最新外研版2019年八年级英语上册知识点归纳Module 1 How to learn English重点短语:1.practise doing sth. 练习做某事study plan学习计划2. a number of +可数名词复数+V（复数）：许多、很多the number of+可数名词复数+V（单数）：……的数量3.advice建议paper纸（都是不可数名词）a piece of advice一条建议 a piece of paper 一张纸three pieces of paper 三张纸give sb. some advice给某人一些建议advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人去做某事4.write it / them down把它（它们）写下来5.What else? 还有什么其它的？6.It is adj.(形容词)+for sb. ）to do sth.（对某人来说）做某事怎么样It is difficult for old people to learn English well.对于老年人来说学习英语很难.It is adj. (形容词)+ (of sb.) to do sth.某人做某事某人怎么样It is very kind of you to help me. 你能帮我你真好.（以上动词不定式短语在句中作真正，It 是形式主语）7.It is a good idea\way to do sth.做某事时个好主意（好方法）.8.this term这学期last term上学期next term下学期9.help sb. （to）do sth. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事10.ask for advice征求意见basic questions基本问题11.人（作主语）+spend on sth.人（作主语）+spend (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事物（作主语）+cost (花某人多少钱)It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花某人多少时间去做某事人（作主语）+pay for（付钱、花钱）12.the meaning of……的意思try to do sth. 尝试做某事13.talk\speak to sb.与某人谈话write to sb. 写信给某人14.start a conversation开始一段谈话15.talk about sth. with sb.跟某人谈论某事16.as much\many as possible尽可能多地Let’s speak English as much as possible.Let’s find out what else we can do to save as many animals as possible.=Let’s find out what else we can do to save animals as many as possible.much 修饰不可数名词many 修饰可数名词17.make mistakes \make a mistake 犯错误18.listen to the radio听收音机19.a way to do sth\ (good )ways to do sth.做某事的（好）方法20.several times 几次What’s happening? 发生什么事？21.something new\old\interesting 新\旧\有趣的东西\事情形容词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词后面.22.one or two days 一两天four or five words 四五个单词25. 表示建议的句子：①What about doing=How about doing…?做……怎么样？②Why not do=Why don’t you do..?为什么不做……？③Try (not) to do sth.试着做（不做）某事④should do 应该做…..⑤It’s a good idea to do sth. 做…..是个好主意⑥Would you like to do sth.？你想要做……？⑦Let sb.do sth. 让某人做某事⑧Remember to do sth.=Don’t forget to do sth.记得（别忘了）去做某事⑨Y ou’d better do sth. 你最好做某事重点句子:1. 欢迎大家回来！2. We should always speak English in class.我们应该在课堂上一直讲英语.3. Let’s try to speak English as much as possible. 让我们尽可能多地说英语.4. We are going to talk about good ways to learn English.我们将谈论一些学英语的好方法.5. Why not write down our mistakes in our notebook?为什么不在笔记本上把错误写下来？6. It’s a good idea to spell and pronounce new wo rds aloud every day. 每天拼写和大声读出新单词是个好主意.7.How/What about listening to the radio?听收音机怎么样？8.Watching films and listening to songs are great ways to learn English. 看电影和听歌是学英语的好方法.9.I also advise you to talk about the films or songs with your friends. 我也建议你跟你的朋友谈论电影和歌曲10.I am shy and I am afraid to speak to her.我害羞而且我害怕与她交谈.11.It’s natural to forget new words!忘记新单词是合乎情理的.12. I suggest you write four or five words a day on pieces of paper. 我建议你每天在纸上写下四五个单词.13. 当million，billion，thousand，hundred等前有具体数词修饰时，他们不用加s，不加of.若表示不具体数目时则加s，加of.three hundred 三百hundreds of 数以百计的如果前面是several时，要么加s加of，要么不加s不加of.Several millions of years ago=several million years agoModule 2 My home town and my country.重点短语:1.travel around the world环球旅行one day总有一天2.stay with sb.跟某人呆在一起3.put on \take off穿上\脱下land \take off着陆\起飞4.the price of ……的价钱5. What do you think of…?How do you like…?你认为……怎么样？6.fly to somewhere.飞到某地7.because+句子I was late this morning because I got up late. 今天早上我迟到了是因为我起迟了.because of +n./名词短语8.more than=over 超过sell out卖光9.e实现pretty good相当好，非常好10.on the coast 在沿海most days 大部分时间11.a\the population of ……的人口lions of 数以百万的具体数字+million13.as adj.