UNIT1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille1. We're elevated 23 feet. (para 3)We' re 23 feet above sea level.2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (para 3)The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3. We can batten down and ride it out. (para 4)We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. (para 9)Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! (para 10)Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.6. The electrical systems had been killed by water. (para 11)The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. (para 17)As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. Get us through this mess, will You? (para 17)Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (para 21)Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10. Janis had just one delayed reaction. (para 34)Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.UNIT 4Inaugural Address1. And yet the same revolutionary beliet for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe (para2)Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world.2. This much we pledge--and more. (para 5)This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.3. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. (para 5)United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings.4. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. (para 9)We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.5. our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace (para 10)The United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace.6. to enlarge the area in which its writ may run (para 10)We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force.7. before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidentalbefore the terrible forces of destruction, which science can now release, overwhelm mankind; before this self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place8. yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war (para 13) Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind's final war.9. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness (para 14)So let us start once again (to discuss and negotiate)and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness.10. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. (para 17)Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.11. each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty (para 21 ) Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country (by fighting and dying for their country's cause).12. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love (para 27)Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-science for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability.UNIT 7 The Libido for the Ugly1. boy and man, I had been through it often before (para 1)As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had of- ten travelled through the region.2. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.(para 1)But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking and wretched this whole region was. 3. it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke (para 1 )This dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke.4. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills. (para 3)The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region.5. They have taken as their model a brick set on end. (para 3)The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright. / All the houses they built iooked like bricks standing upright.6. This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow, low-pitched roof. (para 3) These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.7. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. (para 4) When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes on the color of a rotten egg.8. Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity. ( para 4)Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time. / Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.9. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. (para 5)I have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying.10. They show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become almost diabolical. (para5)wicked./ When one looks back at these houses whose ugliness is so fantastic and bizarre, one feels they must be the work of the devil himself.11. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror. (para 6)It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.12. On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libido for the ugly (para 7) People in certain strata of American society seem definite- ly to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Chris- tian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful.13. They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands. (para 7)These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot un- derstand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.14. they made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it (para 8)They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable.15. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth. (para 9)From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth．UNIT8The worker as Creator or Machine1. by the very fact of production, he has risen above the animal kingdom (para 1 )Because of the fact itself that man produces, he has devel oped far beyond all other animals.2. Work is also his liberator from nature, his creator as a social and independent being. (para 1)Work also frees man from nature and makes him into a so cial being independent of nature.3. all are expressions of the creative transformation of nature by man's reason and skill (para 1)All the above-mentioned work shows how man has trans formed nature through his reason and skill. 