v. 说明；阐明；给…做插图解释n. 说明，例证；插图；图解2 fieldn. 实地，野外；领域；田地3 media coverageeg. In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage, it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests…coverage: n.新闻报道注:雅思阅读真题中曾经出现过其与press and publicity有出现过同义转换4 tuition n.课程讲授eg. independent of any formal tuition5 harbour v.心怀 n.海港eg. Many students have shown that children harbour misconceptions about ‘pure’, curriculum science.6 logging activity 伐木活动eg. About 18% of the pupils referred specifically to logging activity.注：雅思阅读真题中还出现过log, 意思是原木，请注意意思的区分7 embrace: v包含，包括eg. in some cases this response also embraced the misconception that rainforest destruction would reduce atmospheric oxygen, making the atmosphere incompatible with human life on Earth.8 volunteer v.自愿做；自愿提供eg. Pupils did not volunteer ideas that suggested that they appreciated the complexity of causes of rainforest destruction.9 be taken back 大吃一惊；吓了一跳=sb. be surprised/ sth. is surprising.eg. I was taken back.10 kill off 灭绝；杀光eg. Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by banning its use in public or discouraging its use in schools11 alternative a.另类的；非主流的eg. Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies,...12 standing n. 地位；身份；名望eg. ‘The high standing of professionals, including doctors, particularly younger ones, are forming group practices with alternative therapists or taking courses themselves, particularly in acupuncture and herbalism.13 orthodox a.传统的；正宗的eg. orthodox doctors14 medical complaintscomplaint: n.疾病15 in shape 处于健康状态；身材健美eg. Another has been that it allows young animals to get in shape for adult life by improving their respiratory endurance.16 look-in 迅速一瞥eg. With schooling beginning earlier and becoming increasingly exam-oriented, play is likely to get even less of a look-in17 credit n.信贷eg. Although small-scale business training and credit programs have become more common throughout the world, relatively little attention has been paid to the need to direct such opportunities to young people.18 take pride in 以…为自豪eg. At the same time, there are street children who take pride in supporting themselves and their families...19 fine a.细小的eg. fine ash20 field a.野外的eg. They range from a carefully planned, intensive field investigation in a foreign country to a casual introspection about one’s mother tongue carried out in an armchair.21 be in sight看得见；在视线范围内eg. Limits to human sporting performance are not yet in sight-22 left and right n.左边和右边eg. ‘ they would be breaking records left and right.’23 project v.预计；推断eg. a kind of doomsday scenario(...) was projected by health administrators, economists and politicians.24 make order out of chaos 使…有序eg. Beyond the practical need to make order out of chaos, the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class.25 single-handed a.单独的；单枪匹马的eg. and he would do it single-handed.26 in instalments 分期付款eg. He was to be paid￡1,575 in instalments.27 to hand 在手边；在控制下eg. and without a library to hand28 draw on 利用eg. Working to a deadline, he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries,…29 take on同…较量eg. The fact that Johnson had taken on Academies of Europe…30 code n.准则eg. moral code31 polar a.截然相反的，完全对立的eg. two polar explanation32 hit-list n.黑名单eg. They have developed a hit-list pf our main fears.33 in question 正在谈论的，正在考虑的eg. …even if an impartial view of the controls in question might suggest they are doing more harm than good34 patent v.取得专利权eg. …discovered and patented a revolutionary new synthetic material.35 seize on 利用eg. Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properti es,…36 tap into利用；发掘eg. Both social and cognitive types of laughter tap into the same expressive machinery in our brains,…37 milk v.套出，诱出eg. …, humans have learned to find ways of milking this natural response.38 be born with生而具有eg. Furthermore, research has shown that while every child is born with a natural curiosity.39 pilot a.实验性的；试点的eg. …, a pilot programme was launched in Missouri in the US…40 get off 开始eg. …is the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life.41 make strides in 取得进步eg. …, had made greater strides in problem solving and other intellectual skills.42 have a long way to go还有很长的一段路eg. Admittedly, the rehabilitation of the term has a long way to go,…43 coin v.创造（新词）eg. The field was launch ed, and the term ‘artificial intelligence’ coined,…44 be around the corner 即将来临，迫在眉睫eg. … a breakthrough was just around the corner.45 ‘blue-sky’ a.虚浮的；不切实际的eg. AI came to refer to ‘blue-sky’ research…46 hard currency硬货币；币值坚挺的货币eg. And poor governments in these isolated areas have welcomed the new breed of ‘adventure tourists, grateful for the hard currency they bring.47 few and far between稀疏的，稀少的eg. But he insists that cases are few and far between.48 press n. 报刊，新闻业eg. ‘No-one wants bad press.’49 the tip of the iceberg 冰山一角eg. ‘What you hear is only the tip of the iceberg,’ says Trevor Ford50 under the eyes of 尽收眼底eg. under the eyes of coaches51 come down to归结为eg. A lot of their work comes down to measurement.52 be down情绪低落；下降eg. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds.53 lie behind 某事的理由是…eg. What lies behind this explosion in international commerce?54 explosion n.激增；扩大eg. What lies behind this explosion in international commerce?55 by and large大体上来说，总体来说eg. National governments by and large, kept a much firmer hand on truck and railroad tariffs than on charges for ocean freight.56 a sea of mud大量；茫茫一片eg…. a sea of mud.57 canary in the mine警钟eg. …because they consider the Arctic the ‘canary in the mine’ for global warming-…58 get some idea of 了解eg. Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who calls this home.59 at stake 在危机、紧急关头eg. With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out the mysteries of climate change in the Arctic.60 lobby n.游说团体eg. road lobbies61 beat a retreat 撤退eg. Clearly, certain diseases are beating a retreat in the face of medical advances.62 fare v.进展eg. The research suggests that older people fare best when they feel independent but know they can get help when they need it.63 reflect on/upon反思；回忆eg. reflect on the nature of things64 be contingent on 依赖于，取决于eg. Managers need to make rewards contingent on performance.65 on end 连续地eg. for years on end66 fan v.激起，煽动eg. , but the search has been informative and has fanned hope that caloric-restriction (CR) mimetics can indeed be developed eventually.67 better off 境况较佳eg. Why are the children of literate mothers better off?68 crusade n.运动eg. Cleland warns that the Nicaraguan crusade was special in many ways,…。