• Children: (kind vs evil) • Initially the boys listen to their consciences and act according to the moral code they were taught during their upbringing. They set rules, allocate jobs, and democratically elect a leader. As time goes by, boys such as the elected leader Ralph, the rational Piggy and the kind Simon manage to remain disciplined, but others indulge and let their morals decay little by little, particularly the proud Jack and his group of hunters.
• From this view of human nature Golding draws deep implications for society. He believes that because of the fundamental potential in every person to commit evil acts there will always be criminals and wrong doers in society no matter how well intentioned a society‟s ideologies. Therefore a society without laws and law enforcement will inevitably fail.
William Golding (1911—1993) What man is, whatever man is under the eye of heaven, that I burn to know and that-I do not say this lightly-I would endure knowing. —William Golding
The Lord of the Flies
• 蝇王来源于希伯来语，原词为 “Beë lzebub or Baalzebub”(又有 说此词出自阿拉伯语)。在 英语中，“蝇王”则是粪便与丑恶之王（或 污物之王），在《圣经》中，“Baal”被当作 “万恶之首”。在小说里，蝇王不只是象征 着丑恶的悬挂着的猪头，更代表的是人性最 深层的黑暗面，是无法避免的劣根性。
Plot
Ralph（拉尔夫 Piggy（猪崽子) Simon(西蒙) Jack （杰克)
Ralph Piggy Simon
vs.
Jack …
Several deaths
Piggy Simon
Plot- main characters • Ralph(拉尔夫 ) he is the most civilized character throughout the novel, calm and rational, with sound judgment and a strong moral sensibility. With his strong commitment to justice and equality, Ralph represents the political tradition of liberal democracy.
4. The charred sticks:烧焦的枝条。Char: partially burn (an object) so as to blacken its surface. 5. The densest on the island…before them:他们的左 面是岛上丛林最密的部分，黑色的、绿色的， 弯曲盘缠的根茎长满一地，简直无法穿越；他 们面前摇曳着的是高高的野草。(这种自然景色 描写烘托了孩子们的紧张心情）
• Jack Merridew (杰克 ) cruel and sadistic (施虐狂的), preoccupied with hunting and killing pigs. Jack exemplifies militarism as it borders on authoritarianism. Jack represents anarchy. His rejection of Ralph‟s imposed order and the bloody results of this act indicate the danger inherent in an anarchic system based only on self-interest.
• Piggy（猪崽子) the intellectual on the island. Intellectual, sensitive, and conscientious, Piggy represents culture within the democratic system embodied by Ralph. Piggy‟s nickname symbolically connects him to the pigs on the island, who quickly become the targets of Jack‟s and his hunters‟ bloodlust--an association that foreshadows his murder.
7. He stepped through the screen of grass on to the little open space that led to the narrow neck. 他穿过象屏幕似的野草，走到了通向狭长地 带的小空地上。 8. Piggy peered anxiously into the luminous veil that hung between him and the world:猪崽子不 安地向前看着，有一道发光的帷幕似乎在他 面前，把他和世界隔开。
The theme
• William Golding: "the theme (of the book) is an attempt to trace back the defects of society to the defects of human nature...The moral is that the shape of society must depend on the ethical nature of the individual and not on any political system." • It is a commentary on the darkness that exists in all mankind. The evil in every soul that seeps (渗出，渗漏) through when humans are unsupervised, uncivilized and driven to madness.
Main works: Lord of the Flies, (1st novel,1954) The Inheritors (1955) Pincher Martin(1956) Free Fall (1959), The Spire (1964), Brass Butterfly (1958),ect
6. Here was the crushed grass where they had all lain when he had gone to prospect. There was the neck of land, the ledge skirting the rock, up there were the red pinnacles:这儿有被压得乱糟糟的野草， 那一次拉尔夫前去探查时，他们全都躺在这儿。 那儿有一块狭长的地带，岩石周围有些突出的 部分，上方则是一个个红色的尖石块。Prospect: skirt: go round or past the edge of; be situated along or around of the edge of.
• Simon（西蒙） : enlightened, spiritual, prophet
Symbolism:
• Characters • conch-power • Ralph also found a conch(海螺) earlier and the boys view it as a symbol of authority. Whenever the conch is blown, the boys meet together and only the boy holding the conch may talk while all others must listen and wait for their turn when the conch is passed to them
Features of Golding’s works 1.rich in imagination 2.In many novels Golding has revealed the dark places of human heart, when isolated individuals or small groups are pushed into extreme situations. His work is characterized by exploration of the “darkness of man‟s heart”, deep spiritual and ethical questions. 3.He preached moral sermons by using fables, metaphors, symbolism, and citing the Bible and mythologies