光学工程课程设计班级：T1003-3班学号：20100030305姓名：李金鑫一.光学设计软件ZEMAX 的使用 设计要求：1. 镜头镜片数小于10片2. 图像传感器(CCD)指标像素：1200×960，像元：3.8 3.8m m μμ⨯ 。

3. 物镜定焦，焦距28.0mm ，畸变 < 3.5%焦距280.2f mm mm '=±，相对孔径/1/3.5D f '=轴上点100/lp mm 的MTF 值在0.3以上，轴外0.707视场100/lp mm 的MTF 值在0.15以上， 渐晕：中心相对照度 > 65 %在可见光波段设计(取d 、F 、C 三种色光，d 为主波长)。

4.计算过程：成像面积：（1200*3.8）*（960*3.8）=4.56*3.648mm 2 对角线长度：22648.356.4+=5.84mm像高：5.84/2=2.92mm 无限远入射光线的半视场角为： 96.5)arctan(''==fy w CCD 的特征频率为：1/（2*0.038）=131.6 lp/mm有效焦距长度：'f =28mm 由于相对孔径'13.5D f =，所以8D mm =。

软件设计结果：1．透镜结构参数，视场、孔径等光学特性参数：GENERAL LENS DATA:Surfaces : 12Stop : 6System Aperture : Entrance Pupil Diameter = 8Glass Catalogs : SCHOTTRay Aiming : OffApodization : Uniform, factor = 0.00000E+000Effective Focal Length : 28.0008(in air at system temperature and pressure) Effective Focal Length : 28.0008(in image space)Back Focal Length : 17.49979Total Track : 40.26Image Space F/# : 3.499992Paraxial Working F/# : 3.499992Working F/# : 3.498718Image Space NA : 0.1414217Object Space NA : 4e-010Stop Radius : 2.446367Paraxial Image Height : 2.92315Paraxial Magnification : 0Entrance Pupil Diameter : 8Entrance Pupil Position : 17.94124Exit Pupil Diameter : 9.552524Exit Pupil Position : -33.42397Field Type : Angle in degrees Maximum Field : 5.96Primary Wave : 0.5875618Lens Units : MillimetersAngular Magnification : 0.837475Fields: 4Field Type: Angle in degrees# X-Value Y-Value Weight1 0.000000 0.000000 1.0000002 0.000000 3.440000 1.0000003 0.000000 4.860000 1.0000004 0.000000 5.960000 1.000000Vignetting Factors# VDX VDY VCX VCY VAN1 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.0000002 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.0000003 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.0000004 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000Wavelengths: 3Units: Microns# Value Weight1 0.486133 1.0000002 0.587562 1.0000003 0.656273 1.000000Surface 6 Data SummaryTitle:Date : WED JAN 9 2012Lens units: 毫米Thickness : 3.71Diameter : 4.93475Edge Thickness:Y Edge Thick: 3.0744X Edge Thick: 3.0744Index of Refraction:Glass:# Wavelength Index1 0.48613 1.00000000002 0.58756 1.00000000003 0.65627 1.0000000000Surface Powers (as situated):Surf 5 : -0.096255Surf 6 : 0Power 5 6 : -0.096255EFL 5 6 : -10.389F/# 5 6 : -1.6343Surface Powers (in air):Surf 5: 0Surf 6: 0Power 5 6 : 0EFL 5 6 : 0Shape Factor: 1SURFACE DATA SUMMARY:Surf Type Radius Thickness Glass Diameter Conic OBJ STANDARD 无限远无限远 0 01 STANDARD 17.412 2.21 SSK4A 11.54063 02 STANDARD 44.806 0.54 10.92813 03 STANDARD 10.871 5.05 N-SK16 10.21084 04 STANDARD 无限远 0.87 F14 7.583943 05 STANDARD 6.248 4.05 6.356952 0 STO STANDARD 无限远 3.71 4.934755 07 STANDARD -6.576 0.84 F14 5.641057 08 STANDARD 无限远 2.78 N-SK16 6.386702 09 STANDARD -8.484 0.54 7.365621 010 STANDARD 40.196 2.18 N-SK16 7.733431 011 STANDARD -22.428 17.49 7.845499 0 IMA STANDARD 无限远 5.836295 0EDGE THICKNESS DATA:Surf Edge1 1.5604792 1.4790143 3.7765684 1.7388935 3.181107STO 3.0744047 1.4755968 1.9389819 1.56743310 1.64786811 17.835717IMA 0.000000INDEX OF REFRACTION DATA:Surf Glass Temp Pres 0.486133 0.587562 0.6562730 20.00 1.00 1.00000000 1.00000000 1.000000001 SSK4A 20.00 1.00 1.62546752 1.61764975 1.614266422 20.00 1.00 1.00000000 1.00000000 1.000000003 N-SK16 20.00 1.00 1.62755635 1.62040997 1.617271664 F14 20.00 1.00 1.61249349 1.60140055 1.596763175 20.00 1.00 1.00000000 1.00000000 1.000000006 20.00 1.00 1.00000000 1.00000000 1.000000007 F14 20.00 1.00 1.61249349 1.60140055 1.596763178 N-SK16 20.00 1.00 1.62755635 1.62040997 