定语从句请看下面的句子：（一）概念:定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
（二）定语从句的分类Ⅰ、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。
与先行词之间不用逗号。
e.g:This is the book that/which I want.Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。
从句一般用逗号同主句分开。
e.g:Mr. Green，who is watching TV，is my uncle.（三）(限定性)定语从句的结构先行词关系代词关系副词which, who, whom,whose, that where, when, why（四）定语从句的实质：二句合一（合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地）Mary is a girl.合并为一个句子She has long hair.思路：留（保留先行词）-----舍（舍去与先行词互指的词）----替（用关系词代替舍去部分）Mary is a girl who/that has long hair.请把下列句子二句合一the door2.The girl is happy. She won the race（五）定语从句关系词的确定:● a.先行词的分类● b.先行词在从句中充当的成分1.先行词做主语人：who/that物：which/that2.先行词做宾语人：who/whom/that物：which/that3.先行词做定语人：whose物：whose/of which4.先行词做状语：w h e n,w h e r e,w h y●who, whom, whose, that用法区别.●who /that作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 做题思路：先分解——分析——再合并●Whom /that作定语从句的宾语The woman（whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.分解The woman is a teacher.注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.●whose 作定语从句的定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.小结：关系词判断步骤●首先，要辨别出先行词。
如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用who, that whom, whose。
如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that●然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。
请看下表巩固练习：用适当代关系词填空1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her.3. The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.（六）只能用that,不能用which的情况：(1)先行词为all, everything，anything，nothing, something, nothing ,few, little, much, the one等不定代词时；(2)先行词被形容词最高级所修饰或被the only, the very, the last, any, few, little , no, all, one of 等修饰时：(3)先行词为数词或被序数词（含last)修饰时。
（4）先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时。
(5)在以who, which开头的句子中为了避免重复。
口诀：不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错先行词前有修饰，千万不能用which.请在以下例句中体会以上规则：1. Here is something that I will tell you.2.We haven’t got much that we can offer you.3. Is it the one that you want ?4.This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard.5. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see.6.Which is the bike that you lost?7.Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（七）只能使用w h i c h的情况●1.关系代词前有介词时；●2.先行词本身是t h a t时；●3.非限定定语从句●口诀:要有w h i c h别着急，●介词提前逗隔离。
●e.g:1.T h i s i s t h e c l a s s r o o m i n w h i c h w e s t u d i e d f o r t w o y e a r.●2.S h e h a s t w o d o l l s，w h i c h a r e f r o m h e r p a r e n t s【定语从句命题趋势与预测】根据对定语从句部分全国各省市中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一。
其考查重点为：1．定语从句的功用和结构2．关系代词和关系副词的功用3．各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法【考点诠释】一、考查以that与which引导的定语从句1．通常只能用that的情况1）当先行词是不定代词a11，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时。
2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some，the only．the very．the last等修饰时。
3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。
【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend. [哈尔滨市]A. thatB. whenC. who[答案]A。
[解析]在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。
由先行词the days作spent 的宾语可判定用that引导。
2．通常只用which的情况(1)引导非限定性定语从句，用关系代词which指代前面整个句子的内容。
(2)引导非限定性定语从句，而且先行词指物时只能用which，不用that。
(3)如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用that引导，那么其中一个应改用which引导。
【考例】Many young people love the songs _________have great lyrics. [成都市]A. whoB. thoseC. which[答案]C。
[解析]考查定语从句。
定语从句的引导词有which，who，where，that，故排除B，who指人，又排除了A，先行词是物，故选C。
二、考查以who，whom与whose引导的定语从句(1)如果先行词是指人的不定代词anyone，anybody，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，nobody，one，ones，those，all(指人)等作先行词，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。
who而不用which。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who，作宾语用whom，who。
(3)在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose，它相当于the+名词+of +which／whom；非限制性定语从句中还有“代词／数词+of +which／whom"结构。
【考例The man _________ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist. [广东省]A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. whom[答案]A。
[解析]本题考查定语从句的关系代词。
先行词为the man，指人，排除which；连接代词在从句中作主语，排除whose和whom。
故本题选who。
--Do you know the man __is running along the street?--Yes. He is our English teacher. [长沙市]A. whoB. whichC. whom[答案]A。
[解析]考查定语从句。
限制性定语从句，如果修饰人，一般用关系who，有时用that(作主语时用who较多)。
三、考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句它们相当于“介词+which"，其中where=in／at +which；when=at／in／during +which；why=for +which。
(1)关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。
（2）关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。
(3)关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。
【考例】(2009·绵阳中考)Disney is an amusement park you can find a11 the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters．A．which B．where C．that D ．when答案：B点拨：此题考查定语从句。
先行词为an amusement park指地点，故关系词用where。
五、对“介词+关系代词”的考查当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。
先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom"，且两个关系代词均不能省略。