(一)首句章段首句It’s well-known that 众所周知As far as we know 据我们所知As everybody knows 众所周知As far as sb. be concerned 就……而论Frankly speaking 坦白地说Generally speaking 一般来说I am of the opinion that …我认为In my opinion 我认为It has been shown that…现已表明It has been found that …已经发现It’s believed that…有人相信It’s expected that…有人盼望It’s hoped that …人们希望It’s thought that …有人认为Until recently …直到最近Faced with …, quite a few people argue that …. But other people conceive differently. There is a general discussion today about the issue of…. Those who object to … argue that…. They believe that …. But people who favor …, on the other hand, argue that…. Currently there is a widespread concern that …More and more people are realizing / have come to realize…There is no denying / doubt that ….(二)结尾句Above all最重要的是After all毕竟All in all总的来说In a word总而言之As a result结果In fact / As a matter of fact事实上In short / In brief简而言之In conclusion总之In general /summary总之In the end / Finally Last of all最后On the whole总的来看It may be confirmed that…可以肯定It’s clear that …很清楚To sum up概括地说Personally, I prefer to …As far as… be concerned, I think / believe that…In my opinion, I am in favor of …. （三）写作中常用到的过渡词：1.时间顺序：first, second, then, finally, now, before, afterwards, earlier, later, immediately,suddenly, soon, gradually 2.空间顺序：in front of, behind, at the back of, to the left, to the right, above, below, on oneside, on the other side, next (to), far (from), beside , outside, around 3.因果关系：because, since, as, thanks to,as a result (of), so,therefore, thus, otherwise,on account of, due to, oweto4.递进关系：in addition, furthermore,moreover, what’s more,what’s worse, even, besides,still more, to make thingsworse5.例证说明：for example, for instance,such as, in one’s opinion, infact, in this case, for actually,that is to say, in other words,according to6.并列关系：but, and, as well as, or7.对称关系：for one thing, for another, onthe one hand, on the otherhand8.转折关系：above all, at last, in a word,in summary, to sum up, inshort, generally speaking, asyou know, in conclusion, inbrief, as has been stated9.总结关系：above all, at last, in a word,in summary, to sum up, inshort, generally speaking, asyou know, in conclusion, inbrief, as has been stated 10.过渡性插入语：I think, I’m afraid, youknow, as we all know, I’msure, as far as I know11.强调关系：in fact, indeed, surely,necessarily, certainly,without any doubt, truly, torepeat, the most important,above all（四）、常用模式1．万事看头难常用模式：Nowadays….It goeswithout saying that….Nowpeople begin to realizethat….There is nodenying that…..It iscommon that…..2．拓展不下去：常用模式：（1）、罗列Firstly….Secondly…..Thirdly…..For one thing….For another….On one hand…..On the other hand….At the sametime….（2）、举例Take…forexample…To explain…（3）、对比In contrast,…. /On the contrary（4）、递进Moreover/ Inaddition/ Besides（5）、因果Because…/Because of…Therefore…/Consequently…/ As aresult,…The reason is(was) that…The reason why(for which) …is (was)that…That is because(why)…One of theimportant reason is ….（6）、转折But…/However…/ Instead of…Otherwise…/Nevertheless….3．难以结尾：常用模式：（1）、总结Tosum up…/ In brief…（2）、个人观点Personally…/ As forme….现象解释型：模板一：(1)Recently, _______. What amazes usmost is _______. It is true that_______.(2)There are many reasons explaining_______. The main reason is ______.What is more, _______. Thirdly,________. As a result _________. (3)Considering all these, ________. Forone thing, _________. For another,______. In conclusion, ______.模板二：（1）As is known to all, _______._________ seem to getaccustomed to _________. In fact,__________.（2）The reasons of ______ lie in several aspects. Firstly, ______.Secondly, ______. Thirdly,______. Finally, _______.（3）As a matter of fact, ______. On the one hand , ______. On theother hand, ______. Therefore,______.现象解释型叙事：（1）It so happened that _______. Just at the moment, ________. Itimpressed most because________.（2）What happened was_______. At first, _______. Almost at thesame time, _______. What’smore, ______. As a result,________.（3）As I understand, ______. On the one hand , ______. On the otherhand, ______. Therefore, ______. 对比选择型：模板一：（1）There is a heated debate over _______. It is commonlyaccepted that ______. In contrast,others _______.