高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版选修六Module 3知识详解1.raise v.筹措;提高,增加;抚养;饲养;提出(回归课本P31)Last week our school had a big fair in order to raise money for a charity.上周我校举行一场大型的义卖会为慈善事业筹钱。
【归纳总结】【例句探源】①We must do everything we can to raise the people’s living standards.我们要想尽一切办法来提高人民的生活水平。
②He raised his hand to catch the chairman’s attention.他举起手来想吸引主席的注意。
③I wanted to raise a question to the chairman but didn’t have the courage.我想向主席提一个问题,但又没有这个勇气。
④(高考大纲全国卷Ⅰ)A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits.去年的一项研究报告表明,饲养宠物狗不仅能使你精神振奋,也对你的饮食习惯有影响。
【易混辨析】raise,lift;rise,arise(1)raise和lift都是及物动词,后面一定要有宾语。
如果表示抽象意义(如提高意识、声音、生活水平、地位等)要用raise;如用机械力把重物从地面举到一定的高度要用lift。
raise还可以表示饲养家禽、筹集资金、养育儿童等;而lift的名词用法可表示“免费搭车/电梯、飞机起飞等”。
(2)rise和arise都是不及物动词,在指人或动物“起身”时可互换。
另arise还可以表示“出现;发生”之意;rise 可以表示“升起,升高”,说明主语自身移向更高的位置。
①I am afraid a new problem will arise when we use a new type of fuel.②Her temperature is still rising.She must be sent to hospital.③We have no plans to raise taxes at present.④Can you help me lift the big boxes?【即境活用】1.(高考江西卷) —What is the price of petrol these days?—Oh,it ________ sharply since last month.A.is raised B.has risenC.has arisen D.is increased解析:选B。
句意是:“这些日子汽油的价格怎么样?”“唉,自从上个月以来一直急剧上涨。
”此处要用不及物动词has risen表示“上升;上涨”。
raise是及物动词,要用has been raised。
has arisen出现;发生;is increased 要改为现在完成时has been increased。
2.After the terrible flood,the water level in the river ________ by 50 centimetres.A.rises B.raisesC.is risen D.is raised解析:选A。
此处需用不及物动词,作“上升了”讲。
句中的by表示“增减的程度”,而不是表被动。
2.regret n.& v.后悔,遗憾,抱歉(回归课本P33)Liao Mei really regrets these quarrels.廖梅对那些争吵感到后悔。
【归纳总结】【例句探源】①(朗文P1718)I regret to inform you that your contract will not be renewed.我很遗憾地通知你,你的合同不能②She deeply regretted losing her temper.她为自己发了脾气而深感后悔。
③(牛津P1673)If you don’t do it now,you’ll only regret it.你如果现在不做,以后一定会后悔的。
④(朗文P1718)He regrets that he never went to college.他为自己从未上过大学感到遗憾。
⑤He left the company with great regret.他非常遗憾地离开了那个公司。
【即境活用】3. —Robert is indeed a wise man.—Oh,yes.How often I have regretted ________ his advice!A.to take B.takingC.not to take D.not taking解析:选D。
说话者以前没有听他的忠告而现在感到后悔,所以此处要用not taking形式。
4.This scar will be lasting,but to this day,I have never ________ what I did.A.forgot B.recognizedC.considered D.regretted解析:选D。
regret的意思是“后悔”。
从本句的句意可以看出,“我”对过去做过的事始终不后悔。
3.forgive vt.原谅,饶恕(回归课本P37)...I couldn’t forgive Danny for leaving me.……我不能原谅丹尼离开我。
【归纳总结】【例句探源】①Forgive my ignorance,but what does the company do?请原谅我的无知,这家公司是干什么的?②Forgive me for interrupting,but I really don’t agree with that.请原谅我打岔,不过我确实不同意那一点。
③(牛津P686)I’ll never forgive her for what she did.我绝不会原谅她所做的事。
④(朗文P761)If anything happened to the kids,I’d never forgive myself.如果孩子们出了什么事,我永远也不能原谅自己。
【易混辨析】forgive,excuse,pardon(1)forgive侧重指在感情上原谅了某人的过错或对自己的冒犯,不再愤恨或不满。
(2)excuse侧重指原谅轻微的过错、失礼等,不涉及到处理或惩罚。
(3)pardon原谅不予追究,指宽恕严重的过失、罪恶或严重的冒犯,尤指反法律、反道德的过失。
①They forgave us for our rudeness.②Please excuse me for interruption.③The governor pardoned the two offenders.【即境活用】5.Mary did do some bad things about me,but I have ________ her for that.A.regretted B.freedC.relaxed D.forgiven解析:选D。
句意“玛丽对我做了些不好的事,但是我原谅了她。
”4.mention v.涉及,提及n.提及,说起(回归课本P41)Then the website was mentioned on a radio programme and suddenly the site became very之后这一网站被电台的一个节目提到,顷刻之间便流行起来。
【归纳总结】【例句探源】①He mentioned that he was having problems,but he didn’t explain.他提到他遇到一些问题,但没有作说明。
②(朗文P1230)I mentioned the idea to Joan,and she seemed to like it.我向琼说起过这个想法,她似乎很喜欢。
③(朗文P1230)It’s worth mentioning that the new regulations don’t actually come into force until next year.值得一提的是新的规章制度要到明年才真正生效。
④(网络)He has a large house and an expensive car,not to mention a villa in France.他有一所大房子和一辆昂贵的汽车,且不说在法国还有一座别墅了。
【即境活用】6.I hear they’ve promoted Tom,but he didn’t mention ________ when we talked on the phone.A.to promoteB.having been promotedC.having promotedD.to be promoted解析:选B。
句意是:我听说他们提升了汤姆,但我们在电话谈话时他并没有提到被晋升的事情。
“被提升”发生在“提到”之前,所以要用动名词的完成式和被动语态。
7.(武汉市质检)—My boy is always making trouble at school.It makes me upset.—________—there’s nothing to worry about!A.Don’t mention it B.I hope notC.What a shame D.Calm down解析:选D。
根据上文“我的孩子在学校总是惹麻烦,这让我不安”以及下文“没什么可担心的”的语境可知,这里表示安慰,所以选D。
5.burst out突然发生;突然……起来(回归课本P30)When he reached the final line,everyone burst out laughing.当他说到最后一句的时候,大家都哄堂大笑起来。
【归纳总结】【例句探源】①The baby burst out laughing when he saw his mother.看到他的妈妈,婴儿突然大笑起来。
②Hearing that their team won the first prize,they burst out cheering.听到他们队赢得一等奖的消息时,他们欢呼起来。