中国文化概论复习（英文）Part I Multiple Choice1.. Zi Lu, Ran You and Gongxi Chi’aspirations represent______, whileZeng Dian’s reflects______.A. personal ambition; selfishnessB. lofty ideals; meaningless pursuitC. personal struggle; generous contributionD. individual contribution to society; harmony4.How is the “energy”of “one-stroke character” achievedA. By pressing the brush harderB. By writing the character with only one stroke.C. By writing the strokes at one go.D. By connecting the strokes in the interior.5. How was Chinese calligraphy displayed by Lin HuaiminA. By danceB. By scriptC. By musicD. By brush6.The winding path in the gardens reflects the Chinese philosophyof being ______.A. unrefined未提炼的B. irresistible 不可抵抗的C. uninhibited 无拘束的D. reserved7. What can we learn about Peking Opera through the saying “watchinga play is watching famous actors”A. The viewers go to the theatre to see the actors instead of theplay.B. The famous actors are good-looking and perform well.C.The actors are good at all the four basic aspects of PekingOpera.D. The performances of the actors are as important as the playitself.8. According to Sunzi, the strategy of the level in a war is to______.A. use different strategiesB. frustrate the diplomacy of the enemyC. attack the army of the enemyD attack the city of the enemy10. Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbolsof Chinese charactersA. AspirationB. ImaginationC. CreativityD. AllusionPart II True or False Answers_T__ According to Laozi’s philosophy of naturalness, man should not attempt to manipulate nature._F__ The driving force for building the Great Wall is to protect the lives and peace from wars._F Guanyin or the Goddess of mercy, known also as the Bodhisatva, is the founder of Buddhism._T__ The names of some Chinese dishes cannot be understood literally._T__ According to ancient Chinese people, music could not only cultivate people’s mind, but also help govern the county. Part III Fill in the Blanks1._CPG_, the Central People’s Government, is the highest stateadministrative body, which carries out the laws enacted and decisions adopted by the NPC and its Standing Committee.2.In China, the education is divided into three categories: basiceducation, ___higher_____and adult education.5. After he had visited various mountains in China, the great MingDynasty Chinese geographer and traveler, _XuXiaKe_, said of it: I find it no longer worth my while to look at a mountain after visiting the five sacred mountains. No longer do I find it worth my while to look at the sacred five after returning from Huangshan. Questions名词解释is Confucius view on HeavenConfucius regarded Heaven as nature.are the most important traditional holidays in China Spring Festival.3.What legend do you know about the Mid-Autumn FestivalChang Er Flies to the Moonis tea related to the Chinese way of lifeis the cultural significance of the Moon Cake and Yuan Xiaocontribution did Bruce Lee make to Chinese martial artsHis superb kung fu popularized throughout the world and he became the embodiment of Chinese martial arts.do you think is the function of Wushu in the modern societyTo exercise and keep fit.do Chinese food and drinks reflect and influence Chinese way of life are the four masterpieces of the Chinese novelWater Margin, Journey to The West, Dream of the Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kindoms.are the commonly used methods of treatment in traditional Chinese medicineAcupuncture, Herbal Medicine, Qi Gongare the five fundamental components of the universe according to traditional Chinese medicine and philosophyFire, Earth, Metal, Water, Woodare the Four Great Inventions of ancient ChinaPapermaking, gunpowder, printing and the compassare the most famous representatives of Chinese residencesBeijing's siheyuan, Fujian's HaKa group houses, cave dwellings in northern Shanxi and ganlan in Guangxi.is the major difference between the imperial garden and the private gardenis the major difference between the general layout of Chinese gardensand European gardensThere are usually sculptures in a European garden instead of rock formations in a Chinese-style garden.does Beijing Opera enjoy the most special reputation throughout the worldwere the benefits of constructing the Great Wall What were the costs Do you think the benefits and costs of building the Great Wall balanced out Explain.(1)Military defense in the age of cold steel. (2).Protection for the southerners from being attacked by the northernerstraits do you find prevailing among the Chinese peopleyou give a brief account of the philosophies of Confucious, Mencious, Laozi and Zhuangzi In what ways are they alike and in what ways are they differentReading comprehension排序A) The theme is to celebrate the festive spirit and worldly commotionat the Qingming Festival, rather than the holiday’s ceremonial aspects, such as tomb sweeping and prayers.B) It offers glimpses of clothing and architecture of that period.C) A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is the title of severalpanoramic paintings; the original version is generallyattributed to the Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan.D) The entire piece was painted in hand scroll format and it displays the lifestyle of all walks of life from rich to poor as well as different economic activities in rural areas and the city.E) It captures the daily life of people at the capital, Bianjing(today’s Kaifeng) during the Northern Song period.F) The painting is famous for its geometrically accurate images ofboats, bridges, shops, and scenery.G) As an artistic creation, the piece has been revered and courtartists of subsequent dynasties have made several replicas.H) Because of its fame, it has been called “China’s Mona Lisa”.2. The following is a passage on Tang poems. The underlined sentenceis taken from the passage. Choose the best place where the sentence could be put from [A], [B], [C] and [D].Tang poems in particular remain the most popular out of every historical era of China.The Tang period is a golden age of Chinese literature and art. There are over 48, 900 poems penned by some 2,200 Tang authors that have been popular until modern times. [A] Perfecting one’s skills in the poem writing became a required study for those wishing to pass imperial examinations. Poetry was also heavily competitive, and poetry contests amongst distinguished guests at banquets and gatherings of social elite were common in the Tang period. Poetry styles popular in the Tang included gushi and jintishi, with therenowned Tang poet Li Bai (701-761) and Cui Hao (704-754) famous for their use of the latter. [B] Jintishi poetry, or regulated verse, is in the form of eight-line stanzas or seven characters per line witha fixed pattern of tones that required the second and third coupletsto be antithetical (although the antithesis is often lost intranslation to other languages). [C] This great emulation (仿效) of Tang era poetry began in the Song dynasty; during that period, Yan Yu (严羽) asserted that he was the first to designate the poetry of the Glorious Age of Tang Dynasty (c. 713-766) as the orthodox (正统的) material with “canonical(典范的) status within the classical poetic tradition”. [D] Yan Yu reserved the position of highest laurel of all Tang poets for Du Fu (712-770), who was not viewed as such in his own era, and was branded by his peers as an anti-traditional poet. The best place is_____.Translation46. 己所不欲, 勿施于人。