2. （地球一小时）这个活动的目的是为了 提高环保意识，应对气候变化。
This activity is held in order to raise people’s environmental awareness and fight/cope with climate change. This activity is held with the purpose of raising people’s environmental awareness and fighting/coping with climate change.
我们讨论了全球变暖的危害，如冰雪融 化、海面上升、城市被淹没、极限天气 增多、物种灭绝等。 We discussed the harmful effects that global warming is causing to our planet, including the melting of polar ice caps, which is causing the sea levels to rise and is threatening to drown our cities, and the increase of extreme weather conditions, and the extinction of many animal species.
2. 他失败的主要原因是他不够努力(句子)。
He failed because/for the reason that he didn’t work hard enough. The reason for his failure is that he didn’t work hard enough. The reason why he failed is that he didn’t work hard enough. His failure resulted from the fact that he didn’t work hard enough. It is because he didn’t work hard enough that he failed.
Due to/Because of/ Owing to careless driving, many traffic accidents happen. Many traffic accidents result from/are caused by careless driving.
5.粗心驾驶导致许多交通事故。
2.（地球一小时）这个活动的目的是为了 提高环保意识，应对气候变化。
The purpose of this activity is to raise people’s environmental awareness and (to) fight/ cope with climate change. This activity is aimed at raising people’s environmental awareness and fighting/coping with climate change.
1.为了提高学生讲英语的能力，学 生会要组织一场英语演讲比赛。 In order to improve the students’ ability to speak English, an Englishspeaking contest will be held by our Students’ Union.
3. 学生会将组织一次英语演讲比赛，目 的：增长环保知识；提高英语口语 内 容“保护环境，节约能源”。 The Students’ Union is going to organize an English-speaking contest, the theme of which is: “Protect our environment and save our energy” to increase our knowledge about the environment and improve our spoken English.
一位一流的音乐家。 She’s not only an excellent housewife, but (also) a first class musician. Not only is she an excellent housewife, but (also) a first class musician.
1.Expressing “purpose” 表“目的”

do sth in order to do , do sth so as to do , in order that, so that, do sth with the purpose of The purpose of … is to do… 活动+be aimed at doing
3. 体育锻炼不仅有助于身体健康，还能 使人保持愉悦的心境。 Physical exercise not only contributes to our physical health, but also enables us to keep a joyful heart.
Not only does physical exercise contribute to our physical health, but it also enables us to keep a joyful heart.
3. 海洋被污染的原因：①游客随便扔垃圾， ②工厂直接排放污水 （句子）。
The oceans are polluted because tourists throw rubbish everywhere and factories pour the polluted water directly into the sea. The oceans are polluted for the reasons that tourists throw rubbish casually and that factories pour the polluted water directly into the sea.
Careless driving causes/leads to/ results in many traffic accidents.
4. Not only A, but also B (通常A,B两部分词性一致)
1.
不仅是学生们，连老师们都被感 动到流泪了。
她不仅是一个出色的家庭主妇，而且是 一位一流的音乐家。
3. Expressing “reason” 表“因果”
Sentence patterns：表原因的句式 1) because of / due to / owing to ... + doing sth (句首) 2) … because + 原因从句… 3) … for the reason that… 4) The reason for sth is that + 原因从句 5) The reason why + 结果 is that + 原因从句 6) … result from the fact that … … result in the fact that …
The reasons why oceans are polluted are that toutirsts throw rubbish casually and that factories pour the polluted water directly into the sea.
4. 许多交通事故由粗心驾驶（名词）引 起。
1. 有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语 (originate from Latin)，例如:法语、意大利语和西 班牙语。
Some European languages such as/like/including French, Italian and Spanish originate from Latin.



由于缺乏资金和设备，许多非洲 儿童都不能享受受教育的权利。 他失败的主要原因是他不够努力。 海洋被污染的原因：游客乱扔垃 圾，工厂直接排污。 许多交通事故由粗心驾驶引起。
1. 由于缺乏资金和设备(名词)，许多非洲 儿童都不能享受受教育的权利。
Because of/Due to/ Owing to lacking funds and equipment, many African children cannot enjoy the right of receiving education. Because of/Due to/ Owing to a lack of funds and equipment, many African children cannot enjoy the right of receiving education. Many African children cannot enjoy the right of receiving education due to the fact that there aren’t enough funds and equipment.
2. 她是一个学习勤奋的学生。例如， 她经常努力学习到深夜。
She is a hard-woቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱking student. For example, she always studies hard till mid-night.
3. 除了北京本地学生外，许多来自不同国 家如英国，美国，法国等的学生参加 这次冬令营。 Besides the Beijing natives/locals, many students from other countries such as/like/including England, America and France participate in the winter camp.