解及专项练习（含答案）1．名词一．介绍名词含义:名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。
二．名词的分类：专有名词( 人名，地名，机构)William，Linda, Canada，China，the United Nations, WTO普通名词可数名词: 包括单数(只有一个) 和复数(两个以上).不可数名词: 只有单数.物质名词milk，water，tea，bread，beef, meat, rice，fish，coffee，sugar，salt抽象名词information，friendship，knowledge，work，advice，science, news,weather三．重点:单数名词变复数名词的规则：1. 一般情况下，加“s”. eg: books，stamps，pens，tables2. 以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，加“es”eg: buses，boxes，foxes，watches，matches，beaches，coaches, brushes3. 以“o ”, 结尾的，加“es ”or “s ”eg: Negroes [ˈni:grəʊ]、heroes、volcanoes [vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ]、tomatoes、potatoes、radios、pianos、zoos、photos、bamboos、video需加es的记忆技巧：黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）在火山上（volcano）爱吃西红柿（tomato）和土豆（potato）4.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的，把“y”变为“i”，再加“es ”.eg: city -- cities，country -- countries，family -- families, story -- stories 5. 以“f”或“fe”结尾的，把“f”或“fe”变为“ves”。
eg: thief—thieves wife—wives life -- lives half—halves leaf -- leaves，knife -- knives，wolf –wolves, shelf—shelves, loaf—loaves记忆技巧：贼人（thief）的妻子（wife）在她一生（life）中用半（half）片树叶（leaf）当刀子（knife）杀死了七匹狼（wolf）然后去偷架子（shelf）上的面包（loaf）。
6）不规则变化：man - men，woman - women，policeman - policemen, child - children，ox - oxenfoot - feet，tooth - teeth, goose - geese, mouse - mice，fish - fish，sheep - sheepdeer - deer，means–means，Chinese - Chinese，Japanese - Japanese 注意：当man / woman 作定语、修饰复数名词时，man / woman 与所修饰的名词要同时变为复数。
例如：a man teacher --- men teachers;a woman teacher --- women teachers四．重点：名词的所有格（--- 的）（1）单数名词词尾加's；以s 结尾的单数名词，则只加’.the boy’s bag；Mary’s cap；Mr James’office（2）复数名词如果不以s 结尾，则加's ；复数名词如果以s 结尾，则只加’.the Children’s Palace men’s roomthe teachers’reading-room 10 minutes’walk（3）如果表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后面加's .如果表示各自所有，就必须在各个名字后面加's .This is Tom and Mark’s room.These are Tom’s and Mark’s rooms.（4）the + 名词·of ·名词the windows of the housethe name of the citythe picture of the Tom's 结构也可以转换成of结构the girl’s name -- the name of the girlTom’s friend -- the friend of Tom（5）a + 名词·of ·名词's / a + 名词·of ·名词性物主代词( 表示“其中之一”)a picture of Tom’s ; a friend of mine名词专项训练1．-- Are there any in the zoo ?-- Yes, there are some.A. pandaB. lionC. tigerD. deer2．There is only one doctor and several nurses in this hospital.A. man / womanB. man / womenC. men / womanD. men / women 3．-- What can I do for you ?-- I’d like two .A. bottle of orange juiceB. bottle of orange juicesC. bottles of orange juiceD. bottles of orange juices4．This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Anna and JaneB. Anna’s and Jane’sC. Anna’s and JaneD. Anna and Jane’s5．We’ll have a holiday. What about going to the Great Wall ? A. four days B. four-day C. four-days D. four day’s6．Paul has friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.A. manyB. someC. fewD. more7．How many can you see in the picture ?A. waterB. childC. deerD. factorys8．This is an old photo of mine. At that time I had .A. short hairsB. short hairC. many short hairD. much short hairs9．-- Where are the ?-- They are playing football on the playground.A. boys students / theB. boy students / theC. boy student / XD. boy students / X10．I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because there’s something wrong with his.A. eyesB. legsC. mouthD. ears11．Jenny gave us on how to learn English well.A. some advicesB. many advicesC. some adviceD. an advice 12．We have bought two for the coming party.A. box of strawberryB. boxes of strawberriesC. box of strawberriesD. boxes of strawberry13．Mr Smith is a friend of .A. John’s uncleB. John uncle’sC. John’s uncle’sD. John uncle14．-- Would you like tea ?-- No, thanks. I have drunk two .A. any / bottle of juiceB. some / bottles of juiceC. many / bottles of juicesD. few / bottles of juice15．These are the toys.A. childB. childrenC. children’sD. children’16．There are hardly any in the river now because of the pollution.A. duckB. fishC. gooseD. water17．She told me the day before yesterday.A. a good newsB. such a good newsC. so good a newsD. a piece of good news18．I won’t go there with you, for I have a lot of to do.A. worksB. jobC. workD. working19．There all kinds of in this shop.A. are / watchesB. be / watchesC. is / watchesD. be / watch 20．There are on the desk.A. a paperB. some papersC. a piece of paperD. some pieces of paper21．I’d like , please.A. two bottle of beerB. two bottle of beersC. two bottles of beerD. two bottles of beers22．These are backpacks.A. Lily and LucyB. Lily and Lucy’sC. Lily’s and LucyD. Lily’s and Lucy’s23．We’ll have this summer.A. a two months vacationB. two months vacationC. a two-months vacationD. a two-month vacation24．I go to the once a month.A. barberB. barbersC. barber’sD. barbers’25．I want to know opinion.A. everyone’s elseB. everyone elseC. everyone else’sD. everyone elses’26．I walked into the office, and put the letter on my desk.A. teacher’s / teacher’sB. teachers’/ teachers’C. teacher’s / teachers’D. teachers’/ teacher’s27．There’s no for more cars in the parking lot. It is too crowded. A. room B. rooms C. house D. houses28．My shoes were worn out, so I decided to buy a new .A. showB. shoesC. pairD. one29．Could you speak in a loud ? I can’t hear you clearly.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD. throat30．Only one has been chosen. I don’t know whether it is a man or a woman.A. peopleB. personC. manD. woman31.You can get much about the World Expo on the Internet.A.mapB.pictureC. ticketD. information32. All the teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday.A. manB. menC. womanD. womenDBCDB CCBDD CBCBC BDCAD CDDCC DACAB DD。