1.617271669 20.00 1.00 1.00000000 1.00000000 1.0000000010 N-SK16 20.00 1.00 1.62755635 1.62040997 1.6172716611 20.00 1.00 1.00000000 1.00000000 1.0000000012 20.00 1.00 1.00000000 1.00000000 1.00000000 THERMAL COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION DATA:Surf Glass TCE *10E-60 0.000000001 SSK4A 6.100000002 0.000000003 N-SK16 6.300000004 F14 7.900000005 0.000000006 0.000000007 F14 7.900000008 N-SK16 6.300000009 0.0000000010 N-SK16 6.3000000011 0.0000000012 0.00000000F/# DATA:F/# calculations consider vignetting factors and ignore surface apertures.Wavelength: 0.486133 0.587562 0.656273 # Field Tan Sag Tan Sag Tan Sag1 0.0000 deg: 3.4999 3.4999 3.4987 3.4987 3.5003 3.50032 3.4400 deg: 3.5059 3.5034 3.5047 3.5022 3.5063 3.50383 4.8600 deg: 3.5115 3.5068 3.5105 3.5056 3.5121 3.50714 5.9600 deg: 3.5169 3.5102 3.5160 3.5090 3.5176 3.5105 CARDINAL POINTS:Object space positions are measured with respect to surface 1.Image space positions are measured with respect to the image surface.The index in both the object space and image space is considered.Object Space Image SpaceW = 0.486133Focal Length: -28.009159 28.009159Focal Planes: -5.396361 0.018674Principal Planes: 22.612798 -27.990486Anti-Principal Planes : -33.405520 28.027833Nodal Planes: 22.612798 -27.990486Anti-Nodal Planes: -33.405520 28.027833W = 0.587562 (Primary)Focal Length: -28.000842 28.000876Focal Planes: -5.508010 0.009789Principal Planes: 22.491928 -27.990148Anti-Principal Planes : -33.507947 28.009727Nodal Planes: 22.491928 -27.990148Anti-Nodal Planes: -33.507947 28.009727W = 0.656273Focal Length: -28.011708 28.011708Focal Planes: -5.572853 0.025235Principal Planes: 22.438855 -27.986473Anti-Principal Planes : -33.584560 28.036943Nodal Planes: 22.438855 -27.986473Anti-Nodal Planes: -33.584560 28.0369432．像质指标实际值目标值'= 28f mm28.0008畸变：0.28% ﹤3.5% MTF：100lp/mm 70.29% >30%（轴上） 100lp/mm 66.4% >15%（轴外）3．公差数据分析结果：Analysis of TolerancesUnits are 毫米.Paraxial Focus compensation is on. In this mode, allcompensators are ignored, except paraxial back focus change.WARNING: RAY AIMING IS OFF. Very loose tolerances may not be computed accurately. WARNING: Boundary constraints on compensators are ignored whenusing fast mode or user-defined merit functions.Criteria : RMS Spot Radius in 毫米Mode : SensitivitiesSampling : 3Nominal Criteria : 0.00090019Test Wavelength : 0.6328Fields: Y Symmetric Angle in degrees# X-Field Y-Field Weight VDX VDY VCX VCY1 0.000E+000 0.000E+000 2.000E+000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0002 0.000E+000 4.172E+000 1.000E+000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0003 0.000E+000 -4.172E+000 1.000E+000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0004 0.000E+000 5.960E+000 1.000E+000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0005 0.000E+000 -5.960E+000 1.000E+000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000Worst offenders:Type Value Criteria ChangeTIRY 7 -0.200000000 0.020355900 0.019455709TIRY 7 0.200000000 0.020355900 0.019455709TSDY 7 -0.200000000 0.017442564 0.016542373TSDY 7 0.200000000 0.017442564 0.016542373TIRX 7 -0.200000000 0.017321649 0.016421459TIRX 7 0.200000000 0.017321649 0.016421459TIRY 9 -0.200000000 0.016494937 0.015594747TIRY 9 0.200000000 0.016494937 0.015594747TIRX 9 -0.200000000 0.015405686 0.014505496TIRX 9 0.200000000 0.015405686 0.014505496Estimated Performance Changes based upon Root-Sum-Square method:Nominal RMS Spot Radius : 0.000900Estimated change : 0.055470Estimated