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(完整版)省略to的动词不定式用法归纳

省略to的动词不定式用法归纳一、使役动词与to的省略当不定式用于let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语,不定式必须省略to。

如:Let me have another cup of tea.给我再来一杯茶。

She had him dig away the snow.她让他把雪挖走。

They made him tell them everything.他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。

但是,当使役动词用于被动语态时,其后的不定式则必须要带to。

如:他被迫一天工作20小时。

误:He was made work twenty hours a day.正:He was made to work twenty hours a day.注意,表示使役意义的let和have很少用于被动语态。

另外注意,force, oblige等虽然也表示“使”,但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。

如:They forced her to sign the paper.他们强迫她在文件上签字。

The law obliged parents to send their children to school.法律要求父母送子女上学。

考例:1.The teacher forbade ________ our seats. to leave leavingC.to leaveD.to leaving2.Mary had her friend ________ the best one.A.chooseB.chosenC.choseD.to choose3.The girl was ma de _________ she didn’t love at all.A.marry a manB.to marry a manC.to marry with a manD.married with a man二、感觉动词与to的省略当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to等作宾语补足语时,不定式必须省略to。

如:We all felt the house shake.我们都感觉这房子在震动。

I heard him go down the stairs.我听见他下楼了。

Did you notice her leave the house?她离开屋子你注意到了吗?I watched her get into the car.我看着她上了车。

但是,当feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为to be时,则不能省略to。

如:They all felt the plan to be unwise.他们都认为这个计划不明智。

注意,当这些动词变为被动语态时,不定式前的to不能省略。

如:They were heard to break a glass in the next door.听见他们在隔壁打破了一个玻璃杯子。

另外,若用作宾语补足语的不定式为完成式,则通常应带to。

如:I noticed her to have come early.我注意到她来得很早。

考例:She told that she heard someone for help last nightA.to callB. callC.calledD.calling三、在had better、would rather、may/might as well、rather than等搭配之后,动词不定式也不带to。

例如:If you'd rather be alone,we'1l a11 leave here.如果你宁愿独自呆着.那我们都离开这儿。

You might as well go without her.你们还是小带她去为好。

(考例)1.You’d better _________ when you come in.A.not to wake up meB.not to wake me upC.not to wake up meD.not to wake me up2.“How about a drink?”“I’d rather ________ something to eat.”A.haveB.to haveC.hadD.having四、在介词but,except之后,如果其前有动词do的某种形式,其后不定式一般不带to,反之则必须带to,表示“不得不,只能”。

例如:He does nothing but watch TV all day long.他整天除了看电视无所事事、I have no choice but to accept the fact.我别无选择只有接受这个事实。

(考例)Sandy could do nothing but____to his teacher that he was wrong.A.admitB.admittedC..admittingD.tO admit五、以why或why not开头引起的无主语中,动词不定式要省略to。

Why argue with him?为什么要和他争辩呢?Why not tell me aboutit in time?为什么不及时告诉我这个问题?(考例)—I usually go there by train.—Why not___by boat for a change?A.to try goingB. trying to goC. to try and goD. try going六、在主语以what、a11、the only thing等开头的包含行为动词do的句子中,作为主语补足语的不定式常可省略to。

The only thing you can do is wait and see,你唯—可做的只有等待和观望了:All l can do is help you finish the work on time.我能做的所有事情就是帮你按时完成工作。

(考例)At present the best thing you should do is___another job,A.1ook for B.1ooks forC.Iooked forD.1ooking for七、为-了避免重复,由and或or连接两个不定式时,—般可以省略第二个不定式符号to。

例如:工’m really puzzled what to think or say我真不知道该怎么想和怎么说。

We want to swim and climb the hills next Saturday我们下个星期六想游泳、爬山。

(考例)The captain decided to send his car there and____at once,A.pick them upB.pick up themC.picked them upD.picked up them注:如果前后两个不定式在意义上有对比关系时,不定式符号to不能省略。

例如:I came not to scold,but to praise you.我来不是批评你,而是表扬你的。

八、一些含有but的固定搭配短语如can’t help but, can’t choose but, can not but, can but等结构中,后面跟不带to的动词不定式。

例如:It rained hard,so they couldn’t choose but stay at home.雨下得很大,他们只得待在家里。

The old lady could but walk slowly with a stick。

那个老太太人只能拄着拐杖慢慢地朝前走。

(考例)1.I cannot but_______your decision.A.admireB.to admireC.admiredD.admires2.Hearing the inspiring news, we couldn’t help but______.A.cheerB.cheeringC.to cheer D.cheered九、在make believe(假装)、make do(将就),let go (放开)、hear say/tell(听人说起)、let fly(发射)、let fall (掉落)、leave go(放开)等固定搭配中,用不带to 的动词不定式。

例如:The man made believe that he was a policeman,那个人装扮成—个警察。

Have you ever heard tell of such things?你有没有听说过这种事情?Don’t let go of the rope.别放开绳子。

十、在动词help之后可用不带to的不定式,也可用带to的不定式。

例如:Will you help me(to)carry the bag?你能帮我拿这个包吗?CustOoers’crit icisms help(to) improve the service work of our shops。

顾客的批评意见帮助我们的商店改进服务工作。

(考例)She can’t hclp_____ the house because she’s busy making a cake,A.cleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beinng cleaned特殊例解:1.She can’t help _________ the house because she’s busy making a cake.A. to cleanB. cleaningC. cleanedD. being cleaned2.While shopping, people sometimes can not help _________ into buying something they don’t really need.A. to persuadeB. persuadingC. being persuadedD. be persuaded。

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