外研社一起小学英语二年级下语法总结及练习题 It was last revised on January 2, 2021二年级下语法一般现在时一、功能：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。
如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
二、构成：1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。
如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。
）肯定句：主语+be+其它。
如：He is a worker. 他是工人。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
如 He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
(be动词移到句首)，如：Is he a worker特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
Where is your bike?2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。
如：We study English.我们学习英语。
注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
）肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它) 。
如：I like bread.否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。
如：I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。
如：He ofter plays football. He doesn't often play football.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
（句首加助动词do,does）如： Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：- Does she go to school by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：How does she go to school?三、动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies四、一般现在现在时常见时间状语Always usually, often, sometimes, every week (day,year,month)练习题用am, is, are 填空1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy No, I _____ not.2. The girl______ Jack's sister.3. The dog _______ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5. ______ your brother in the classroom6. Where _____ your mother She ______ at home.7. How _______ your father8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9. Whose dress ______ this10. Whose socks ______ they11. That ______ my red skirt.12. Who ______ Ijeans ______ on the desk.______ a scarf for you.15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.19. Some tea ______ in the glass.20. Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. David and Tom _______(be) in Class One.3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Mike _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.按照要求改写句子1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________ ____________________________3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_______________________________________________________ ____________________________4. Helen likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________ 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________ 8. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________ ________________________________10. Tom and David like going skating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English __________________2. Does he likes going fishing __________________3. He likes play games after class. __________________4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _________________一般现在时翻译练习1.我们每天七点钟上学。
We _______ ________ _________ at seven o’clock _________ ________.2.教室有一些学生。
There _______ ________ _________ in the classroom.3.我们非常喜欢英语。
We _______ English _______ _______.4.他常常步行去上学。
He usually _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.5.他努力学习英语。
He ________ ________ hard.6.他不在家里做作业。
He ________ _______ _______ _________ at home.7.我们星期天不去学。
We _______ _______ _______ _______ on Sundays.8.他经常十点钟睡觉。
He often _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ .9.有时我五点钟起床。
Sometimes, I _______ _______ _______ _______.10.他们早上七点钟去上学。
They _______ _______ _______ at seven _______ ________ _________.现在进行时一、概念表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情．往往与now, at the moment, just 等副词连用,以示强调．如We are waiting for you. What are you doingSome one’s knocking at the door．结构：助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +现在分词.二、现在分词的构成：1.大多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing．如: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading ,2. 如果动词以-e结尾,则去掉-e,再加-ing,如come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using．3. 如果动词只有一个元音字母,而其后跟有一个辅音字母时,将此辅音字母双写,再加-ing如： hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting．三、句型结构：1.现在进行时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词be ( is / am / are ) 上．1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分I am singing . They are writing .2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分I am not singing . They aren’t writing .3）一般疑问句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+ 主语+doing+其他成分Am I singingYes ,you are . / No ,you aren’t .Are they writingYes ,they are . / No ,they aren’t .4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分What are you doingWe are playing (要求就提问内容具体回答).2. 缩写形式如下:I am---I’m You are---You’re He is---He’s She is---She’sIt is---It’s We are---We’re They are---They’re3.说明: 不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如：see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态．练习题I_____ _______ (fly) a kite now.He_____ ________(read) a book now.Look, she_____ _________(swim).Listen, the girls _____ ______(sing)a song.What are they doing They _____ _______(make)a kite.Some birds ______ _____________(fly)in the sky.My friend ______ ______(listen) music now.按要求写句子：1. The boy is playing basketball.否定句：____________________________一般疑问句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________is reading a book.否定句：____________________________一般疑问句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________are playing games.否定句：____________________________一般疑问句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________4. I am playing games.否定句：____________________________一般疑问句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________5. Lucy and Lily are watching TV.否定句：____________________________一般疑问句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________选择题1. Look. Lucy is_____ a new bike today.A. jumpingB. runningC. riding D takeing2. The children _____ football.A. is playingB. are playingC. play theD. play a3. They ______TV in the evening. They do their homework.A. are watchingB. can’t watchingC. don’t watchD. don’t watching4. Listen! She____ in the classroom.A. is singingB. sing C .to sing D. is sing5. ______are you eating I’m eating ______ meat.A. What,someB. Which,anyC. Where,notD. What,a6. Is she ____ something?A. eatB. eatingC. eattingD. eatsdictionary ___,I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.A. has lost,don’t findB. is missing,don’t findC. has lost,haven’t foundD. ismis sing,haven’t found.8..Having a computer for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly.A. is changingB. has changedC. will have changedD. will change9. The building_______ ,I can’t stand the noise.A. was being builtB. is builtC. is being builtD. builds10. I can’t catch up with the fashion,because the clothes style_______ all the time.A. has changedB. is changedC. is changingD. changed用现在进行时完成下列句子:1. ______you__________(fly) a kite Yes,_______.2. ______you___________(sit) in the boat?3. ______he_____________(talk) with me?4. We_______________(play) football now.5. What_________you__________(do)6. I_____________(sing) an English song.7. What________he____________(mend)8. He__________________ ____(mend) a car.9. These boys _________ (play) tennis on the playground.10. My mother____________ ___________ _______ (cook) in the kitchen.11. We can’t help you,because we ____________ (have )classes.12. ________ the boy ___________ (write) his homework?13. Look! These butterflies ____________ __ (fly) in the sky.14. Listen! The girl ___________ __ (sing) in the next room.15. The boy ________________ __ (swim) in the river.。