RMS Spot Radius: 0.056370Compensator Statistics:Change in back focus:Minimum : -1.006356 Maximum : 1.112564 Mean : 0.000982 Standard Deviation : 0.183198Monte Carlo Analysis:Number of trials: 20Initial Statistics: Normal DistributionTrial Criteria Change1 0.010973013 0.0100728222 0.055717068 0.0548168783 0.018735173 0.0178349824 0.014194669 0.0132944785 0.037745158 0.0368449676 0.019405575 0.0185053847 0.032397994 0.0314978048 0.007928807 0.0070286179 0.035414796 0.03451460610 0.028473194 0.02757300411 0.016118938 0.01521874812 0.013851098 0.01295090713 0.043797393 0.04289720314 0.018751552 0.01785136215 0.027123362 0.02622317216 0.026825230 0.02592504017 0.028410049 0.02750985818 0.024295827 0.02339563719 0.022359906 0.02145971520 0.024840539 0.023940348Nominal 0.000900191Best 0.007928807 Trial 8 Worst 0.055717068 Trial 2 Mean 0.025367967Std Dev 0.011350176Compensator Statistics:Change in back focus:Minimum : -1.962392Maximum : 1.332779Mean : -0.175784Standard Deviation : 0.90742990% <= 0.03774515850% <= 0.02429582710% <= 0.010973013End of Run.Tolerance Data SummaryRadius and Thickness data are in 毫米.Power and Irregularity are in double pass fringes at 0.6328 祄Only spherical and astigmatism irregularity tolerances are listed in the "SURFACE CENTERED TOLERANCES";Zernike irregularity tolerances are listed under "OTHER TOLERANCES".Surface Total Indicator Runout (TIR) are in 毫米.Index and Abbe tolerances are dimensionlessSurface and Element Decenters are in 毫米.Surface and Element Tilts are in degrees.SURFACE CENTERED TOLERANCES:Surf Radius Tol Min Tol Max Power Irreg Thickness Tol Min Tol Max1 17.412 -0.2 0.2 - 0.2 2.21 -0.2 0.22 44.806 -0.2 0.2 - 0.2 0.54 -0.2 0.23 10.871 -0.2 0.2 - 0.2 5.05 -0.2 0.24 Infinity - - 1 0.2 0.87 -0.2 0.25 6.248 -0.2 0.2 - 0.2 4.05 -0.2 0.26 Infinity - - - - 3.71 -0.2 0.27 -6.576 -0.2 0.2 - 0.2 0.84 -0.2 0.28 Infinity - - 1 0.2 2.78 -0.2 0.29 -8.484 -0.2 0.2 - 0.2 0.54 -0.2 0.210 40.196 -0.2 0.2 - 0.2 2.18 -0.2 0.211-22.428 -0.2 0.2 - 0.2 17.49 - -12Infinity - - - - 0 - -SURFACE DECENTER/TILT TOLERANCES:Surf Decenter X Decenter Y Tilt X Tilt Y TIR X TIR Y1 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.22 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.23 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.24 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.25 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.26 - - - - - -7 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.28 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.29 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.210 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.211 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 0.212 - - - - - - GLASS TOLERANCES:Surf Glass Index Tol Abbe Tol1 SSK4A 0.001 0.551423 N-SK16 0.001 0.603244 F14 0.001 0.382327 F14 0.001 0.382328 N-SK16 0.001 0.6032410 N-SK16 0.001 0.60324ELEMENT TOLERANCES:Ele# Srf1 Srf2 Decenter X Decenter Y Tilt X Tilt Y1 12 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.22 3 5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.23 7 9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.24 10 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2二.简易望远镜的组装1.原理图2零件清单零件清单物镜零件名称数量名称数量物镜 2 物镜推杆 2 物镜座 2 卡环 2 物镜压圈 2 物镜盖 2目镜零件右目镜座 1 左目镜座 1 右目镜内筒 1 左目镜内筒 1 目镜盖 2 场栏 2 隔圈 2 挡圈 2 视度调节圈 1 目镜套 1 目镜 2棱镜零件上棱镜 2 下棱镜 2 棱镜座 2 压盖 2 隔片 2整体零件镜筒 2 滚珠 4 导向杆 2 小拖板 1 大拖板 1 调焦螺钉 1 调焦螺母 1 铰链螺钉 23.装配3.1目镜的组装（1）装配目镜1.将胶合目镜放在下面，凸面朝上，再放隔圈，将单片目镜放在隔圈上，凸面向下，保证凸面对凸面。