\adv.(原级) as 和…..一样14.be famous for 以……著名\闻名be famous as 作为……出名\著名15. in fact 事实上bigger and busier 更大更繁华16. some day 某一天such as 比如17. much wider 宽阔得多many other cities 许多其他城市18. a beautiful city 一个美丽的城市19. bring sth. with sb. 某人随身携带某物20. show respect to sb. 向某人表示尊敬21.in the east\south\west\north of 在….东\南\西\北（面）22.单音节和少数双音节形容词或副词的比较级构成方法及比较级构成句型：课本P123重点句子:1. It’s taller than many other buildings.它比其他许多建筑物高.2.----How was your weekend? 你的周末怎么样？-----Pretty good! 相当好！3. It’s getting bigger and busier.它变得更大更繁华.4. It’s on the coast near Hong Kong. 在靠近香港海岸线上.5. Some day ，as busy as Hong Kong.有一天，它会变得跟香港一样繁华.1)as + 形容词/副词+ as 和……一样2)not as + 形容词/副词+ as 不像……6. What’s the population of Shenzhen?深圳的人口是多少？The population of Shenzhen is larger than that of many other cities in China.深圳的人口要比中国其他城市的人口要大得多.Population 是一个集合名词，常与定冠词the连用，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数.例如：The world’s population is increasing faster and faster.have a population of …表示“有……人口”.指人口的多少用large或small.7. My home town is especially(尤其) famous for it’s university.我的家乡尤其以它的大学而著名.8. Millions of tourists visit it every year to show respect to President Lincoln.每年数以百万的旅游者来参观它是对林肯总统表示尊敬.9. There are lots of old buildings and churches to visit.可以参观许多古老的建筑物和教堂.10. The population of India is smaller than that of China but larger than that ofRussia.印度的人口比中国少但比俄罗斯多.Module 3 Sports重点短语:1.just now刚才（用于一般过去时）grow up长大2.show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth. 向某人展示某物3.be called/named被叫做…4.also用于句中too 用于句末，但有逗号as well用于句末，但没有逗号5.play tennis 打网球look tired 看上去很累6.on TV 在电视上\通过电视7.a minute ago 一分钟前several minutes ago 几分钟前8.as early as we can 尽可能早beat sb. 打败某人9. not …at all 根本，一点也不10. stay at home 呆在家enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事11. bad luck 运气不佳never mind 别介意12. go to the stadium 去体育馆13. plenty of +可数名词复数/+不可数名词= a lot of\ lots of 许多、大量many +可数名词复数much +不可数名词14. play against 与…..对打\对抗15. train hard 努力训练train harder 更加努力训练train more carefully 更加认真训练listen to me carefully 仔细认真地听我讲do\play well\badly\worse 做\弹\打得好坏更糟do better\play better 做弹打得更好do\play the best 做\得弹得最好副词可用于修饰动词，常放在动词后面.16.warm up 热身（活动\运动）keep fit 保持健康17. be late for 迟到something exciting 令人兴奋的事18. be pleased with sb.\sth.对某人\某事感到满意\高兴19. in the final match 在决赛中20. have a good\better chance of doing sth.很有\更有可能\机会做某事21. cheer sb. on 为某人喝彩\欢呼so that以至于22. feel (more) confident to do sth.做某事觉得（更）有信心23. all the same 仍然、还是be ready for 准备好24.the +比较级，the + 比较级越…..越…..The more you go jogging，the healthier you will feel.你慢跑越多，你会觉得越健康.比较级+比较级越来越…..The water in the pool is getting less and less.池子里的水变得越来越少.I wish you more and more beautiful.我祝愿你越来越漂亮.25. 多音节和少部分双音节形容词和副词的比较级的构成方法及副词的基本用法：课本P123-125重点句子:1. ——What’s the score? 比分是多少？——Spain scored a minute ago. 西班牙刚进一球.2. So this week’s match is already more exciting.那么这周的比赛已经更加令人兴奋了.3. What’s the matter with you? 你怎么了？4. Watching is not dangerous and it’s more relaxing too!观看(球赛)不危险而且更加令人放松.5. Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis.没有什么比打网球更令人愉快的了.6. We all arrive as early as we can so that we have time to warm up. 我们都尽早到达以便能有时间热身.7. We are training harder than usual because the other team beat us last year. 我们比平时训练更努力，因为去年另一个队打败了我们.8. It’s more difficult to practise in winter.在冬天训练更加困难.9. That means we have a better chance of winning.那意味着我们赢的机会更大.10. They cheer us on loudly and we feel more confident to win the game. 