新标准大学英语1 outside view第一单元Julie:My name's Julie Dearden, and I'm the Director of International Programmes here at Hertford College.Eugene:My name's Eugene Berger, I studied here in Oxford for four years er, studying modern languages at Somerville College.Julie:Oh, there are many Oxford traditions. Oxford is a very old university, the oldest English speaking university in the, in the world. And so there aremany traditions which are associated with the colleges, with the times of theyear, and with sport, and with eating, for example.Eugene:Each college is very different um, from um, the others, and it has its own character. Some colleges are very conservative, and some are much moreliberal and have a tradition of um, kind of liberal politics. But there are alsosome specific traditions.Julie:Formal Hall is when we all eat together here in college, the professors and the students. Usually it takes places at seven o'clock in the evening, and theprofessors sit on high table which is the table over here, and the students siton common table, which are the tables here. But everybody eats together.It's a very beautiful evening because there are, there's a special meal andwe eat by candlelight.Eugene:I think er, the traditions that make Oxford so unique are firstly the Oxford Union and er, secondly, May Day. The Oxford Union being a debatingsociety where speakers come from all around the world to address thestudents and even allow themselves to be questioned by the students,making it a very interesting forum.Julie:My favourite is er, May Day. And May Day is the first day of May, and we have a tradition called May Morning, and on May Morning everybody getsup very early and the students have a celebration. There is a choir whichsings on top of the tower at Magdalen College and all the people of the townand all the students go to listen to the singing. So it‘s very nice.Eugene:The tradition that er, was most important to me was probably Summer Eights. I was a rower. And Summer Eights is a rowing competition, held inMay in the summer term. And in this competition, each college is trying toimprove its place which it won the previous year and gradually work its wayup the river.Julie:When the students take exams, they must go to a special building and it's called Examination Schools. And also they must wear a special uniform, sothey wear a gown like mine, a black gown, and they wear a white shirt, andthe men wear a white tie and black trousers. The women wear a white shirtand a black skirt or black trousers. And they must wear this uniform, whichhas a Latin name – sub fusc – and they must wear this uniform in order totake their examinations.Eugene:I think the Oxford traditions lend character to the place and it's such an old institution, it should have traditions, but they can be very inconvenient. Forexample, sub fusc. This is the uniform that we are required according to theuniversity rules, to wear.Julie:They also wear flowers in their buttonholes, and those flowers arecarnations. And they wear different colours, the students wear differentcoloured flowers for different examinations. So when you take your firstexam you wear a white flower, and when you take your second exam youwear a pink flower, and when you take your final examination you wear a redcarnation.Eugene:So we have to dress up in a full black suit, starched collar, white bow tie and carry a mortarboard. And to write an exam in the summer heat whilstwearing all that which you're not allowed to take off is um, uncomfortable.Julie:I really like the Oxford traditions, I think it's part of our history, and part of um, being a student or a teacher here at Oxford University.第二单元Voiceover:We were lucky to be invited into the kitchen at the Dooky Chase'sRestaurant. Leah has been working in the restaurant for over 50 years. Shetold us about her life and she explained how to make a simple dish called"shrimp Clemenceau".Leah:This is a very simple dish. First you get some shrimp. You can do this dish with chicken or shrimp, but I like it with the shrimp better. So you just browna little thing ...Interviewer:And, and what's, what's the actual, what's the cooking in?Leah:Butter.Interviewer:OK.Leah:It just cook, so here you get a little cholesterol, but hey, that's it, a little cholesterol. Then you wanna get the garlic. So you see it works two forces.You get the cholesterol, and then you get a little garlic, cut out on thecholesterol, you see.Interviewer:OK. And where did you, where did you learn all the cooking?Leah:Well, my mother, you know. I'm the top of the line of 11 children, so you get to learn how to cook whether you like it or not. You get to cook that way.Then here you want to add a little mushroom in here, this is just slicedbutton mushroom. If you like other mushroom, you can do that, we justsauté that in there. You know, at home, when you, you have to cook,everybody had that turn in the kitchen. So this is a dish that is used inseveral restaurants, but this is my own version. Some people do it differentthan this, but I like it this way, because I like the ... Can you smell the garlicin there?Interviewer:Oh, yeah.Leah:Alright?Interviewer:That smell is very strong.Leah:Uha, and then you want to add your peas. It's very, very simple. Interviewer:And did you, did your mum run the restaurant as well?Leah:No, no, my mother-in-law. My mother-in-law had this restaurant before Icame in. And she started it in 41. I came in in 46. So, and I added manythings. You have to understand in 41. Now here we can add our potatoes.You see our shrimp is all cooked there. Just add the