高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit1-2【短语归类】【考点1】含difference 的短语①make a / no / some, etc. difference (to sb / sth) (对某人／某事物有／没有／有些关系(影响)②make a difference between 区别对待③make some difference to 对……有些(没有)关系④have a difference in character 在性格上有差别[例句] It makes no difference t0 me which side may loseor win. 谁输准赢对我没有什么关系。
She makes a difference between her family and herwork. 她对工作和家庭是有区别的。
【考例1】I'm afraid to tell you that the medicine will____ no difference to your illness。
so stop taking it.A. takeB. makeC. getD. do[考查目标] 此题主要考查difference 的动词搭配问题。
[答案与解析]B make a difference 是固定搭配。
此时不可用其他动词。
13. draw (one's) attention to sth. 对……表示注意……The manager drew my attention to an error in myreport.经理要我注意报告中的一个错误。
[拓展] pay attention to 注意call one's attention to sth. 叫某人注意某事turn attention to sth．转移注意力到……【考点2】与fire 有关的短语①be on fire 在燃烧②set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧③catch fire 着火④make a fire 生火⑤light a fire 点火⑥put out a fire 灭火⑦play with fire 玩火；冒险⑧be on fire for 因……而激动；充满激情⑨be full of fire 充满激情⑩under fire 受到攻击[例句] The students are on fire for what they're learning in the computer class. 学生对电脑课的学习内容充满激情。
The boy is full of fire. 这孩子充满热情。
The grass caught fire．and the grass was on fire for ashort time. 草燃着了，草烧了一会儿。
He who plays with fire gets burned. 玩火者必自焚(谚语)。
▲辨析: be on fire 表示状态。
而catch fire 则表示动作-其完成时不可和段时间状语连用。
【考例2】(2004 全国卷II) The forest guards often findcampfires that have not been ____ completely.A. turned downB. put outC. put awayD. turned over[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语辨义。
[答案与解析]B turn down是“调低。
拒绝”的意思；put out是“熄灭，生产，伸出”的意思；put away是“收拾”的意思；turn over是“翻过来”的意思。
14. look up to 尊敬；钦佩He has always looked up to his father. In his eyes he isperfect.他一直尊敬他父亲。
在他的眼中，他是完美的。
[拓展] look down on / upon sb. 轻视、瞧不起某人【考点5】后有to 的动词短语①lead to 通向；导致②look up to 尊敬③stick to 坚持④get used to 习惯于⑤look forward to 渴望；盼望⑥get down to 认真做某事⑦see to 注意；着手办理⑧pay attention to 注意⑨devote...to 致力于；投身于⑩belong to 属于⑨attend to 照顾；照料⑩object to 反对⑩be opposed to 反对⑩refer to 提到；参阅⑩contribute to 对……有贡献⑩come to 谈到；涉及⑥adjust to 适合于[例句] The bridge leads to the island. 这座桥通向那个岛。
So many spelling mistakes in the article led to great difficulty in reading. 该篇文章拼写错误太多，令人看起来非常费劲。
He's such a devoted teacher that we all look up to him.他是一个有奉献精神的老师，我们都尊敬他。
He has never felt looked up to. 他从没有觉得有人尊敬他。
The day they had been looking forward to came at last.他们渴望的那一天终于到来。
The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to get down to our studies. 期末考试就要来了。
是我们认真学习的时候了。
This machine is out of order; get a mechanic to see to it. 这台机器坏了；找个技工来检修一下。
▲友情提示：以上短语中的to是介词．后接名词或动名词。
【考例5】(2004湖北)Once a decision has been made, allof us should ____ it.A. direct toB. stick toC. lead toD. refer to[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语辨析。
[答案与解析] B direct本身是及物动词。
后不需to。
refer to的意思是“涉及，参阅．指的是”。
【考点3】与turn有关的短语①turn out 生产；结果是②turn down 关小(灯光、音量等)；拒绝③turn to 转向；求助于④turn up 开大(灯光、音量等)；出现，露面⑤turn on / off 打开／关上⑥turn aside 闪开；放在一边⑦turn over (使)翻转；把某人交给(警方等)⑧turn in 上缴；移交⑨turn against 背叛⑩turn away (from) 转过脸不看⑩turn round 转过去[例句]She turned out six full-length novels in her life.她一生写了6部长篇小说。
The beggar turned out (to be) a thief. 那个乞丐原来是个贼。
That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little?收音机声音太大，你能开小一点吗?Many boys expressed their love to Mary, but sheturned them all down. 许多男孩向玛丽表达爱慕之意，但都被她拒绝了。
After he left the university he became a teacher, but later he turned to translation. 他大学毕业后当了教师，但后来转而从事翻译工作。
We often turn to this handbook for information. 我们经常查阅这本手册寻找资料。
He promised to come, but hasn't turned up yet. 他答应来，但尚未到。
When he felt tired, he turned aside (from) his books to listen to the radio. 感到疲劳时，他就把书放在一边去听收音机。
▲友情提示：要准确记住不同的搭配，尤其是一个短语有多个意思的。
【考例3】(2004浙江) We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn't quite ____ as planned.A. make outB. turn outC. go onD. come up[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语的辨义。
[答案与解析]B make out有“弄清楚。
明白”的惠思；turn out 的意思是“结果是．证明是”；go on 的意思是“继续”!come up 的意思是“过来，走来”。
题意是：我们原来想在天黑前到家，但结果并不像预计的那样。
【考点4】what 短语①what if 如果……将会怎样?②what for 为了什么，干什么用③what about... ……怎么样?[例句] What if she finds out you've lost her book? 如果她发现你弄丢了她的书将会是怎样呢? What did you do that for? 你干吗做那件事?What about having a rest? 休息一会儿怎么样?【考例4】(2004全国卷I)-- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?-- ____?A. What forB. What is itC. How is itD. How come[考查目标] 此题主要考查交际用语。
[答案与解析] A 根据语境。
答语中问的是目的。
该句其实是个省略句，补全后的完整句子是：I go and empty that drawer for what。
what提前构成疑问句就成了what for 或for what。
☆词语比较☆1. observe, watch当“观察”来讲时，observe相当于watch carefully，尤其用于实验或研究等场合。