英语修辞手法英语中的修辞与汉语的修辞相比,分类细,种类多.下面将英语的修辞简单介绍如下:Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物或现象作对比。
这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词he had just walked out of a fairy tale.Metaphor隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻, 不是通过比喻词进行，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写即将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。
1. German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets.德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2. The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容1. The kettle boils. 水开了。
2. The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。
II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。
III.以作者代替作品a complete Shakespeare莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.Synecdoche 提喻又称举隅法，主要特点是用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.或以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。
men.句中的“the flesh and blood”喻为（巨大的牺牲）2.“tongue”代替抽象的—岁的黑姑娘。
这里的“many eyes”代替了4. There are about 100 (部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人。
5. He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿。
6. The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.Personification拟人拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物，把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物之上，使之人格化，以in one summer.(From“ Watching Ants”) 一个夏天她（把夜拟人化）singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）六、Hyperbole 夸张夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的，它运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染和装饰客观事物。
它可以加强语势,增加表达效果以达到强调的效果。
1. My blood froze.我的血液都凝固了。
2. When I told our father about this,his heart burst.当我将这件事告诉我们的父亲时，他的心几乎要迸出来。
3. My heart almost stopped beating when I hear d my daughter’svoice on the phone. 从电话里一6. When she heard the bad news,melonymy借代“word”在这里代替了（消息、信息）2.艾尔用眼睛说，“是的”。
“说”应该是嘴的功能，这里实际上是用眼神表达了“说话的意思”。
Parallelism 排比, 平行这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体。
1. No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.2. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话1. He is out visiting the necessary?他出去方便一下。
2. His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.3. Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. （去世）Allegory讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。
英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学英语教程》一书这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为"换个方式的说法".它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表真正意味：趁热打铁Irony反语反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法即用含蓄的褒义词语来表示其反面的意义，从而达到使本义更加幽默，更加讽刺的效果。
1.Well, of course, I knew that gentlemen like you carry only large notes.啊，当然，我知道像你这样的先生只带大票子。
2. It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）3. Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar. Pun双关双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意和谐音或以一个词或词组，用巧妙的办法同时把互不关联的两种含义结合起来，以取得一种诙谐有趣的效果。
1.Napoleon was astonished.”Either you are mad, or I am,”he declared. sir!”cried theSwede proudly.“Both”一词一语双关，既指拿破仑和这位士兵都是疯子，又指这位战士参加过拿破仑指挥的两次战役。
2. She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.3. An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.4. If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.Parody 仿拟这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.1. Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.2. A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.3. If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.Rhetorical question修辞疑问（反问）它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手段,取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻。
1. How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?2. Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?Antithesis对照,对比,对偶这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.1. Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.2. Y ou are staying; I am going.Paradox隽语,是一种矛盾修辞法。
欲速则不达。
（童年时代可决定人之未来）三岁看大，四岁看老。
Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义。
1.No light, but rather darkness visible.没有光亮，黑暗却清晰可见。
2.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.Climax渐进法,层进法这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小.轻重.深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点。
可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象。
1. I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.2. Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.Anticlimax渐降法与climax相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词语由大到小,由强到弱地排列。