感应电动机设计流程3.1电机的基本尺寸数据3.1.1定，转子尺寸定子尺寸单位 mm转子尺寸单位mm3.2 电动机的设计计算方案10.030.005P=极及以上封闭型自扇冷式fw)3.5M T ⨯()st cβ⨯110.707Z a ⨯B R Bb fρ 0()2S st =20L λ ()22S st S λλ0B l l ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭()2st r +4 电动机的改进方案电动机在运行使产生损耗，这些损耗转变成热能，引起电机发热，电动机的温度过高会使绝缘迅速老化，绝缘性能和机械强度降低，使使用寿命大大缩短，严重时会烧坏电机，为了限制发热对电动机的影响，使电动机的温升不超过一定的数值，一方面要控制电机各部分的损耗，使发热减少；另一部分改善电动机的冷却系统，提高其传热和散热的能力。
因此可见，防治电动机因过热而损坏非常重要。
解决电动机温升问题有许多方法, 例如: 减少定子线圈匝数, 增大导体面积，增长铁心, 降低热负荷; 或更改风路, 修改风扇, 让介质带走更多的热量, 这种方法因要改变定子部分或机座结构形式, 比较困难[10]。
4.1 三相异步电动机发热过高的原因1.电动机过负荷，定子电流过大2.线负荷过大3.电流密度过大4.损耗大定子绕组缺相运行5.电源电压过高或过低6.电动机通风道堵塞效率是电动机的一个重要性能指标，它的高低决定于运行时电机所产生的损耗，损耗越低，效率越高，发热越低。
损耗的大小与电磁负荷有很大关系。
为了降低损耗，就得选较低电磁负荷和电流密度，但这样会增加电动机的尺寸和材料耗量。
此外，损耗的大小还与材料的性能，绕组的形式，电动机的构造有关系[。
4.2 改进法：减低损耗，降低线负荷，和电流密度，提高效率。
改善电源4.2.1 措施1.加大导线截面积●效果，降低定子铝损耗，使槽满率加大，起动电流增高，降低电流密度。
2.减少每相的串联导体数●效果，降低线负荷，增加起动电流。
图4.2.13.选用适合的绕组型式，如双层绕组，星－三角接混合接法方案一方案二方案三绕组型式双层叠式双层叠式双层叠式连接方法三角接法星形(Y)接法星形(Y)接法附录A 定，转子槽形图转子槽定子槽型号: Y132 S-4 5.5 KW设计者: 容浩然设计时间: 2005-5-30 no:1_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 定子槽数: 36 转子槽数: 32 | 相数: 3 电机极数: 4定子外径: 19.00 cm 定子内径: 13.60 cm | 额定电压: 380.00 v 额定频率: 50.00 hz转子外径: 13.52 cm 转子内径: 4.80 cm | 额定功率: 5.50 kw 新方案材料成本: 298.74 (元) 铁心长度: 11.50 cm 单边气隙长度: 0.40 mm | 定子绕组连接形式: △旧方案材料成本: 297.82 (元) _____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 定子槽形: (1圆底槽) | 定子绕组形式: (5双层绕组(q=3))_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ bs0: 3.5 |bs1: 6.7 |Rs: 4.40 | 类型: | NS1 | NDS | NS2 hs0: 0.8 |hss: 14.5 |Zs: 30.00 |________________|_____________|_____________|__________ _______________|______________|______________| 每槽导体数: |48 | | 转子槽形: (1平底平行齿槽) | N-d1: |1-0.90 | |_____________________________________________| N-d2: |1-0.90 | |br0: 1.0 |br1: 5.5 |br2: 5.5 | kf%: | 79.30 | |br3: 5.5 |wr4: 3.0 |hr0: 0.5 | j1: | 4.844 | |hr3: 21.7 |hrr: 23.0 |zr: 30.0 |________________|_____________|_____________|__________ _______________|______________|______________| 绕组跨距Y1: 1-1 并联支路数: 1Sb: 96.5 mxm Jb: 2.966 | Ty: 10.53 cm al: 1.50 cmSr: 260.0 mxm Jr: 2.802 | Lz: 26.72 cm fd: 3.77 cmGal: 1.43( 1.38) bsk/t1: 1.00 | A1: 258.02 a/cm 热负荷: 4149Dkr: 0.00 mm bsk: 11.9 mm | R1: 2.4312 ohm Gcu: 5.68( 5.68)_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 硅钢片材料: 50DR510 | 定子槽绝缘厚: 0.27 定子槽楔厚: 2.0_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 硅钢重: 37.6( 37.6) 叠压系数: 0.92 | kdpl: 0.9598 Zph: 564.0_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ Wt1: 0.557 cm hc1: 1.730 cm | Wt2: 0.625 cm hc2: 2.010 cm_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 电磁计算 | 运行结果(d/s)______________________________________________________________|______________________________________ ken: 0.9159 | ktn: 1.3191 | I1(A): | 11.285keo: 0.9655 | Imo: 0.6271 | I2(A): | 5.638kc: 1.3483 | | Im(A): | 4.195_____________________________|________________________________| Pcu(w): | 309.617| b(kgs) | l(cm) | at/cm | at | Pal(w): | 200.531_______|_____________|_____________|____________|_____________| Pfe(w): | 136.986g: | 6.771 | 0.054 | | 292.14 | Pad(w): | 110.000St: | 15.290 | 1.597 | 23.574 | 37.64 | Pmc(w): | 70.000Sc: | 14.131 | 7.510 | 13.253 | 47.60 | Psm(w): | 827.13Rt: | 15.336 | 2.300 | 24.169 | 55.59 | sn(%) : | 3.369Rt: | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.00 | Eff(%): | 86.93 / 86.93Rc: | 13.193 | 2.674 | 9.480 | 9.95 | Fac: | 0.8518/ 0.9520Fm: | | | | 442.92 | Tm/Tn: | 2.686 / 2.690_______|_____________|_____________|____________|_____________| Tst/Tn: | 2.279 / 2.230Ikw(A): 4.825 | Zkw(ohm): 78.76 | Ist/I1: | 6.309 / 6.250_____________________________|________________________________|______________________________________ 额定参数: | 启动参数:__________________________________________________________________|__________________________________ cx=0.04249 | Ed1: 0.0130 | Ed2: 0.0130 | ha: 1.5512 | r/R: 1.3085________________________________| Xs1: 0.444 | Xs2: 0.8101 | Bst: 0.446 | Kz: 0.4494ku1: 1.000 | Kl1: 1.000 | xd1: 0.642 | xd2: 0.5910 | cs1: 4.608 | cs2: 6.758su1: 0.410 | sl1: 0.826 | xe1: 0.532 | xe2: 0.1749 | stu2: 0.064 | stl2: 1.488su2: 0.500 | sl2: 1.675 | xm: 1.992 | xsk: 0.2363 | xst1: 0.380 | xst2: 0.578es1: 1.236 | es2: 2.175 | rb: 0.0188 | rr: 0.0079 | stu1: 0.231 | zst: 0.117 _________________|______________|________________|________________|________________|_____型号: Y132 Sm-4 5.5 KW设计者: 容浩然设计时间: 2005-5-30 no:1_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 定子槽数: 36 转子槽数: 32 | 相数: 3 电机极数: 4定子外径: 19.00 cm 定子内径: 13.60 cm | 额定电压: 340.00 v 额定频率: 50.00 hz转子外径: 13.52 cm 转子内径: 4.80 cm | 额定功率: 5.50 kw 新方案材料成本: 315.52 (元) 铁心长度: 14.8 cm 单边气隙长度: 0.40 mm | 定子绕组连接形式: y 旧方案材料成本: 297.82 (元) _____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 定子槽形: (1圆底槽) | 定子绕组形式: (5双层绕组(q=3))_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ bs0: 3.5 |bs1: 6.7 |Rs: 4.40 | 类型: | NS1 | NDS | NS2 hs0: 0.8 |hss: 14.5 |Zs: 30.00 |________________|_____________|_____________|__________ _______________|______________|______________| 每槽导体数: |20 | | 转子槽形: (1平底平行齿槽) | N-d1: |1-2.06 | |_____________________________________________| N-d2: |0-0.00 | |br0: 1.0 |br1: 5.5 |br2: 5.5 | kf%: | 79.9 | |br3: 5.5 |wr4: 3.0 |hr0: 0.5 | j1: | 4.844 | |hr3: 21.7 |hrr: 23.0 |zr: 30.0 |________________|_____________|_____________|__________ _______________|______________|______________| 绕组跨距Y1: 1-1 并联支路数: 1Sb: 96.5 mxm Jb: 2.966 | Ty: 10.53 cm al: 1.50 cmSr: 260.0 mxm Jr: 2.802 | Lz: 26.72 cm fd: 3.77 cmGal: 1.43( 1.38) bsk/t1: 1.00 | A1: 258.02 a/cm 热负荷: 830.5Dkr: 0.00 mm bsk: 11.9 mm | R1: 2.4312 ohm Gcu: 5.68( 