子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that则不 然, 即不担任成分。例如：
What you said yesterday is right. That she is still alive is a consolation.起安慰作用的人
(或事物)
宾语从句的用法
句子结构： 主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句 连接词:
二、用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…… It is an honor that ……非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that…是常识 (2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should) It is natural that… 很自然…… It is strange that… 奇怪的是……
= It is true that the earth is round.
2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided. = It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.
注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分, 只起连接作用, 不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句）
What he wants to tell us is not clear.
主语从句
I believe (that) he is honest.
宾语从句
The question is who (which of you) will be
the next speaker.
表语从句
The news that he had landed on the moon
Grammar
1. 概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句
(Noun Clauses)。 名词从句的功能相当于名 词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、 表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在 句中不同的语法功能, 名词从句又可分别称 为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句 (Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause)。
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It happened that… 碰巧……
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道…… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说……
1.It is certain that he will come. 2.It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week. 3.It ned that we were out for a walk yesterday evening. 4.It doesn’t matter whether I stay or not.
三、用带-ever的引导词 (如whoever, whatever) 引导的主语从句一般不后置。
Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.
Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
It is John that broke the window.
五、what与that在引导主语从句时的区别 what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句
一、连词 (引导词) 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句
从属连词that, whether, if 连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what 连接副词 where, how, why, when
He has got a pen. I think… I think (that) he has got a pen. Where do they study English? Lily asks… Lily asks where they study English. Will you help me? I ask… I ask if you will help me.
3. 不可省略的连词： 1) 介词后的连词 2) 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连
词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won.
主语从句的用法
一、主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可 以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在 句末, 句首则用形式主语it。 1. That the earth is round is true.
四、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it作形式主语代替主语从句, 主要是为
了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变 化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部 分进行强调, 无论强调的是什么成分, 都可 用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用 who/whom。例如:
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
spread all over the world.
同位语从句
2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连接词/从属连词that, whether, if 不充 当从句的任何成分 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词: when, where, how, why