英语构词法讲解及专项练习在英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。
一、两个或更多的词合成一个词。
方式：1. 直接写在一起。
2. 用连字符(-)连接。
3. 由两个分开的词构成。
(1) 合成形容词方式例词1形容词＋形容词red-hot2形容词＋名词first-class, full-time, part-time3形容词＋现在分词good-looking, free-thinking,4形容词＋过去分词ready-made5形容词＋名词-ed good-tempered, middle-aged, cold-blooded6名词＋名词-ed iron-willed7名词＋形容词world-famous, day-long8名词＋现在分词beauty-loving, freedom-loving, job-hunting,9名词＋过去分词man-made, water-covered,10副词＋形容词ever-green11副词＋现在分词hard-working, far-seeing12副词＋过去分词well-prepared, quickly-cured, well-known13数词＋名词five-year14数词＋名词+形容词five-year-old15数词＋名词-ed four-legged, six-storied(2)合成动词构成方式例词1名词＋动词day-dream2副词＋动词3形容词＋动词white-wash(3)合成名词构成方式例词1名词＋名词horseback , bank-note, newspaper, cellphone,2形容词＋名词back-yard, forehead,3动名词＋名词hiding place, reading-room4动词＋副词get-off, break in,5副词＋动词output, overflow(4)合成副词however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever(5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything,二、派生 Derivation前缀前缀含义例词a-处在……arise, aside, aloneen-使可能enrich, enable, enslavedis-不，否定dissatisfy, dishonest, disappear, disorder, disagree un-不做相反动作unclose, undress, uncover, untiein-im-ir-il-不，非inactive, incapable, inpatient, incorrectimpossible, impersonal, impolite, immature, impracticalirregular, irresponsibleillogical,non-不，非non existent, non-interference, non-conductor, non-stop de-向相反方向发展Decentralize（分散）, defrost（解冻）anti-反（对）anti-freeze, anti-fascistmis-错误的，坏的misdoings, misunderstand, misfortunere重复，再rewrite, remarry, reunite, recycle,co-共同co-exist, co-operate, co-educationex以前的Ex-husband, ex-presidenttele远程telephone, telegraph, telescopesuper-在上面，超级supermarket, superpower,under-在……之下underline, underestimate, underground,inter-相互，之间international, interact, inter-changesub-下，次subtitle, submarine, subconscious, subcontinent, trans-过，穿过，变transformation(变形), translatevice-副vice-premier, vice-presidentsemi-半semifinal, semicircle, semi-automaticbi两个bicycle, biennial两年一次的tri三个triangle三角形, tricycle三轮脚踏车, triplets三胞胎mul-多，多种multiply, multi-national, multi-colouredkilo-千kilometre, kilogram后缀后缀例词名词-er farmer, weaver, pain-killer, murderer, , villager, stranger, speaker, cooker, recorder, heater-ess actress, waitress, princess, hostess-or conductor, sailor, transistor, operator,-ar beggar-ese Chinese, Portuguese, Japanese-ian musician, Egyptian, physician-ist-ent/-ant assistant-ment argument, judgment, government-ness happiness, greatness, illness, coldness, sleeplessness-tion dictation, preparation, repetition, action, information, invention -ing building, wedding, painting-ship leadership, friendship, hardship-age shortage, marriage, leakage-ty loyalty, cruelty, penalty, sixty, twenty, thirty, certainty-th truth, warmth, length, growth, fifteenth, fourth-ance acceptance, assistance, reliance, appearance-ence dependence, confidence, reference, entrance, defence-ful mouthful, handful, plateful,-al refusal, denial, arrival-y difficulty, possibility,-dom freedom, wisdom, kingdom-ism socialism, materialism注意： -ese, -ian, -ist 既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词。
-er 构成的名词，既有表示人的，又有表示物的。
后缀例词形容词-al central, industrial, national, natural-an European, American, Australian-ern eastern, northern, southern-able reasonable, horrible, terrible, believable,forgettable, sensible -ful careful, cheerful, grateful, faithful,-ish childish, Swedish, selfish-ive destructive, collective, active, creative, effective-y thirsty, dirty, windy, sunny, cloudy, healthy, funny-less careless, hopeless, helpless, homeless, sleepless, fearless, limitless-en golden, wooden, woolen-ous courageous, famous, continuous, serious, various-ary imaginary, revolutionary, secondary-ic realistic, historic, poetic-some troublesome, burdensome, lonesome, handsome-like childlike, womanlike, manlike-ant ignorant, significant, observant, important-ent diligent, silent, excellent, frequent-ly lively, friendly, lovely, weekly, brotherly, motherly-ish childish, foolish后缀例词动词-ize realize, modernize, mechanize, criticize,-en widen, strengthen, lengthen, sharpen, widen, shorten, quicken, deepen-fy Simplify, beautify, terrify,后缀例词副词-ward(s)forward, northward, backward, downward-ly slowly, quickly, carefully, loudly, happily, friendly三、转化 Conversion: 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。
1. 名词和动词之间的转化telephone电话——打电话, mirror镜子——像镜子一样反映, drink喝——饮料, record录音——记录, name, date, hand, study,2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect完美的——使完善3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front前面——前面的4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领语法填空之构词法专项练习1. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________（die） is heavier than Mount Tai.2. The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________(long).3. How________ (fool) he is!4.The black people were against slavery and fought for their ________(free) bravely.5. What you said sounded________(reason) but in fact it was untrue.6.One thing you should do is to _____(large) your vocabulary.7.________ (honest)speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose.8.Tianjin and Guangzhou were also found to be safe from_____ (legal) drugs.9. As he tried to read a map, he drove off the road into a river ______ (luck)10. Thunder and lightning happen ______________ (simultaneous).11.The weather was good except for an _________ (occasion) shower.12. The big earthquake made thousands of people ________(home).13. I'm very careful not to give out my ________ (person) information.14. To his______(puzzle), his son was ___(happy) hammering dents(凹痕) into the shiny paint of the truck.15. While your IQ tells you how ______ (intelligence) you are, ……16. Diet and exercise are __________(equal) important.17. I felt a great sense of ___________（achieve）when I reached the top of the mountain.18. The police successfully arrested Richard Matt , who was one of the country’s most wanted__________（crime）.19. My _________(suggest) is that we should always have a notebook within easy reach.20.The police were interviewing the 30 museum __________(employ)21. The mother didn’t know why her daughter was crying _______. (noise)22. The boy had the _______ of being half starved. (appear)23. Please give me some reference work. It will ______ my task. (simple)24. It snowed _____ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)25. Edison was a great ______. During his life he had many ______. (invent)26. More and more _____ have to visit China over these years. （foreign）27. We want _________ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)28. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an _______.(operate)29. The teacher was pleased with her _______. (honest)30. The police have _______ a plot against the President. (cover)。