他们大声为我们喝彩，而我们也更有信心赢得比赛.11. Table tennis is more exciting than tennis.乒乓球比网球更令人兴奋.12.They practise more carefully this week than last week. 他们这周比上周练习得更加仔细.13.The teacher speaks slowly and carefully.老师讲得又慢又仔细.14.Tom did his homework carelessly. 汤姆做作业很粗心.15. ---Bad buck! 运气不佳！--- Never mind. 没关系.Module 4 Planes，ships and trains重点短语:1.get on well with sb.与某人相处融洽2.learn a foreign language 学习一门外语3.in fact事实上an accident 一次事故4. how often多久一次（用频度副词来回答）how soon多久以后（用in+一段时间提问，一般是一般将来时）how far多远（提问路程多远）how long多久、多长5. take part in 参加 a road accident 道路交通事故6. an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁大的男孩7.have to do sth.不得不去做某事has to do sth. / had to do sth.8.because of由于+ 名词（短语）、代词because +句子9.get here\there\home 到达这里\那里\家10.luck(n.)→lucky(adj.)→luckily(adv.)11.care(n.)→careful(adj.)→carefully(adv.)12.take the\a bus =by bus 乘公共汽车take a taxi= by taxi 乘出租车take a plane = by plane\air 乘飞机take a train =by train 乘火车ride a bike =by bike 坐自行车walk to = go to …on foot走路/步行He usually takes a bus to school.= He goes to school by bus.13.close to 靠近、接近book the ticket 订票14.far (away) from 远离、离…..远15.much \heavy traffic 交通拥堵、拥挤16.except sb. 除了某人as much as 与……一样多17.the same as 与…..一样be different from 与…..不同18.all the time 一只，总是have a nice trip 旅途愉快19.most of …… ……的大部分wait for 等候20.It takes\took sb. some time\money to do sth.花费某人多长时间\多少钱去做某事.21.the second cheapest\longest 第二便宜\长22.反意疑问句：前肯后否、前否后肯，反意疑问句必须换成主语的代词，谓语动词在时态和人称上要保持一致.表示否定意义的词：never/hardly/few/little/nothing/ /no①there be→be there? (be 有不同)②You’d better→hadn’t you?③Let’s→shall we?④Let us→will you?⑤祈使句→will you?⑥一般现在时→do/does +主语?⑦现在进行时→am/is/are +主语?⑧一般过去时→did +主语?⑨过去进行时→was/were+ 主语?⑩情态动词→情态动词+主语?若句子里含有否定的意义，那么yes翻译成“不”，no翻译成“是”.重点句子：１．He lives the farthest from school. 他住得离学校最远.２．What happened? 怎么了？３．There was a road accident，and the traffic was very heavy. 路上发生了事故，交通很拥堵.4.But nobody was late，except me. 但除了我没有人迟到.5.It’t’s also the most expensive. 这是最舒适的方式，但它也是最昂贵的.6.How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel? 旅途花多长时间，最好的出行方式是什么？7.The more information ，the better. 信息越多越好.8.A journey by train is more relaxing than by coach，but a lot more expensive. 乘火车旅行比长途汽车更令人放松，但也贵得多.9.Book your ticket before you book your hotel. 在订房间之前先订票.10.It’s better to go to Shanghai first. 最好先去上海.11.Thanks for your help. 感谢你的帮忙.12.Have a nice trip! 祝你旅途快乐！Module 5 Lao She Teahouse重点短语:1.send/give sb. sth.=send sth. to sb. 发送/给某人某物2.every/each（每个）+V单数3.tired累的（人）tiring累的（物、事）4.think of认为think about考虑5.take sth. out of 拿出take away拿走带走take off飞机起飞、脱衣服6.get up起床make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事7.on one’s way to …在某人去……的路上8.in the end = at last=finnally 最后、最终9.take sb. to sw. 到某人到某地10.No idea. =I have no idea. = I don’t know.不知道11. one of + 可数名词复数…...之一one of + 最高级+可数名词复数最….之一13.in the nineteenth\twentieth century 在十九\二十世纪14.after finishing school 毕业后15.be named\called 被称为……16.magic show魔术表演17.traditional music\food\festival 传统音乐\食物\节日18.give a warm wel 热烈欢迎（某人）19.all over the world 全世界20.happen= take place 发生return to 回到21.Who is it by? 由…..创作？at a college 在大学22.offer to do sth.主动提出去做某事23.agree to do sth.同意去做某事agree with sb.同意某人24.plan 计划/decide 决定/hope希望/want想要/agree同意/offer建议/try尝试/wish/希望/begin开始/need需要/forget忘记+ to do sth.(动词不定式短语作宾语)24. be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴做某事25. buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物重点句子：1. I want to see the Beijing Opera. 