介词和介词短语
on the grass
in the grass
across the grass through the grass
表示地理位置的in, on, to:
in表示在某范围内,on指与什么毗邻,
to指在某环境范围之外。
Changchun isi_n___the northeast of China. Mongolia is__o_n___ the north of China.
be late for (迟到)
be/get ready for (为作好准备)
be sure of (对…有把握)
be worried about (为…感到担忧)
介词短语
by accident 偶然 on account of 因为,由于 in addition 另外 in addition to 除 …… 之外 in case 假如,以防 ( 万一 ) 免得 in no case 决不
表语
介词的固定搭配 ---与形容词搭配的词组
be afraid of (怕)
be angry with (生某人的气)
be away from (不在某地)
be different from (与…不同)
be good at (善于)
be good/ bad for (对…有益/有害)
be interested in (对…感兴趣)
介词和介词短语
介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的 关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。 介词后面一般有名词,代词或相当于名词 的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词-ing形式
1)You must take good care of her.
2)Thank you for teaching us so well.
but与一些固定结构 have no choice but to do sth.只得做某事 can not but do sth.不得不 can not help but do sth.不得不……, but for...如不是……
表示方式、手段、工具的介词
表泛指的方式、手段 by electricity,by hard work,learn
“
It was too late to see a film,and besides,I was tired.
We all went except John He was very clever except for carelessness.
but和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以 通用
Japan is ___to___the east of China.
besides “除……以外,(还有)”。 except“除去,除……之外(不再有)” except for“除了……(对句子主题进行细节校正或
附加说明)”后接名词、代词或what从句, 与except that+句子意思相同。“除了…一点以外
The baby stopped crying after half an hour.
The baby will stop crying in half an hour. They will visit their teacher after Friday.
通过: across; through; past;
sth.by heart 方式、手段的其他用法 with+工具、机器 with+人体器官,(by hand“手工,用
手”). with+情绪、情感、态度的名词 One smells with his nose. He stood up with p)过了,比……晚,迟于; (位置)在……那边,超出……之外;(范 围)超过,为……所不及,超出……的范 围”
名词词组
on the contrary相反; in turn依次; in one’s opinion根据某人的看法; on time准时; out of reach够不着
几组易混淆的介词
“在...之后” in + 一段时间(用于一般将来时) after + 一段时间(用于一般过去时) after + 一点时间(常用于一般将来时)
They arrived beyond nine o’clock.
他们过了9:00才到。
The book is beyond me.
这本书我看不懂。
over可表位置,意为“在……上方,越过;遮住, 盖住”,
也可表时间,意为“在……期间,(多年)以来” 等,
You can’t wear a blue jacket over that shirt—it’II look terrible
你不能在那件衬衣外面再穿上蓝色的夹克——太 难看了。
两者都可表示“高于”,over 主要表示垂直在上 的正上方,而 above 则不一定表示正上方(即可以 是正上方也可以不是正上方)。
表示时间的介词:at; on; in;
at“用于具体时刻前和某些固定词组中” at ten o’clock; at noon; at the weekend; at Christmas指整个圣诞节,而不是只指那一天 at the /that time; at breakfast time; at night; on用于指具体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下
介词与它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作 状语,表语,补语,定语或介词宾语。
The people on the bus were singing.
定语
The people were singing on the bus.
状语
I’m sorry for his parents.补语
This machine is (very) out of date.
on purpose 故意,有意
动词词组
account for 说明 ( 原因等 ) aim at 瞄准,针对 allow for 考虑到 appeal to 呼吁,要求 ask for 请求,要求 attach to 附属于,隶属于 begin with 从开始 remind sb of sth提醒某人某事 live on/by 靠 …… 生活,以 …… 为食 look for 寻找,寻求