（2）Those who hold the first opinionsuggest ________. In their view,______. However, others think______. They argue that ______. （3）Considering one after another, I stand on the side of ______. Firstof all,_______. Furthermore,_______. Thirdly, ______.Therefore, ________.模板二：(1)Recently, we may hear quite differentopinions _______. Most people take it for granted that ________.However, others hold ________. (2) A dominant idea is that _______. Inthe view, ______. Nevertheless, the objectors think _______. They argue that ______.(3)As to me, I prefer ______. Therefore,______. On the one hand , ______.On the other hand, ______. In conclusion, _______.模板三：(1)Different people will offer quitedifferent ideas _______. Many people assert _______. However, others believe ______.(2)Some may proclaim _______. Theymaintain such an idea because _______. In contrast, the objectors think _______. They argue that _______.(3)As far as I am concerned, I agree to_______. First, ______. Second, _____. Last but least, _______. In a word, ________.问题解决型：模板一：（1）With the ______ of _______, _______. So it is of greatimportance for us to _______. Onthe one hand , ______. On theother hand, ______.（2）However, we have figured out many ways to _______. Firstly,______. So long as _______.Secondly, _______. Thirdly,_______.（3）In fact, ______. That is because _______. In a word, ______.模板二：(1)There has been a discussion recentlyabout _______. It is true to thepresent situation that ________. But______.(2)As is known to all, there are manyways ______. First of all, ______.Furthermore, ______. Last but notleast, _______.(3)So it is high time for us to _______.That is because _______. Firstly,_____. In addition, ______. Only inthis way _______.观点论证型：It is well known that______. The truth of it is self—evident. No one can deny _____. Therefore, _______.Many examples can be found to prove _____. Take ______ as a typical example ______. People _____. Furthermore, ______.It goes without saying that _____. Then, _____. There is no doubt that ______. In conclusion, ________.It is believed that ______. The truth is deep and profound. As we know, ______. Consequently, ________.A case in point is _______. This is close to suggest _______. It is true that . In addition, _______.All mentioned above tells us ______. As a matter of fact, _______. There is no denying that _______. In short, ________.应用文：1.竞选演说词：Dear:It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech. To begin with, let me introduce myself, my name is _____. As some of you may know, I am ______.As for the position of ______., there are some things making me feel qualified to take the job. Firstly, I ______. Secondly, I______. Thirdly, I am good at _______.Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my _______ if I am lucky enough to be the ______. On the one hand, I, with my co-workers, will _______. On the other hand, I will ______. In addition, I will ______.I wish all of you the best and thank you all for listening. Thank you!2.日程安排解说词：Ladies and Gentlemen / Dear _______, Welcome to ________. To begin with, _______. It’s my pleasure to ______.Now to share the schedule with you, _______. Please keep in mind that _______. According to the schedule, ______. In addition, ______.As a matter of fact, ______. During your visit, ______. There is no doubt that ______.I hope that _____. Thank you very much for ______.3.建议信：Dear _____,I am delighted to learn that ______. It _______. In my opinion, ______. On the one hand, ______. On the other hand, ______.As to ______, I suggest ______. If ______. It is unnecessary for you to ______. In addition, ________. I am sure ________. Please inform me _______. I am looking forward to ________.Sincerely yours,Signature4.批评、抱怨信：Dear ______,My name is ______. I am _______. I venture to write you a letter about _______. The focus of the complaint is ______. Forone thing, _______. For another, ______. Honestly speaking, _______. But _______. Besides,_______.All in all, there is still much room for improvement ______. I do hope _______. Thank you for your time and kind consideration.Sincerely yours,Signature。