我想去看京剧.2. So Lingling offered to take me there.因此玲玲主动提出带我去那儿.3. It was difficult to understand the words. 理解台词很困难.4. It describes the changes in Chinese society.它描述了中国社会的变迁.5. I hope to understand more next time.我希望下次能够理解更多.6. Teahouse is one of Lao She’s most famous plays.《茶馆》是老舍最著名的话剧之一.7. everyone from all over the world.老舍茶馆热烈欢迎来自世界各地的人们.8. He was named “the People’s Artist”.他被誉为“人民艺术家”.9. ---Did you enjoy it? 你喜欢它（京剧）吗？---Well，it was interesting. That’s the main thing.嗯，它（京剧）很有趣，那是重要的事.10. ---Who is Lao She? 谁是老舍？---No idea. = I don’t know. 我不知道.Module 6 Animals in danger重点短语:1.get close to 接近\靠近2.be interested to do sth. 感兴趣去做某事对某事\做某事感兴趣interested形容人interesting形容物或者事excited \ bored\relaxed\surprised形容人exciting\boring\relaxing\surprising 形容物或者事3.in danger 处于危险中\濒临灭绝4.take away =take care of 夺去、带走、拿走5.look after 照顾、照管、看管、照料6.find out 找出、查明7.protect the animals 保护动物8.in the wild 在野外9.lose their home 失去家园10.do a lot of research 做大量研究11.in order to +do sth. 为了做某事12.set up natures parks 设立自然公园13.develop plans 制定计划14.go back to =return to 回归、回到15.work hard 努力工作\学习16.be worried about =worry about 担心17.a symbol of … 的象征\标志18.raise money 集资，筹款19.have a safe place to live 有安全住处20.in peace和平的21.be sure of/about sth. 对某事有把握、确信be sure to do sth. 确信去做某事22.hear of sth. 听说23.the capital of …..的首都24.what’s your favourite…你最喜欢的……是什么？25.a fan of …的粉丝26.I don’t believe it!我不相信它！27.not only…..but also…..不但……而且……28.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事29.stop sb.（from）doing sth. 阻止某人做某事30.ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人（不）做某事重点句子：1. I am more interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve. 我对看卧龙保护区的熊猫更加感兴趣.2. Because it allow people to get closer to them.因为它允许人们更加接近它们.3. It’s sad to th ink of the pandas and other animals in danger. 想起熊猫和其他频危动物就令我伤心.4. Many wild animals don’t have a safe place to live.许多野生动物没有安全的栖身之所.5. I think we need to help animals live in peace.我想我们需要帮助动物们和平地生活.6. Let’s find out what else we can do to save as many animals as possible. 让我们找找我们还能为保护尽可能多的动物做些什么别的事？7. The WWF is working hard to save them.世界自然基金会正努力挽救所有动物.8. There are only about 1，600 pandas living in the wild today.今天只剩下大约1，600只熊猫生活在野外.9. Each panda needs to eat a lot of bamboo every day.每天每只熊猫要吃掉许多竹子.10. The zoo asks us not to feed the animals.动物园要求我们不能投喂动物.11.We should work hard to stop people killing tigers.我们应该努力阻止人们杀戮老虎.12.We need to protect them better.我们需要更好地保护它们.Module 7 A famous story重点短语:1.a girl called Alice 一个名字叫做爱丽丝的女孩2.by the river在河边be late晚的、迟的3.in a tree人或外来物在树上on a tree 水果在树上on the grass在草地上with a watch 带着一块手表4.smile at sb.朝某人微笑fall down=go down摔落5.have nothing to do无事可做run by/ past 跑过6.have a tea party 开茶会once or twice 一两次7.see\hear sb. do sth. 看见、听见某人做某事8.think about 考虑、思考too…to 太……而不能9.take out of 从…..拿出what for=why10.run after 追赶、追逐one day 有一天11.smell/look/taste/feel/sound/turn/get(变得）如12.What’s the matter with you?你怎么了？=What’s wrong with you?13.be afraid+句子be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事be afraid of doing sth.14.try to do sth. try one’s best to do sth.尽力去做某事15.hear from=get a letter from=receive a letter from收到某人来信16.thanks for sth. 感谢某人smile at everyone 对每个人微笑17.can’t wait to do sth.等不及去做某事18.wear glasses戴眼镜at first首先19.arrive at+小地点arrive in +大地点reach sw. get to sw. 到达某地20.sound like听起来像the captain of……的队长21.work hard努力工作get/be angry with sb.be angry at/about sth. 