M6U3 Understanding each otherPeriod ⅠLearning notes for Welcome to the unit & Reading 【Learning goals】1. Learning some new words: difference; suppose; congratulate; permit; familiar; adjust;accustomed2. Learning some new expressions: take off; take up3. Learning some sentence patterns: Why don’t you…?; 虚拟语气；动名词作主语；have trouble(in) doing sth.【Language focus】词汇-1.difference n.【教材原句】Can you tell me about some cultural differences you have found?(P34)【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意difference的意义和搭配(1)I can never tell the difference between the twins.(2)The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.(3)Your age should make no difference to whether you get the job or not.(4)Changing jobs made a big difference to my life.【自主归纳】词性变化difference(n.) adj. 不同的，有区别的；有差异的v. 不同于熟记下列词组：make no difference (to sb./sth.) 对某人/某事不重要、不要紧make some difference (to sb./sth) 对某人/某事有些作用或影响tell the difference between A and B说出A和B的不同之处A differ from B=A andB differ from each other=A be different from BA不同于B/ A与B不同完成下列句子（一句多译）：在这方面法语和英语不同。
in this aspect.【即时巩固】(1)It won’t make much ________ whether you agree or not.A. difficultyB. troubleC. differenceD. matter(2)The two birds ______ each other in shape and color. So I can’t tell the ________betweenthemA. are different from; differentB. differ from ; differentC. different from ; differenceD. differ from ;difference(3)Chinese English greatly not only in pronunciation but also in spelling.A. differing fromB. different fromC. differs fromD. is differ from词汇-2. suppose v.【教材原句】Roosters are supposed to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony, and hens are thought to ensure good luck for the marriage.(P34)【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意suppose的意义和搭配(1)The game was not as one-sided as we had supposed.(2)We have no reason to suppose that he has done anything illegal.(3)You are supposed to make a copy of the contract before you mail it.(4)The restaurant is generally supposed to make excellent dishes.(5)I don’t suppose you know her telephone number.(6)—I think their new building is really impressive.—Well, I suppose so.(7)Suppose the little girl to be your daughter, what would you do?(8)Suppose/Supposing (that)you won the lottery, what would you do ?【自主归纳】句型转换（suppose的重点用法）(1) All of his friends will suppose her to be his wife.All of his friends she is his wife.(2)If you had one million dollars, what would you do ?one million dollars, what would you do?(3) Roosters are thought to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremonyRoosters drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony.(4)We should have helped each other.We help each other.【即时巩固】(1)The meeting take place on Tuesday, but we had to postpone it.A. supposed toB. mustC. was supposed toD. was supposing to(2)—Will she join us in the competition tomorrow?—No, .A. I think soB. I don’t hope soC.Believe it or notD. I suppose not词汇-3. congratulate v.【教材原句】During the ceremony, the hen laid an egg, and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very lucky.(P34)【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意congratulate的搭配(1)I congratulate you on your great discovery.(2)I want to congratulate you with all my heart.(3)He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.【自主归纳】辨析congratulate与celebratecongratulate表示“向某人表示祝贺，向某人道喜”，其宾语是sb.，可构成短语congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.。
其名词congratulation（常用复数形式）可构成短语congratulations to sb. on sth./doing…；celebrate表示“庆祝”时，宾语是sth.。
其名词celebration可构成短语in celebration of …意为“（为了）庆祝……”。
用上述两词填空（注意形式的变化）(1)Last week we held a party to our success.(2)We him on having passed the exam.(3)The party was in of Mother’s silver wedding.(4) to you on entering Beijing university.【即时巩固】(1)Famous physicists from all over the world came to the US to ___________the centennial ofEinstein's birth.A. observeB. congratulateC. celebrateD. keep(2)When the Chinese team won the match, many football fans organized different activities_____ the success.A. to congratulateB. celebratedC. to express congratulationsD. in celebration of词汇-4. permit v. & n.【教材原句】Another difference is that while we serve food, soft drinks, tea and coffee, alcohol is not permitted at the wedding reception—in fact, alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.