potato. You canpre-cook your potatoes. You can boil them, or in this case, we, we blanchthem a little bit. In that and just toss together, and you get one, you get justone casserole like here. And you can put a little pepper on it. Give it a gooddash of pepper. A little salt. It's very simple, but it's a good dish. And as Isaid, you can do it with chicken breast or shrimp. You see? Toss it and getit there.Interviewer:And what do you, what do you call the dish?Leah: A shrimp Clemenceau. And I, I really don't know how it got that name, but it's popular in this area. But as I said, some people do it a little different.You can take wine at this point. You can hit a little wine in there if you like it,but I, I just don't like to kill the taste of the butter and the garlic. I like that alot. And you can take the parsley, always parsley.Interviewer:That's parsley, isn't it?Leah:Parsley. Uhm. And I'm gonna show you something that all Creoles keep in their kitchen. You see you get kind of a like a dull look here. But everyCreole has this paprika in their kitchen. And give it all a dash of paprika.And you get a little color there, you see? A little red color there. And it'svery, very simple, great dish to eat. Not hard to make. You see? And youhave a good dish.第三单元Teacher:Good morning, class.Students:Good morning.Teacher:What we're going to do today is start off looking at mind maps or mind mapping. Now have any of you heard about mind maps before?Students:Yes ... No ...Teacher:Yes. Some of you have, some of you haven't. OK. Have any of you actuallyused mind maps in the past?Students:No ...Teacher:No? OK. Who can tell me what a mind map is?Student 1:It’s a way of thinking.Teacher:It is a way of thinking. Mind maps are diagrams which help us to generate ideas, and also to organize or structure our ideas related to a topic. What I'dlike to do next is look at some of the uses or the reasons for using mindmaps. What are some of the reasons for using mind maps?Student 2:To make a list?Teacher:To make a list? Yes. We could say to brainstorm ideas. Everyonecontributes their ideas as many ideas as quickly as possible, from everyonein a shorter time, er, as, as we can manage. OK, brainstorming is one of themost important um, um, uses of mind maps. What might be another use oranother reason for using mind maps?Student 3:It can help me take notes in the class.Teacher:OK, for the note-taking, a very good reason. Mind maps help us to get an overview or a, a quick understanding about a subject. By using mind mapsto collect the main ideas from what the teacher says, you can keep a, a verygeneral understanding of a topic and understand connections quite easilyand um, quickly. What are some other uses of mind maps?Student 4:Preparing for exams?Teacher:OK. Preparing for exams. That's a, a very good reason. We might call this, er, revision. Before an exam, after having studied for many, many days oreven weeks, you might want to capture the, the, the very generalunderstanding about the subject. Are there any other uses that you can thinkof for mind mapping?Student 5:We can also use it for finding answers.Teacher:For finding answers. That's, that's a very good, good answer. We could callthis problem- solving. We can use mind maps to, to see other possiblealternatives, or options to, to, to solve a problem. OK. Next, I'd like us to talkabout some of the advantages or the benefits of using mind maps instead ofjust writing everything on a piece of paper. One of the most obviousadvantages, as you can see, is that mind maps are very visual. They give usum, almost a picture, a, a different perspective in terms of a picture, or adiagram of understanding information or understanding connected ideas,which is very helpful for people who like to learn from a different way. Arethere any other advantages that you can think of for mind mapping? Student 4:It lists the main points.Teacher:They do. They do list the main points. We could call this um, a quick summary. As you can see, we have main ideas throughout our mind map,not long texts. And in this way, it helps us to grasp the, the key ideas and thekey connections for mind maps or for our given subject. Are there any otheradvantages you can think of?Student 1:To think creatively.Teacher:To think creatively. That's, that's a very good point. We could call this creative thinking. And what we mean here is basically thinking outside of thebox or thinking laterally. Mind maps are illogical and by being illogical theyencourage us to think creatively, you might say.Teacher:Next, I'd like us to think about aspects of design orconstructing mind maps. So far we have completed threequarters of our mind map about mind maps. And then I'djust like you to have a look at this mind map and tell mewhat some of the most noticeable or striking features arethat we can talk about.Student 2:There is a centre.Teacher:There is a centre. There is what we call a central word, acentral word or a phrase. It might also be a sentence or aquestion. You might have that in the centre of the board andyour related thoughts spiraling or radiating out. What elsedo you notice about the design of this mind map?Student 1:There are only words, not sentences.Teacher:Exactly. There are many what we call key words as they capture the main thought of, of an issue rather than a longsentence or, or a passage. This helps us to concentrate onthe main issues and find connections between these issuesas well. What other aspects of design do you notice here? Student 5:It looks like a tree.Teacher:It does look like a tree because it has branches. By having