对某人生气22.a bit=a little有点儿23.表示过去进行时的时间短语有：At that time/at that moment/at this time yesterday/a t…o’clock yesterday/from…to…last night主语+was/were+doing 表示过去某个时刻正在做某事过去进行时课本P128-129重点句子：1. What’s the book about? 这本书是关于什么的？2. It’s about a girl called Alice.它是关于一个叫作爱丽丝的女孩的故事.3. Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and she saw a white rabbit with a watch. 爱丽丝正和她姐姐坐在河边，这时她看到一只带着手表的白兔.4. Alice followed it and fell down a hole in the ground.爱丽丝跟着它，然后掉进地上的一个洞里.5.It was sitting in a tree and smiling at everyone.它坐在一棵树上并对每个人微笑.6.They were having a tea party in the garden.他们正在花园里开茶会.7.She was playing a strange game. 她在玩一个怪异的游戏.8.Alice had nothing to do. 爱丽丝无事可做.9.Once or twice she looked into her sister’s book.偶尔她看一下姐姐的书.10.There was nothing strange about that.关于那个没有什么奇怪的.11.Alice got up and ran across the field after it.爱丽丝站起来后跟着它跑过田野.12.She found that she was falling down a very，very deep hole. 她发现她掉进一个很深很深的洞里.13.It was too dark for her to see anything.太黑了，她看不见任何东西.Module 8 Accidents重点短语:1.round the corner 在拐角处change to red 变成红色2.fall off 从…..摔下来behind the fridge 在冰箱后3.in time 及时on time 按时、准时4.the risk of …..的危险、风险take the risk of 冒…..的危险5.pay attention 注意、专心pay attention to +sth.\doing sth.6.side by side= shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地，并排地7.a few days earlier 几天前=several\some days earlier=a few\several\some days ago8.pick up 捡起，拾起in great pain 剧痛中9.take a photo \take photos 照相take a photo of … 给…..照相10.as soon as 一……就on the road 在路上11.the next day 第二天send… to … 送……到……12.as you know 正如你所知道的13.show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看（展示）某物14.the map of…..的地图hurt badly 伤得很严重15.over there在那儿get worse 变得严重/糟糕16.do some shopping=go shopping17.o… 欢迎到、来….. a clear day晴朗的一天18.get off下车get on上车as usual 象往常一样19.happen to do sth. 恰巧做某事climb out 爬出重点句子：1. While the lights were changing to red，a car suddenly appeared. 当交通灯正要变红时，一辆小车突然出现.2. I was waiting to cross the road. 我正等待过马路.3. And the driver was talking on his mobile phone.司机正用他的手机打电话.4. So when you’re on your bike，think about the risk of an accident! 所以当你骑自行车时，考虑事故发生的危险.5. Don’t ride side by side with your friends.不要和你的朋友并排骑车.6. As he was lying there in great pain. 他躺在那里，疼得厉害.7. The car stopped just in time，but the boy fell off his bike….. 汽车及时停了下来，但是男孩从自行车上摔了下来……8. Pay attention，stop at the red lights and ……what else?注意，红灯处要停下来……还有什么？9. I was trying to pick it up when it bit me again.我正试图捡起它（那条蛇），突然它（蛇）又咬了我一口.10. I threw it across the kitchen，and it landed on a table.我把它（蛇）扔向厨房的另一面，它（蛇）掉落在桌子上.11.--You look pale. Are you all right?你看起来脸色苍白，你好吗？---I’m OK. But I saw an accident.我很好，但是我看见了一次事故.12. I was walking along the street when the accident happened. 当事故发生时，我正在街上走.Module 9 Population重点短语:1. prepare for =get ready for 为…..做准备2. too much + 不可数名词太多的too many + 可数名词复数much too+adj. 太...much too heavy=too heavy 太重3. growing population= increasing population正在增长的人口4. one fifth of 五分之一two fifths of 五分之二5. hang on a minute=wait a minute=wait a moment等一下6. It is clear that +句子很清楚、很明显7. an eight-year-old girl 一个8岁大的女孩8. danger (n.) in danger处于危险中Dangerous危险的(adj.) safe安全的9. be excited to do sth.兴奋去做某事10. make \let\have sb. do sth. 使、让某人做某事make sb. adj.11. have no place to live in没有地方可住12. look for寻找（过程）find找到（结果）find out查清（通过研究找出结果）13. be surprised\interested\excited to do sth.14. 惊奇的\有兴趣的兴奋的去做某事15. less and less 越来越少+不可数名词fewer and fewer越来越少+可数名词more and more越来越多+可数、不可数名词16. make a plan定一个计划。