（直击高考）2013高考英语语法重难点系列专题10 名词性从句考点在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses），引导名词性从句的词叫连词。

名词性从句又分别称为: 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句主语从句：是在复合句中充当主语的从句，常放在谓语动词之前或者用形式主语it代替，将其本身放在句尾。

例如：1. That he came here just now has been proved.他刚才来的这里得到了证实。

解析：That he came here just now在谓语has been proved的前面，所以是主语从句。

2. It’s true that we are going next week.我们下星期走是真的。

解析：真正的主语是 that we are going next week，前面的it是形式主语。

宾语从句：在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）和介词之后。

例如：1. We all know what he is.我们都知道他是干什么的。

解析：what he is作及物动词know的宾语从句。

2. His worry is about whether he can succeed.他的担忧是关于他是否能成功。

解析：whether he can succeed作介词about的宾语从句。

表语从句：在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是：主语+联系动词+表语从句例如：1. His question is where he can buy a house.他的问题是他能在哪里买房子。

解析：where he can buy a house是联系动词is后面的表语从句。

2. This is why we can’t get their support.这就是我们得不到他们支持的原因。

解析:why we can’t get their support是联系动词is后面的表语从句。

同位语从句：是用以说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰的词语通常可以划等号。

例如：We heard the news that our team had won.我听说了我们球队获胜的消息。

为了思维的连贯性，此专题我们不以从句的分类来讲，而以连词的分类讲。

引导名词性从句的连词主要有以下几类：1.具有词汇意义的连词（what, how, who, when, where, why,whose, which）2.没有词汇意义的that（that在句中没有如何意义，只起连词的作用）3.if/whether（是否）4.具有双重身份的what5.疑问词+ ever（whatever、whoever、whomever、however、whenever、wherever、whichever）一、具有词汇意义的连词1. I know when he was born.我知道他什么时候出生的。

2. Where he lives is known to us all.他住在哪里我们大家都清楚。

3. My question is how you came to school.我的问题是你怎样来的学校。

4. He told us why she was late.他告诉我们她为什么迟到。

5. Please let me know what you are .让我们知道你是干什么的。

6. Which team will win isn’t clear.哪只队将要赢还不清楚。

从上面的例句我们可以看出上述引导名词性从句的连词都具有词汇意义。

二、that的用法1.I know that your name is Tom. （宾语从句）我知道你名字叫汤姆。

2.The news that they won the match excited us very much. （同位语从句）他们获得了比赛胜利的消息使我们都非常兴奋。

3.That he often helps my sister makes me happy. （主语从句）他经常帮我妹妹使得我开心。

4.My demand is that you (should ) try to study hard. （表语从句）我的要求是你们尽力努力学习。

从上述四个句子我们可以看出that在句中不具有任何词汇意义，也不充当任何成分。

一）that引导主语从句常用it作形式主语的情况：（should) do.（因为其动词都是表“建议、命令、要求、主张、决定”等）动词原形的虚拟语气。

1）老师建议我们早上早起。

The teacher suggests that we (should) get up early in the morning. (宾语从句）2）我们决定你们下个星期去郊游。

We have decided that you (should) go for an outing next week.(宾语从句）3）班长要求我们的家庭作业尽早地交上去。

The monitor demands that our homework (should) be handed in as soon as possible. （宾语从句）3. It+特殊动词+ that从句常见动词有:occur, happen, seem, turn out，come about1）It seems that...（好像。

）a. It seems that you object to his idea .好像你反对他的想法。

b. It seems that he has been to Japan.好像他去过日本。

2）It happens that...(碰巧。

）a. It happens that we all like physics,so we always have much to talk with each other.碰巧我们都喜欢物理，所以我们常相互有许多话谈。

b. It happened that we went to visit the factory last week too .碰巧我们也是上个星期去参观的那家工厂。

It doesn’t happen that...=It happens...not...（碰巧不。

）a. It happened that he was not in yesterday. =It didn’t happen that he was in yesterday.碰巧他昨天不在家。

b. It happened that I didn’t have any money on me then,either.=It didn’t happen that I had any money on me then ,either.碰巧当时我身上也没有带钱。

4）It turned out that ...（结果是。

）a. It turned out that my answer was wrong.=My answer turned out (to be) wrong .结果我答案是错的。

b. It turned out that it was a sunny day.=It turned out (to be)a sunny day.结果是个大晴天。

5）How does/did it come about that...?（。

是怎么回事？）a. How did it come about that you didn’t play footba ll ?你没有踢足球是怎么回事？b. How does it come about that you often come late ?你常迟到是怎么回事？c. I want to know how it comes about that you don’t like him.我想知道你不喜欢他是怎么回事。

4.It’s said/reported/considered…that从句（据说/据报道/据认为。

）a. 据说/认为/报道你是个好医生。

It is s aid/considered/reported that you are a good doctor.→You are said/considered/reported/to be a good doctor.b. 据说他们正在国外踢球。

It is said that they are playing football in a foreign country.→They are said to be playing footbal l in a foreign country.c. 据认为那本书翻译成了英语。

It is considered that the book has been put into English. →The book is considered to have been put into English.以上句子的考点在绿色部分的变体：主要考句中动词不定式的形式（一般式、进行式和完成式等）,如果是一般性的就用一般式，正在进行就用进行式、已经完成就用完成式。

二）that引导宾语从句1.一般动词后面直接跟宾语从句a. He told me (that )you came from Wuhan.他告诉我他是武汉人。

b.Yesterday we knew (that )he had been to that village three times.昨天我们知道他去过那个村庄三次了。

c. They hear( that ) a hospital will be built in their hometown.他们听说在他们家乡将修一家医院。

3. 动词find(发现、觉得），feel（感觉、觉得），consider（认为）、think （认为），make （使得），believe（相信）等后面有宾语补足语时，it作形式宾语，that从句放在后面。

a. We find it hard that we must finish the work in three days.我们发现我们必须在三天内完成工作难。

b. Please make it clear to everyone that they are innocent.必须让人人都清楚他们是清白的。

c. I believe it true that he will come here tomorrow.我相信他明天要来这里是真的。