• Reading: get main idea and understand the text in a limited time;
• Analyzing: is able to divide sense groups and get a clear idea about their logical relationship;
一、
词义的选择
根据引申含义选择词义
① There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in Hitler’s character. 希特勒生性既凶残又狡猾。
② Every life has its roses and thorns. 每个人的生活都是有甜有苦。
① He spent an anxious day in the lockup. 他在拘留所里焦急地熬过了一 天。
② 从那以后，他们过着很幸 福的生活。 From then on, they lived very happily for the rest of their lives.
三、
增词和减词
③ 不要公开与上司唱反调。
Don’t openly contradict your superiors. ④ 浦东是国际资本投资的热土。
4
Pudong is popular with the international investment.
二、
词类的转换
1.英语名词与汉语动词的转换
① Price is a matter of negotiation. 价格是可以进行协商的。
5. Sight Interpreting on Words and Phrases
词语包括词和短语，是积句成篇的基本语言单位。英汉互 译中，词语的处理首先需分析这两种语言的词语间存在的 差异，然后，透过语言现象探讨翻译对策和技巧。
一、词义的选择 二、词类的转换 三、增词与减词 四、正反、反正表达法 五、四字词语的翻译
• Producing: master basic skills in sighting interpreting; is capable of interpreting correctly, fluently and quickly; is able to do interpreting while reading next sense group or sentence.
2. 英语形容词与汉语动词的转 换
① Lisa seemed too ignorant of the ways of the world. 丽莎好像太不懂世道常情 了。
② 我们高度赞赏他为实现 世界和平所做的努力。 We are highly appreciative of his efforts to bring peace to the world.
Lisa is protecting her head with her arms and contracting her body.
三、
增词和减词
语法
⑤ She was one of my roommates at the university at which I studied. 她是我读大学时的室友。 ⑥ 他看上去有些忧愁不安。 He looked gloomy and anxious. ⑦ It’s true. He’s right about it. 真的呢，他说的没错。 ⑧ 你答应了帮助他就应该帮助他。 Since you promised, you should help him.
三、
增词和减词
① My brother Leo used to be an athlete, but he’s really let himself go to pot. In high school he ran eight miles every day but now he is just a couch potato.
2. The Types of Sight Interpreting
1
有准备视译（Prepared Sight Interpreting）& 无准备视译 （Unprepared Sight Interpreting）
有译稿视译（Sight Interpreting with
2 Translated Text）&无译稿视译（Sight
一、
词义的选择
一词多类、一词多义是英汉两种语言中常见的语 言现象。越是常用的词，越是拥有繁多的词义或属于 繁多的词类。正确的词义只有在具体的上下文中才能 得以确立。
1.根据词类选择词义； 2.根据搭配选择词义； 3.根据感情色彩选择词义； 4.根据引申含义选择词义。
一、
词义的选择ຫໍສະໝຸດ 根据词类选择词义背景我的弟弟Leo曾是个运动健将，但现在他却每况愈下。在中学时 代每天坚持长跑八英里，现如今他只是坐在电视机前吃薯片。
② 三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮。 The wit of three cobblers, the ordinary mind, combined surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind.
1
① He likes English and maths. ② Do as you like. ③ Like charges rebel; Unlike charges attract. ④ Very like, he will come tomorrow. ⑤ Like knows like./ Like likes like. ⑥ He looks like an American. ⑦ I hope I can speak English like you do.
三、
增词和减词
词义
① He was impressed by Deng’s flexibility. 他对邓（小平）的灵活态度印象很深。
② 这些年来，他一直从事着环境方面的研究工作。 He has been conducting research on environments these years.
Sight Interpreting
Sight Interpreting (1)
1 The Definition of Sight Interpreting 2 The Types of Sight Interpreting 3 Characteristics of Sight Interpreting 4 Basic Requirements of Sight Interpreting 5 Sight Interpreting on Words and Phrases
“Sure, I’m sure,” said the little boy. “I saw the man looking for it.”
Question
What troubles did you meet when you were doing sight interpreting?
3. Characteristics of Sight Interpreting
② 他的言行证明他是诚实的。 His words and deeds testify to his honesty.
二、
词类的转换
1.英语名词与汉语动词的转换
2. 英语形容词与汉语动词的转 换
3. 英语副词与汉语动词的转换
4. 英语介词与汉语动词的转换
5. 英语抽象名词与汉语形容词 的转换 6. 英汉副词与形容词的转换
他们冒然采取一项野心勃勃的改革计划。 ③ 小提琴家进行了一场精彩的表演。
3
The violinist gave a wonderful performance.
④ 这事你做的可真精彩，搬起石头砸自己的脚。
You have done a terrible job, shooting yourself in the foot.
二、
词类的转换
1.英语名词与汉语动词的转换
2. 英语形容词与汉语动词的转 换
3. 英语副词与汉语动词的转换
① A new English-Chinese dictionary is out. 一本新的英汉词典出版了。
② 小偷绕着汤姆家的房子转 了一圈，试图找一条路进去， 可似乎不大可能。 The thief ran round Tom’s house looking for a way in, but it seemed impossible.
1. The Definition of Sight Interpreting
Sight translation transforms a written message into a spoken message.
It involves reading a text silently in the source language, and then speaking it in the target language.
二、
词类的转换
1.英语名词与汉语动词的转换
2. 英语形容词与汉语动词的转 换
3. 英语副词与汉语动词的转换
4. 英语介词与汉语动词的转换
① She went into the library, with a book in her hand. 她拿着本书，进了图书馆。
② 他这些年经历了很多。 He has been through a lot these years.
Interpreting without Translated Text）
3
逐步视译（Consecutive Sight Interpreting）& 同步视译（Simultaneous Sight Interpreting）