高考英语名词知识点解析含答案(2)一、选择题1．Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.A．trend B．tendency C．tension D．threat2．Since 1949, the people’s living standard ____, causing a big ____ in population.A．has been raised; rise B．has been risen; raiseC．has raised; rise D．has raised; rose3．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster 4．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________.A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol5．It’s her ________ of time to medical research that helped Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize. A．supply B．respect C．devotion D．arrangement6．---What's new?---The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival travel ____ , also known as chunyun, will ___ on Jan 10 and end on Feb 18.A．dash; kick out B．rush; kick off C．flow; kick in D．jam; kick up 7．The building under _____for stay-at-home children will be completed in March A．contribution B．constructionC．coincidence D．composition8．To everyone's surprise, the three-year-old boy recited Three-Character Canon without making a single .A．slide B．slip C．sneeze D．squeeze9．Our natural ________ are limited. This means that they will not________forever. A．energies; occur B．materials ; eruptC．resources ; last D．sources; bury10．Nearly a year after his____________ from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly. A．expedition B．transformation C．link D．release11．How much does it cost to put satellite into____________？A．gas B．orbit C．chemicals D．vapors 12．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession13．He has been spreading false stories in a(n)____________to smear(诽谤)us.A．attempt B．programme C．intention D．dream 14．Poverty alleviation is a high priority of our country and has been put on the top of________at two sessions.A．agenda B．subject C．directory D．seminar 15．President Donald Trump's first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress and the media, which was criticized by many as a(n) _________ from tradition.A．departure B．benefit C．escape D．lesson16．This book gives a brief _______ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection inthe main hall.A．outline B．output C．operation D．organ17．A _______ will be paid to anyone who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost,according to the advertisement.A．price B．profit C．reward D．salary18．The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.A．sake B．lackC．ignorance D．knock19．The good news that he got a_________to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family. A．prospect B．promotion C．priority D．privilege 20．One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have___________ to places like shops and restaurants.A．method B．access C．way D．means21．I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any________to me. A．meaning B．importance C．sense D．significance 22．On _________ that all go smoothly, we can realize our annual goals as expected. A．situation B．case C．condition D．environment 23．Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big __________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.A．project B．commitment C．competition D．ambition24．In the process of getting rid of racial________,the USA is left far behind. A．discrimination B．compromise C．substitute D．disadvantage 25．Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________.A．method B．experiment.C．warning D．effect【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：简人很好，但她话太多。
A. trend趋势，走向；trend towards/in sth. 动态；B. tendency趋势，癖好；tendency (for sb./sth.) to do sth.倾向；偏好；C. tension 紧张，张力；D. threat 威胁。
根据题干中搭配的介词是to, tendency to do sth. 表示“简喜欢说太多的话”。
故选B。
2．A解析：A【详解】考查时态和名词。
句意：自从1949年以来，人民的生活水平提高了，导致了人口的大幅增长。
根据句子中的Since 1949可知，此处应用现在完成时，raise是及物动词有被动，故C、D项错误；rise为不及物动词无被动，故B项错误，根据句子可知，raise与people’s living standard之间是被动关系，故填has been raised;第二空由a big可知，用名词，rise当名词讲意为“增长；上升”。
故选A。
3．A解析：A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：当我告诉父母我的问题时，我肩上的重担减轻了。
A. burden负担；B. risk冒险；C. hole洞；D. disaster灾难。
根据句意及选项可知，此处使用“负担减轻”符合题意。
故选A。
4．B解析：B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：铁穆特欧有一个不同寻常的工作——人体交通信号灯。
A. sign 符号；B. signal信号；C. mark记号；D. symbol象征。
这里指“交通信号灯”，所以用traffic signal。
故选B。
【点睛】名词mark、sign、signal和symbol的区别：mark (标志，标记)事物留下的印迹/标记或有别于其他事物的特征，比如trade marks；sign (标记，符号)=symbol；指示牌、告示牌、店牌等；比喻“征兆，迹象”；signal (信号，暗号)常指约定俗成，用于传达某些信息的信号，可以灯光，声音或图画的形式来表现。
symbol (象征，符号)指人们用某物体或图案代表另一事物，并作为该事物的标记或象征。
本题根据“Timoteo has an unusual job”可知，Timoteo扮演的是“人体交通信号灯”，所以用human traffic signal，从而选择出正确的答案。