4.5语法填空跟踪练习2019年宁波中考卷An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The _____51_____(cheap) thing was a basket of red fruit."How much per kilo?" the old man _____52_____( ask)."Two rupees (卢比) ," the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, ___53___ the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began ____54____ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red ____55____ the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and ____56____, screaming: “Ah! Ah! Ah!”And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their_____57_____ (head) and said, "You are crazy? Those are chili peppers (辣椒) ! You can't just eat them by the handful!”The old man said to ____58____ (he), "I paid for them, so I must eat them."This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have _____59_____ (spend) money and time on something一maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job一and sometimes, even if we know there's no hope that things will change, we still continue with it.What we can learn _______60_______ the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something that doesn’t work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.【答案】51. cheapest 52. asked 53. so 54. to burn/ burning 55. as 56. dawn57. heads 58. himself 59. spent 60. from【解析】【分析】一个老人去了印度，买了一些红色的水果。
当他吃了这种“水果”之后，他的嘴唇发烫，眼泪直流，脸也变得很红，原来他买的是辣椒。
当人们都劝他不要再吃的时候，他不听，他觉得自己花钱买的，就要吃掉。
通过讲述这个故事作者告诉我们：如果你在一些不成功的事情上失去了很多，那就让它过去，继续前进，总比继续输更好。
【51题详解】句意：最便宜的东西是一篮子红色的水果。
cheap便宜的，是一个形容词。
根据上句话When he got there,he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap.可知，大多数水果都很便宜，这句话说的是其中最便宜的，故这里应填最高级cheapest。
【52题详解】句意：这个老人问：“多少钱一公斤？”ask问，是一个动词。
根据文意可知，短文讲述的是发生在过去的一个故事，全文以一般过去时为主叙述，故这里应填过去式asked。
【53题详解】句意：两卢比在印度几乎一文不值，因此这个老人买了整整一公斤，开始吃起来。
根据两句话的意思可知，前一句话表示原因，后面这句话是结果，故这里填连词so，意为“因此，所以”。
【54题详解】句意：然而，他一开始吃，他的嘴就开始发烫，他的眼睛也流出了眼泪，他的脸也变得像那个水果一样红。
burn燃烧，发热，是一个动词。
空began的原形是begin，意为“开始”，常用于句型begin to do sth.或者begin doing sth.“开始做某事”，因此这里应填to burn或者burning。
【55题详解】句意：然而，他一开始吃，他的嘴就开始发烫，他的眼睛也流出了眼泪，他的脸也变得像那个水果一样红。
根据句意可知，这里考查的是短语as…as…“和…一样”，故这里填as。
【56题详解】句意：他咳嗽着，挣扎着呼吸，上下跳跃，尖叫这：“啊，啊，啊！”up and down上上下下，是一个固定短语，故这里应填down。
【57题详解】句意：看到他的一些人都摇着头说：“你疯了吗？”head头，是一个名词。
根据句意Some people who were looking at him shook可知，这里指的是“一些人的头”，应该用复数，故填heads。
【58题详解】句意：这个老人自言自语说：“我花钱买的，所以我必须吃掉他们。
”he是人称代词主格形式，意为“他”。
根据句意可知，老人对自己说…，故这里应填反身代词himself。
【59题详解】句意：我们所有人都在某事上花费时间或金钱，或许是一段关系、一个事业或者是一份工作。
spend 花费，是一个动词。
这一段是讲完了故事，给我们总结其中的哲理，应用现在时态。
空前有have，结合句意可知应用现在完成时，故这里填过去分词spent。
【60题详解】句意：从这个老人身上我们学到的东西是：如果你在一些不成功的事情上失去了很多，那就让它过去，继续前进，总比继续输更好。
根据句意可知，这里考查的是固定短语learn from…从…中学到。
故应填from。
【点睛】这是一篇记叙文，通过讲述一个愚蠢的老人的故事，作者讲述一个道理。
题型是语法填空，要求根据文意填写适当的单词，或者用所给单词的适当形式填空。
做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据上下文语境填写适当单词。
给出单词的，应根据单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型，变化单词的适当形式。
例如第5小题，根据句意可知，这里考查的是短语as…as…“和…一样”，表示同级比较，故这里填as。
再如第7小题，head头，是一个名词。
根据句意Some people who were looking at him shook可知，这里指的是“一些人的头”，应该用复数，故填heads。
2019年全国高考二卷第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for 61 （be）Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 64 （declare）she had no plans 65 （retire）from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 （make）over the years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 （say）she was short-listed，we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70 (wonder）.”【答案】61. being【解析】考查动名词的用法，介词for后面用动名词形式62. which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句，先行词是the pet shop,指代物，所以只能用which63. finally【解析】考查副词修饰谓语动词64. declared【解析】考查谓语动词的时态，根据语境得知用一般过去时态65. to retire【解析】考查动词不定式作状语，表示目的。