5.68)_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 硅钢片材料: 50DR510 | 定子槽绝缘厚: 0.27 定子槽楔厚: 2.0_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 硅钢重: 37.6( 37.6) 叠压系数: 0.92 | kdpl: 0.9598 Zph: 564.0_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ Wt1: 0.557 cm hc1: 1.730 cm | Wt2: 0.625 cm hc2: 2.010 cm_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 电磁计算 | 运行结果(d/s)______________________________________________________________|______________________________________ ken: 0.9159 | ktn: 1.3191 | I1(A): | 11.285keo: 0.9655 | Imo: 0.6271 | I2(A): | 5.638kc: 1.3483 | | Im(A): | 4.195_____________________________|________________________________| Pcu(w): | 309.617| b(kgs) | l(cm) | at/cm | at | Pal(w): | 200.531_______|_____________|_____________|____________|_____________| Pfe(w): | 136.986g: | 6.771 | 0.054 | | 292.14 | Pad(w): | 110.000St: | 15.290 | 1.597 | 23.574 | 37.64 | Pmc(w): | 70.000Sc: | 14.131 | 7.510 | 13.253 | 47.60 | Psm(w): | 827.13Rt: | 15.336 | 2.300 | 24.169 | 55.59 | sn(%) : | 3.369Rt: | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.00 | Eff(%): | 87.30 / 86.93Rc: | 13.193 | 2.674 | 9.480 | 9.95 | Fac: | 0.8310/ 0.9520Fm: | | | | 442.92 | Tm/Tn: | 4.014 / 2.690_______|_____________|_____________|____________|_____________| Tst/Tn: | 2.003 / 2.230Ikw(A): 4.825 | Zkw(ohm): 78.76 | Ist/I1: | 6.9660/ 6.250_____________________________|________________________________|______________________________________ 额定参数: | 启动参数:__________________________________________________________________|__________________________________ cx=0.04249 | Ed1: 0.0130 | Ed2: 0.0130 | ha: 1.5512 | r/R: 1.3085________________________________| Xs1: 0.444 | Xs2: 0.8101 | Bst: 0.446 | Kz: 0.4494ku1: 1.000 | Kl1: 1.000 | xd1: 0.642 | xd2: 0.5910 | cs1: 4.608 | cs2: 6.758su1: 0.410 | sl1: 0.826 | xe1: 0.532 | xe2: 0.1749 | stu2: 0.064 | stl2: 1.488su2: 0.500 | sl2: 1.675 | xm: 1.992 | xsk: 0.2363 | xst1: 0.380 | xst2: 0.578es1: 1.236 | es2: 2.175 | rb: 0.0188 | rr: 0.0079 | stu1: 0.231 | zst: 0.117_________________|______________|________________|________________|________________|_________________三相异步电动机改进计算单2型号: Y132 Sn-4 5.5 KW设计者: 容浩然设计时间: 2005-5-30 no:1_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 定子槽数: 36 转子槽数: 32 | 相数: 3 电机极数: 4定子外径: 19.00 cm 定子内径: 13.60 cm | 额定电压: 340.00 v 额定频率: 50.00 hz转子外径: 13.52 cm 转子内径: 4.80 cm | 额定功率: 5.50 kw 新方案材料成本: 298.74 (元) 铁心长度: 10.4 cm 单边气隙长度: 0.40 mm | 定子绕组连接形式:y 旧方案材料成本: 297.82 (元) _____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 定子槽形: (1圆底槽) | 定子绕组形式: (5双层绕组(q=3))_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ bs0: 3.5 |bs1: 6.7 |Rs: 4.40 | 类型: | NS1 | NDS | NS2 hs0: 0.8 |hss: 14.5 |Zs: 30.00 |________________|_____________|_____________|__________ _______________|______________|______________| 