(P34) 【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意permit的词性（形）变化、意义和搭配(1)The policeman permitted him to park there.(2)He doesn’t permit smoking in his room.(3)If time permits, I will go to meet you.(4)Time permitting, I will go to meet you.(5)You can’t hunt for animals without a hunting permit.(6)He entered the office without permission.【自主归纳】译出下列词组允许某人做某事（某人）被允许做某事允许做某事被允许做某事【即时巩固】(1)Weather , we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.A. promisingB. permitsC. allowedD. permitting(2)What did the librarian _____ out of the library?A. permit to takeB. forbid to be takenC. allow to takeD. insist being taken(3)I don’t allow ______ in my office and I don’t allow my family ______ at all.A. to smoke; smokingB. smoking; to smokeC. to smoke; to smokeD. smoking; smoking(4)Passengers are permitted _____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried词汇-5. familiar adj.【教材原句】For example, I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night, but my American friends are not familiar with that particular festival.(P35)【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意familiar的意义和搭配(1)Are you familiar with these details?(2)His voice on the phone sounded familiar to me.(3)He’s familiar with me so he often greets me by my first names in a familiar way.【自主归纳】选用下列词组填空(be) familiar with对……熟悉（指前者对后者的熟悉）(be) familiar to为……所熟悉（指后者对前者的熟悉）(be/become) popular with/among受……欢迎的(be) particular about对……讲究/挑剔(1)The nurse little children.(2)His name us.(3)We his name.(4)Chinese food is Americans.(5)She is fond of dressing up herself so she her clothes.(6)Upon arriving there, he was astonished to find every place him.【即时巩固】(1)The only one in our office that is_____ the new system is Jimmy, in whose absence, we had nochoice but to wait.A. familiar toB. popular withC. popular toD. familiar with(2)Everyone can sing this song. It means this song is________ people.A. familiar withB. popular withC. popular forD. familiar for(3)She has already tried her best. Please don’t be to __________ about her job.A. popularB. responsibleC. familiarD. particular词汇-6. adjust vi.& vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节【教材原句】It's quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.(P35)【例句研读】翻译句子（1）He wants to do well in his studies and adjust to the new culture.______________________________________________________（2）These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child.______________________________________________________（3）If fate does not adjust itself to you, you should make an adjustment to fate._____________________________________________________【自主归纳】翻译下列短语【教材原句】Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it. （P35）【例句研读】翻译句子（1）Most developed nations have become dependent on digital technology simply because they've grown accustomed to it.__________________________________________________________________（2）No one wishes to deal with a person who is accustomed to breaking his word.__________________________________________________________________（3）It shouldn't take long to accustom your students to working in groups.__________________________________________________________________【自主归纳】翻译下列短语词汇-8. take off和take up【教材原句】(1)Another thing is, if you came to Brunei ,you would have to take off our shoes before going into someone’s house.(P35)(2)I have no idea what he will do with them all and it took up a lot of time. (P42) 【例句研读】译出划线部分，注意take off在句中的意义(1)He took off his clothes and got into the bath.(2)The plane takes off at 8:30 a.m.(3) Her singing career has just begun to take off.(4)He took two weeks off in August.【例句研读】译出划线部分，注意take up在句中的意义(1)He took up smoking when he was at school.(2)Alfred has just taken up playing the guitar.(3)Taking outdoor exercise will take up too much of your time.(4)These boxes of yours are taking up too much space.(5)No one took up my suggestion.(6)Mrs. Pankhurst took up the cause of women’s rights.(7)They took up arms and fought for their faith and freedom.【自主归纳】根据汉语用take所构成的词组填空（注意动词形式的变化）(1)Who was it that my English-Chinese dictionary?是谁拿走了我的英汉词典？(2)The club a new member last week.俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。