branches, it shows how, um, thinking is radiating out orspiraling out from key ideas or central ideas to key words tosub-words and, and so forth. Are there any other aspects ofdesign which you notice in this particular map?Student 2:You used a lot of colours.Teacher:I did. I perhaps use too many colours. I have used different colour to show the different key words or different aspects ofmind mapping. You might like to use different colours tohighlight different sections of a mind map or keyinformation. Or you may, you may choose to have it all inone colour. It's very much a personal choice, depending onhow you like to, to think and, and plan your thinking. Youmight also like to use images or pictures related to some ofthe key words. Or you might even use symbols. We'll put aquestion mark because this again is a personal choice andhow you like to design your mind maps. For example, Imight choose to use a thought bubble as a symbol,highlighting or identifying my central phrase, mind maps.This could be a, a feature of my own mind maps. WheneverI design a mind map, I highlight my central thought using aspeech bubble symbol.第四单元Voiceover:It's the most popular means of communication in the 21st century. Nobody writes letters any more, especially young people. They all use textmessaging instead. Officially called SMS – short message service – textmessaging is slow to enter, and you can only key in 160 characters. So whyis it such a success? The first text message was sent in 1992, but textingonly became commercially available in 1995. It has grown incredibly quicklysince then. Just look at the graph. In 1999, the number of texts sent reachedone billion. Over the next three years, it grew to 20 billion! So people havenow sent billions of texts, and the number continues to rise. It isn't difficult tosee why it quickly became part of youth culture.Emily:I use it every day. I don't call a lot of people on it. I just use it for text messages because it's easy and quick to send things and arrange things bytext.Heidi:Mainly to friends. Sometimes it's useful to get information for work as well.You know, if people want to give you contact numbers or things like that, it'seasier than phoning.Andy:I've had my mobile phone for about three years. I mostly use it for just texting my mates and arranging sort of social meetings with them.Alice:I like texting. I don't really talk much on it except just to make arrangements but texting's the biggest thing I do.Male:I probably text message about ten, 15 times a day.Alice:Usually, I don't know, about ten. Ten to 15. Fifteen maybe to 20.Voiceover:It isn't just young people who use texting. Companies use it too – for advertising and promotion. For example, the Orange telephone network hasrun a text message promotional campaign since April 2004. People text aspecial number on a Wednesday and receive a discount voucher by text.They show this message to any one of 450 cinemas in Britain and get twotickets for the price of one. Why Wednesday? Wednesday has always beenthe worst day of the week for cinemas. Since the campaign started, cinemaattendance has risen on Wednesdays by nearly ten per cent. And, ofcourse, TV uses text message voting to decide lots of things. Texting hasbeen one of the most successful inventions for years.第五单元Voiceover:Finding someone to love isn't easy. For years, single people have looked for prospective mates in a few tried-and-true ways. They met in school or atwork, through friends or relatives. Or they met by chance in bars, atweddings, or at parties. Today there's a new way to find that specialsomeone. Many people have met boyfriends, girlfriends, fiancés,husbands, and wives in a way that didn't exist up to about ten years ago.The Internet has completely changed the world of dating. Anyone can lookfor a match online at one of hundreds of different websites like these.Consultant:There are approximately 150 million singles in North America, and what's interesting is that a lot of them are trying online dating.Speaker 1:I've never tried Internet dating.Speaker 2:I have friends who have tried Internet dating, and one of them is getting married to the person he dated.Speaker 3:I have not tried Internet dating, but I have a friend who has.Speaker 4:I have not tried Internet dating.Speaker 5:I have tried Internet dating. I had one good experience and one bad experience.Speaker 6:I've tried Internet dating. It worked out very well.Carol:Hi!Daughter:Hi!Carol:Oh, it's good to see you! You look great!Daughter:Thank you.Carol:Hey, I love the color.Daughter:Thank you. Come in, come in.Voiceover:How does Internet dating work? Carol is about to find out. She's having dinner with her daughter, who has just registered on an Internet dating site.Carol:So how's work?Daughter:Work is really good. It's busy, so I've been making money.Carol:Good. Have you met anyone yet?Daughter:No, not yet. But I just signed up. Mum? Mum, come on. I'll show you.Consultant:To get started with Internet dating, there are four steps. The first one is to find the service that works for you. Second step is to create your profile.Find a great picture of yourself that shows you doing something that youenjoy. Write about who you are and who you're looking for. Third step is tostart searching for that special someone. Use the search function on thesite to identify people in your area that you may want to hook up with.Fourth step is to reach out to those people. You write them a nice shortletter. Show that you're interested in them and off it goes. After that, sitback, cross your fingers, and hope for the best.。