每槽导体数: |24 | | 转子槽形: (1平底平行齿槽) | N-d1: |1-1.87 | |_____________________________________________| N-d2: |0-0.00 | |br0: 1.0 |br1: 5.5 |br2: 5.5 | kf%: | 79.9 | |br3: 5.5 |wr4: 3.0 |hr0: 0.5 | j1: | 4.844 | |hr3: 21.7 |hrr: 23.0 |zr: 30.0 |________________|_____________|_____________|__________ _______________|______________|______________| 绕组跨距Y1: 1-1 并联支路数: 1Sb: 96.5 mxm Jb: 2.966 | Ty: 10.53 cm al: 1.50 cmSr: 260.0 mxm Jr: 2.802 | Lz: 26.72 cm fd: 3.77 cmGal: 1.43( 1.38) bsk/t1: 1.00 | A1: 258.02 a/cm 热负荷: 1141.5Dkr: 0.00 mm bsk: 11.9 mm | R1: 2.4312 ohm Gcu: 5.68( 5.68)_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 硅钢片材料: 50DR510 | 定子槽绝缘厚: 0.27 定子槽楔厚: 2.0_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 硅钢重: 37.6( 37.6) 叠压系数: 0.92 | kdpl: 0.9598 Zph: 564.0_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ Wt1: 0.557 cm hc1: 1.730 cm | Wt2: 0.625 cm hc2: 2.010 cm_____________________________________________|_______________________________________________________ 电磁计算 | 运行结果(d/s)______________________________________________________________|______________________________________ ken: 0.9159 | ktn: 1.3191 | I1(A): | 11.285keo: 0.9655 | Imo: 0.6271 | I2(A): | 5.638kc: 1.3483 | | Im(A): | 4.195_____________________________|________________________________| Pcu(w): | 309.617| b(kgs) | l(cm) | at/cm | at | Pal(w): | 200.531_______|_____________|_____________|____________|_____________| Pfe(w): | 136.986g: | 6.771 | 0.054 | | 292.14 | Pad(w): | 110.000St: | 15.290 | 1.597 | 23.574 | 37.64 | Pmc(w): | 70.000Sc: | 14.131 | 7.510 | 13.253 | 47.60 | Psm(w): | 827.13Rt: | 15.336 | 2.300 | 24.169 | 55.59 | sn(%) : | 3.369Rt: | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.00 | Eff(%): | 88.10 / 86.93Rc: | 13.193 | 2.674 | 9.480 | 9.95 | Fac: | 0.8471/ 0.9520Fm: | | | | 442.92 | Tm/Tn: | 3.675 / 2.690_______|_____________|_____________|____________|_____________| Tst/Tn: | 1.897 / 2.230Ikw(A): 4.825 | Zkw(ohm): 78.76 | Ist/I1: | 6.783 / 6.250_____________________________|________________________________|______________________________________ 额定参数: | 启动参数:__________________________________________________________________|__________________________________ cx=0.04249 | Ed1: 0.0130 | Ed2: 0.0130 | ha: 1.5512 | r/R: 1.3085________________________________| Xs1: 0.444 | Xs2: 0.8101 | Bst: 0.446 | Kz: 0.4494ku1: 1.000 | Kl1: 1.000 | xd1: 0.642 | xd2: 0.5910 | cs1: 4.608 | cs2: 6.758su1: 0.410 | sl1: 0.826 | xe1: 0.532 | xe2: 0.1749 | stu2: 0.064 | stl2: 1.488su2: 0.500 | sl2: 1.675 | xm: 1.992 | xsk: 0.2363 | xst1: 0.380 | xst2: 0.578es1: 1.236 | es2: 2.175 | rb: 0.0188 | rr: 0.0079 | stu1: 0.231 | zst: 0.117_________________|______________|________________|________________|________________|_________________。