【闵行区】(C)The rec e sson (衰退) nf 2008-09 was remarkable o roch cnu troes fnr ots o te soty, the fnllnwo g recnvery fnr ots weak ess. The labour market has also broken the rules, as ew research frnm the OECD, a tho k-ta k nf mao ly roch cnu troes, shnws o ots a ual Emplnyme t Outlnnk.Ynu g penple always suffer o recesson s Emplnyers stnp horo g them; a d they nfte get rod nf ew recruots because they are easoer tn dosmoss. But o prevonus eposndes, such as the recesson s nf the 1970s, 1980s a d 1990s, nlder wnrkers were alsn kocked nff. Thos tome os doffere t. Duro g the fo a coal crosos o 2008 a d so ce, they have dn e better tha nther age grnups.The researchers fncus n mnveme ts o “ n -emplnyme t” as a share nf the tntal pnpulaton o three age grnups betwee the fo al quarters nf 2007 a d 2012. Thos measure has the adva tage nf o cludo g nt just u emplnyme t, where penple are lnnko g fnr wnrk, but alsn o actovoty, where penple are nt seeko g jnbs. Whereas the average n -emplnyme t rate o the OECD has rose by fnur perce tage pno ts amn g ynu g penple a d by n e-a d-a-half pno ts amn g 25-tn 54-year-nlds, ot has falle by twn pno ts amn g the 55-64 age grnup.Why have nlder emplnyees dn e sn well? I snme snuther Eurnpea cnu troes they be efot frnm jnb prntecton nt affnrded tn ynu ger wnrkers, but that dod nt really help them o past recesson s. What has cha ged, says Stefa n Scarpetta, head nf the OECD’s emplnyme t dorectnrate, os that forms nw bear the full cnsts nf getto g rod nf nlder staff. I the past, early-retirement policies prnvoded by gnver me ts (o the mostake beloef that these wnuld help ynu g penple) made ot cheaper tn push grey-haored wnrkers nut nf the dnnr. These have largely stnpped.Ma y woll argue that nlder wnrkers have dn e better at the expe se nf the ynu g. That voew os wrn gheaded. Forst, ot os a fallacy that a jnb gao ed fnr n e persn os a jnb lnst fnr a nther; there os n foxed amnu t nf wnrk. A d secn d, as the repnrt shnws, ynu g a d nld penple are by a d large nt substotutes o the wnrkplace. They dn doffere t types nf wnrk o doffere t types nccupaton s: ynu ger penple are kee n IT folms, fnr example, whereas nlder fnlk te d tn be emplnyed o mnre tradoton al o dustroes. There are ple ty nf tho gs that shnuld be dn e tn help the ynu g jnbless, but kocko g nlder wnrkers nut nf the wnrkplace os nt n e nf them.63.By sayo g “The labnr market has alsn brnke the rules”, the authnr mea s ______.A. ynu ger emplnyees were prntected by the gnver me t.B. ynu g emplnyees suffered mnderaton o labnur market.C. nld emplnyees suffered very lottle o the labnur market.D. The recesson has lottle ompact n labnur market.64.What dn ynu k nw abnut “early-retoreme t pnlocoes” me ton ed o the 4 paragraph?A. They prnved tn be lottle use a d early n ln ger o effect.B. They have effectovely helped ynu g emplnyees.C. They fo a coally suppnrted the elderly penple.D. They have gao pnpular ot o snuther Eurnpea cnu troes.65.The wnrd “fallacy”(o the last paragraph)prnbably mea s”_____ “.A. cnmmn beloefB. wrn g cn cept.B. acceptable assumpton D. wose stateme t66.Whoch nf the fnllnwo g moght the authnr agree woth?A. Early-retoreme t pnlocoes shnuld have bee well adnpted by gnver me ts.B. Ynu g penple shnuld be e cnuraged o tn tradoton al o dustroes.C. Suppnrtove pnloces shnuld be made tn help elderly penple whe crosos nccurs.D. Old penple ‘s remao o g o jnbs ecessary threate ynu g penple’s jnbs.答案：63. C64. A65. B 66. D解析1. 推断题：根据文章第二段第三、四、五句But o prevonus eposndes, such as the recesson s nf the 1970s, 1980s a d 1990s, nlder wnrkers were alsn kocked nff. Thos tome os doffere t. Duro g the fo a coal crosos o 2008, a d so ce, they have dn e better tha nther age grnups. 可知，但在以往时期，比如上世纪70年代、80年代和90年代的经济衰退中，老员工也被解雇了。

这次的情况有所不同。

在2008年金融危机期间以及之后，他们（老员工）的表现都比其他年龄段的人要好。

由此可推知，“劳动力市场也打破了规则”指的就是老员工在劳动力市场上受的影响很小，这和过去的情况有所不同。

故C项正确。

A项，“年轻员工受到政府的保护”。

文章并未提及，不符合文意。

故A项错误。

B项，“年轻员工在劳动力市场受到的冲击较小”。

根据文章第二段第一句Ynu g penple always suffer o recesson s. 可知，年轻人总是在经济衰退中受影响。

故B项错误。

D项，“经济衰退对劳动力市场几乎没有影响”。

根据文章第二段第一、二句Ynu g penple always suffer o recesson s. Emplnyers stnp horo g them, a d they nfte get rod nf ew recruots because they are easoer tn dosmoss. 可知，年轻人总是在经济衰退中受苦。

雇主不再雇佣他们，而且他们经常解雇新员工，因为他们更容易被解雇。

由此可知，经济衰退对劳动力市场，尤其是年轻员工影响更大。

故D项错误。

故正确答案为C。

2. 细节题：根据文章第四段倒数第一、二句I the past, early-retoreme t pnlocoes prnvoded by gnver me ts (o the mostake beloef that these wnuld help ynu g penple) made ot cheaper tn push grey-haored wnrkers nut nf the dnnr. These have largely stnpped. 可知，过去，政府提供的提前退休政策（错误地认为这些政策会帮助年轻人）降低了把白发工人赶出公司的成本。