4. There is no split of work and play, or work and culture. ( para 2)Therefore pleasure and work went together so did the cul tural development of the worker go hand in hand with the work he was doing.5. Work became the chief factor in a system of "innerworldly asceticism, " an answer to man's sense of aloneness and isolation. (para 3)Work became the chief element in a system that preached an austere and self-denying way of life. Work was the only thing that brought relief to those who felt alone and isolat ed leading this kind of ascetic life.6. Work has become alienated from the working person. (para 5)In capitalist society the worker feels estranged from or hos tile to the work he is doing.7.Work is a means of getting money, not in itself a meaningful human activity. (para 7)Work helps the worker to earn some money; and earning money only is an activity without much significance or pur pose.8. a pay check is not enough to base one's self-respect on( para 7)Just earning some money is not enough to make a worker have a proper respect of himself.9. most industrial psychologists are mainly concerned with the manipulation of the worker's psyche (para 9) Most industrial psychologists are mainly trying to manage and control the mind of the worker.10. It is going to pay off in cold dollars and cents to management (para 9)Better relations with the public will yield larger profits to management. The management will earn11. But this usefulness often serves only as a rationalization for the appeal to complete passivity and receptivity. (para 11)The fact that many gadgets are indeed useful is often used by advertisers as a more "high-minded" cover for what is really a vulgar, base appeal to idleness and willingness to accept things.12. he has a feeling of fraudulency about his product and a secret contempt for it (para 13)The businessman knows the quality or usefulness of his product is not what it should be. He despises the goods he produces, conscious of the deception involved.UNIT 10The Sad Young Men1. Tho slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged (para1)At the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.2. The rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable. (para3)In any case, an American could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement.3. The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure (para3)The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure.4. it was tempted, in America at least, to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication (para4)In America at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. They pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily.5. Prohibition afforded the young the additional opportunity of making their pleasures illicit (para4)The young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because Prohibition, by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure.6. our young men began to enlist under foreign flags (para5)Our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war.7. they "wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up" (para5)The young people wanted to take part in the glorious ad-venture before the whole war ended.8. they had outgrown towns and families (para6)These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families.9. the returning veteran also had to face ... the hypocritical do-goodism of Prohibition (para6)The returning veteran also had to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people.10. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to "give" (para6)(Under all this force and pressure) something in the youth of America, who were already very tense, had to break down.11. it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and "Puritanical" gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center (para7)It was only natural that hopeful young Writers whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war, Babbitry, and "Puritanical" gentility, should come in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic centre.12. Each town had its "fast" set which prided itself on its unconventionality (para8)Each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconventional lives.UNIT 11 The Future of the English1. below the noisy arguments, the abuse and the quarrels, there is a reservoir of instinctive fellow-feelingThe English people may hotly argue and abuse and quarrel with each other but there still exists a lot of natural sympathetic feeling for each other.2. at heart they would like to take a whip to the whole idle troublesome mob of them (para2)What the wealthy employers would really like to do is to whip all the workers whom they consider to be lazy and troublesome people.3. there are not many of these men, either on the board or the shop floor (para2)There are not many snarling shop stewards in the work-shop, nor are there many cruel wealthy employers on the board of managers (or governing board of a factory).4. It demands bigness, and they are suspicious of bigness. (para3 )The contemporary world demands that everything be done on a big scale and the English do not like or trust bigness.5. Against this, at least superficially, Englishness seems a poor shadowy show (para4)At least on the surface, when Englishness is put against the power and success of Admass, English ness seems to put up a rather poor weak performance.6. while Englishness is not hostile to change, it is deeply suspicious of change for change's sake (para5) Englishness is not against change, but it believes that changing just for changing and for no other useful purpose to be very wrong and harmful.7. To put cars and motorways before houses seems to Englishness a communal imbecility. (para5)To regard cars and motorways as more important than houses seems to Englishness a public stupidity~8. I must add that while Englishness can still fight on, Admass could be winning. (para6)I must further say that while Englishness can go on fighting, there is a great possibility of Admass winning.9. It must have some moral capital to draw upon, and soon it may be asking for an overdraft. (para6) Englishness draws its strength from a reservoir of strong moral and ethical principles, and soon it may be asking for strength which this reservoir of principles cannot supply.10. They probably believe, as I do, that the Admass‘Good Life' is a fraud on all counts. (para9)These people probably believe, as I do, that the 'Good Life' promised by Admass is false and dishonest in all respects.11. They can be found, too -- though not in large numbers because the breed is dying out -- among crusty High Tories who avoid the City and directors' fees. (para9)They can be found too though there are not many of them now because these kind of people are dying out -- among the curt, bad-tempered, extremely conservative politicians who refuse to accept high posts in big commercial enterprises.12. they are inept, shiftless, slovenly, messy (para11)They are incompetent, lazy and inefficient, careless and untidy.13. he will not even find much satisfaction in this scrounging messy existence, which does nothing for a man's self-respect (para11)He will not even find much satisfaction in his untidy and disordered life where he manages to live as a parasite by sponging on people. This kind of life does not help a person to build up any self-respect. 14. To them the House of Commons is a remote squabbling- shop. (para14)These people think of the House of Commons as a place rather far away where some people are always quarreling and arguing over some small matter.15. heavy hands can fall on the shoulders that have been shrugging away politics (para14)If a dictator comes to power, these people then will soon learn in the worst way that they were very wrong to ignore politics for they can now suddenly and for no reason be arrested and thrown into。