Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
High-Context Culture
“A high context (HC) communication or message is one in which most of the information is already in the person, while very little is in the coded, explicitly transmitted part of the message.
大学英语 跨文化交际
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
黑龙江大学外语部
Quotation
• Human beings draw close to one another by their common nature, but habits and customs keep them apart.
Lead-in Case:
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Marriage and Social status
Please read case and then discuss the questions in pairs.
Text A
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Social Practices
Social practices are the predictable behavior patterns that members of a culture typically follow. Thus, social practices are the outward manifestations of beliefs, values, and norms.
Defining Cultural Patterns
Text B
Chapterponents of Cultural Patterns
Beliefs
Cultural Patterns Social Practices
Values
Norms
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Values
Values involve what a culture regards as good or bad, right or wrong, fair or unfair, just or unjust, beautiful or ugly, clean or dirty, valuable or worthless, appropriate or inappropriate, and kind or cruel.
Definition
Components
Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck’s Value Orientation
Hofstede’s Dimensions of Cultural Variability
Ways of Thinking
Beliefs Values
High-context
Beliefs
A belief is an idea that people assume to be true about the world.
For example:
1) a widely shared belief dates back to the time when Europeans believed that the earth was flat 2) a belief for many European Americans is that in “reality” there is a separation between the physical and spiritual worlds.
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Norms
Norms are the socially shared expectations of appropriate behaviors. Norms may change over a period of time, whereas beliefs and values tend to be much more enduring.
Text C
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Edward T. Hall’s Context-Culture Theory
1. The definition of context: “the information that surrounds an event; it is inextricably bound up with the meaning of the event.” 2. Categorization of high-context culture and low-context culture depending on the degree to which meaning comes from the settings or from the words being exchanged.
Human Nature Person-Nature Time
Individualism and Collectivism Uncertainty Avoidance Power distance
Ways of Acting Norms Social Practices
Low-context
Activity Relational Masculinity – Femininity
— Confucius
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Learning Objectives
Chapter 7 Cultural Patterns
Chapter Outline
Cultural Patterns
Edward T Hall’s Context Culture Theory